scholarly journals A comparison of parameters of the passage of nylon capsules and digesta calculated from faecal excretion data obtained in lactating cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 450-458
Author(s):  
J. Třináctý ◽  
M. Richter ◽  
J. Pozdíšek ◽  
Kowalski ZM ◽  
E. Fajmonová
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Outside Diameter ◽  
Nylon Cloth

The aim of the study was to compare parameters of passage of nylon capsules and digesta represented by Cr-labelled maize silage through the digestive tract of dairy cows. The capsules were made of nylon cloth (42 µm pore size, 10 mm outside diameter) and applied orally. The evaluation was carried out in dairy cows with milk yield of 19.0 kg/day. The diet (17.6 kg DM/day) consisted of maize silage, lucerne hay and concentrate. Total mean retention time (TMRT), delay time (τ), summarised compartmental mean retention time (CMRTS), and mean individual compartmental retention times (CMRT1 and CMRT2) were calculated. TMRT, τ, CMRTS, CMRT1 and CMRT2 values of nylon capsules and Cr-labelled silage were 36.2 and 45.4 h (P < 0.01), 16.2 and 8.3 h (P < 0.01), 20.1 and 37.2 h (P < 0.01), 7.8 and 8.5 h, 12.2 and 28.7 h (P < 0.05), respectively. The calculated mean retention time of nylon capsules in the reticulo-rumen (CMRTS) was shorter and in the intestines (τ) was longer than that of digesta. For this reason the estimation of digestibility using the nylon capsule method can be questionable.  

scholarly journals Comparison of apparent and true digestibility of nutrients determined in dairy cows either by the nylon capsule or in vivo method

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 402-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Třináctý ◽  
M. Richter ◽  
P. Homolka ◽  
M. Rabišková ◽  
P. Doležal
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
True Digestibility ◽  
Nylon Cloth

In this study the values of true digestibility of DM, OM, CP, NDF and starch determined either by the nylon capsule method or conventional in vivo method were compared. Four intact crossbred dairy cows (mean milk yield 21.9 kg/d) were used in two experimental periods. TMR consisted of maize silage, lucerne hay and concentrate. Nylon capsules (external diameter 10 mm) were made of nylon cloth (pore size 42 µm). Capsules were filled with TMR and at the beginning of the in vivo trial they were administered orally as a paper bolus into the cows. The values of true digestibility (after washing loss correction) of DM and OM, as determined by means of the nylon capsule method were lower than those estimated by the in vivo method. The respective differences were –6.9 and –7.3% (P < 0.05).  Insignificant differences were found in CP, NDF and starch.  

scholarly journals Mathematical modelling of digesta passage rate, mean retention time and in vivo apparent digestibility of two different lengths of hay and big-bale grass silage in ponies

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. S. Moore-Colyer ◽  
H. J. Morrow ◽  
A. C. Longland
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Chloride Hexahydrate ◽  
Grass Hay

Welsh-cross pony geldings (about 300kg live weight) were used in a 4×4 Latin square experiment to determine the rate of passage and apparent digestibility of unchopped big-bale grass silage (BBL), chopped big-bale grass silage (BBS), unchopped grass hay (HL) and chopped grass hay (HS) offered at approximately 15g/kg live weight per d. On day 1 of collection weeks, ponies were fed 85g ytterbium chloride hexahydrate-marked feed 1·5h after the morning meal. Total faecal collections commenced 8h later and continued for 168h. Apparent digestibilities of feed DM, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP, N×6·25), acid-detergent fibre (ADF) and neutral-detergent fibre (NDF) were also determined. Faecal excretion data were subjected to the models of Pond et al. (1988) and digesta mean retention time (MRT) calculated from these models and using the algebraic method of Thielmans et al. (1978). Silage had significantly (P<0·05) higher digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, ADF and NDF than hay; however, chop length had no effect. All the models of Pond et al. (1988) accurately described (R2>0·8) the pattern of faecal marker excretion. MRT of BBL (29·0h)>BBS(27h)>HS and HL (26h). Compartmental analysis using the G3 model of Pond et al. (1988) showed BBL and HS diets had longer MRT in the time-dependent compartment, whereas BBS and HL had longer MRT in the time-independent compartment. Results from this experiment indicate that BBL and BBS are readily accepted and digested by ponies. While Yb is a successful external marker for determining total tract MRT and for modelling faecal excretion curves in horses, the results did not allow any definite conclusions to be drawn on digesta MRT within the different compartments of the equid gut.

scholarly journals Influence of particle size and density on mean retention time in the rumen of dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 3010-3022 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Dufreneix ◽  
P. Faverdin ◽  
J.-L. Peyraud
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Mean Retention Time

The study of replacing maize silage with triticale or barley whole crop silage on feeding the lactating cows

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 196-196
Author(s):  
M. Vatandoost ◽  
M. Danesh Mesgaran ◽  
R. Valizadeh ◽  
H. Nasirimoghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Forage Maize ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Barley Silage

Grass and forage maize are the most important fodder crops for feeding dairy cows. However, on drought prone sandy soils, and in years with insufficient rainfall the yield of maize is very low (7 to 8 tons DM/ha). In situations where water is a limiting factor for growing maize, triticale and barley may be an alternative fodder crop. Triticale grows mainly during the early spring when there usually is a precipitation surplus and so, water is not a limiting factor for growth. When triticale is harvested as triticale whole crop silage the DM yield ranges between 9 and 11 ton of dry matter per hectare. Therefore, under water limiting conditions it may be attractive to replace forage maize by triticale and barley whole crop silage. The objective of this study is to find the effects of replacing maize and barley silage by triticale whole crop silage on feed intake and milk production of lactating Holstein cows.

Some factors affecting voluntary food intake in buffaloes. 1. Effect of feeding long-chopped and ground roughages

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Taparia ◽  
V. V. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Maize Stover ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThree experiments each utilizing four buffalo heifers in 4 × 4 latin square designs were conducted over a period of 84 days to estimate the voluntary consumption of eight long-chopped and four ground roughages. Voluntary intake and rate of passage were determined during the last 10 days and digestibility of feed nutrients during the last 6 days of a 21-day experimental period.The mean daily dry-matter intake (DMI, g/kg W0·75), D.M. digestibility (%) and mean retention time (h) of long and chopped foods were 81·6, 65·7, 75·2; 81·4, 54·2, 60·3; 78·0, 58·6, 66·0; 75·8, 58·5, 66·3; 67·5, 68·1, 87·9; 62·1, 40·9, 73·3; 56·3, 50·6, 70·9 and 55·5, 58·8, 82·4, respectively for maize silage, sorghum stover, dry grass, maize stover, berseem hay, wheat straw, pearl-millet stover and cowpea hay. Appreciable differences were observed between feeds in the digestibility of D.M., organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP). No consistent pattern in level of intake and either CP or crude fibre (CF) contents of feeds or their D.M. digestibilities was discernible. The relationship between DMI and D.M. digestibility was low (r = 0·29). Higher DMI of feeds tended to be associated with faster rate of passage excepting maize silage and berseem hay. The relationship between D.M. digestibility and mean retention time was low (r = 0·46) and between total digestible nutrient intake and body weight was high (r = 0·79).The mean daily DMI (g/kg W0·75), D.M. digestibility (%) and mean retention time (h) of ground roughages were 68·7, 51·3, 58·0; 62·9, 38·4, 60·0; 62·4, 40·1, 63·0; 53·1, 66·6, 72·0, respectively for ground maize stover, wheat straw, dry grass and berseem hay. Ground roughages appeared to be utilized less efficiently by buffaloes than longchopped roughages.

The influence of rumen fluid pH on the rate and extent of maize silage and wheat straw degradation estimated in vitro using the Reading Pressure Technique

2000 ◽  
Vol 2000 ◽  
pp. 53-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.L. Mould ◽  
R.M. Mauricio ◽  
T. Smith ◽  
E. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Fibre Degradation

Fermentation of the increasingly energy-dense rations offered to meet the nutrient demands of today's high yielding dairy cows ought to adversely rumen fibre degradation. Not only could rumen fluid pH be depressed below that assumed critical to cellulolysis for extended periods of time but the quantity of readily fermentable carbohydrate available will further exacerbate this effect. These, together with the reduced rumen retention time of feed particles associated with high feeding levels could significantly limit fibre degradation. This in vitro study was designed to identify the pH at which degradation becomes impaired, the extent of this depression and whether the effect varies according to the feedstuffs offered.

scholarly journals The productive function of silage beer grains in a diet of lactating cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Pivtorak ◽  
O. Naymyuk ◽  
R. Petryshak ◽  
I. Golodyuk ◽  
Y. Semchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Exchange Processes ◽  
Productive Function ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Experimental Group

In the presented material, the experiment from the application of preserved beer grains in feeding of dairy cows and its influence on the intensity of exchange processes in an organism and the level of a dairy performance, the containing of grease and protein on the background of a grass–based type of a diet are shown. Nineteen days lasting experiments were conducted under the scheme, which predicted using green forage in the compound of a diet, maize silage and the mixture of concentrates, the control group and altering silage to preserved (AMS) beer grains – an experimental group. It’s established, that the application of preserved beer grains instead of maize silage in feeding of dairy cows is marked positively on the intensity of rumen metabolism. It’s confirmed with the high concentration of microorganisms (amylo–, cellulo– and proteolytic) in rumens of ruminant animals for a parallel accumulation of raw biomass in the microflora, that points to an active synthesis of easily digestible microbial protein. On the background of a significant advantage on the experimental group over the control one for the listed parameters of a ruminant environment, the enzyme of a microorganism activity of a rumen, that provides increasing of volatile fatty acids as basic forerunners of dairy fat and protein as well. At the same, due to positive processes, which occur in organisms of dairy cows, the straight connection between physiol–biochemical indexes and the level of their dairy performance is found. The preference of the experimental group over the control one reaches 10.7% of basis grease for the last criterion, that confirms our observation about the expedience of application of preserved beer grains in the feeding of ruminants.

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