scholarly journals The productive function of silage beer grains in a diet of lactating cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Pivtorak ◽  
O. Naymyuk ◽  
R. Petryshak ◽  
I. Golodyuk ◽  
Y. Semchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Exchange Processes ◽  
Productive Function ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Experimental Group

In the presented material, the experiment from the application of preserved beer grains in feeding of dairy cows and its influence on the intensity of exchange processes in an organism and the level of a dairy performance, the containing of grease and protein on the background of a grass–based type of a diet are shown. Nineteen days lasting experiments were conducted under the scheme, which predicted using green forage in the compound of a diet, maize silage and the mixture of concentrates, the control group and altering silage to preserved (AMS) beer grains – an experimental group. It’s established, that the application of preserved beer grains instead of maize silage in feeding of dairy cows is marked positively on the intensity of rumen metabolism. It’s confirmed with the high concentration of microorganisms (amylo–, cellulo– and proteolytic) in rumens of ruminant animals for a parallel accumulation of raw biomass in the microflora, that points to an active synthesis of easily digestible microbial protein. On the background of a significant advantage on the experimental group over the control one for the listed parameters of a ruminant environment, the enzyme of a microorganism activity of a rumen, that provides increasing of volatile fatty acids as basic forerunners of dairy fat and protein as well. At the same, due to positive processes, which occur in organisms of dairy cows, the straight connection between physiol–biochemical indexes and the level of their dairy performance is found. The preference of the experimental group over the control one reaches 10.7% of basis grease for the last criterion, that confirms our observation about the expedience of application of preserved beer grains in the feeding of ruminants.

scholarly journals Effect of feeding yeast culture on ruminal fermentation and blood indicators of Holstein dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Doležal ◽  
Jan Dvořáček ◽  
Jan Doležal ◽  
Jana Čermáková ◽  
Ladislav Zeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation on ruminal fermentation in 20 Holstein dairy cows divided into control and experimental groups, each group of 10 cows. The animals received a diet based on maize silage (19 kg), alfalfa silage (15 kg), meadow hay (1.5 kg), extracted rapeseed meal (1 kg) and concentrate mixture (9.5 kg). The diets were fed as a total mixed ration. The supplement of yeast culture Levucell® SC 20 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae – CNCM I-1077; min. content 2 × 1010 CFU·g-1) was added to the concentrate mixture in the ration fed to the experimental group of animals. The addition of yeast culture significantly (P < 0.01) increased ruminal pH but had no positive effects on the increased production of volatile fatty acids. The supplementation of yeast culture significantly (P < 0.01) increased numbers of protozoa in the rumen of dairy cows of the experimental group (361.3 ± 18.315) compared to the control group (308.3 ± 37.505). The addition of yeast culture significantly (P < 0.01) increased concentration of serum glucose, calcium, phosphorus, copper, zinc, magnesium and AST (P < 0.05). As compared to the control group (4.948 ± 0.0384 mmol·l-1), the level of urea in the blood serum was significantly decreased (P < 0.01) in the experimental group of cows. Our results show that the supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture at recommended doses enhances ruminal fermentation which may have a positive effect on milk production and health status of Holstein dairy cows.

Extruded lupine as a part of energy-protein concentrate in the ration of lactating cows

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Z. Fedorova
Keyword(s):  
Farm Animals ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Kaliningrad Region ◽  
Experimental Group

In order to fi ll the existing protein defi ciency in the rations of farm animals in particular dairy cows it is necessary to input feed lupins as widely as possible in crop rotations. Lupin is a very versatile forage crop it can be used in feed as herbage, in the form of haylage, silage, in compound feed as a protein additive, as well as a green manure crop to increase soil fertility. Questions of protein nutrition should be to be quickly resolved, both in the production of protein and in its standardized rational use. Unbalanced protein rations increase feed consumption per unit of production, thereby increasing its prime cost. In the world soya is generally recognized as a protein feed, but in the Kaliningrad region as in most of regions in our country, it does not maturate being a heat-loving crop. Under these environments the inclusion of extruded lupine grain in the composition of energy-protein concentrates for the production of compound feed has become an alternative to replacing expensive soya. The researches have been carried out it the cattle farm of LLC “Temp” in the Guryevsky area in the Kaliningrad region (March-May 2019) on feeding lactating cows energy-protein concentrate from extruded grain of narrow-leaved lupine, fl ax, triticale, subjected to heat treatment on a press extruder. For this purpose two groups of lactating cows of Black-and-White breed (control and experimental) have been formed using the method of pairs of analogs per 11 heads in each. Cows of the control group have received the main ration of the farm, and cows of the experimental group in addition to the main ration have received compound feed with extruded energy-protein concentrate based on lupine. As a result of research, the positive infl uence of energy-protein concentrate based on lupine in compound feed on the dairy productivity of cows has been established. Recipes of concentrate and compound feed with concentrate for lactating cows, the volume of inclusion of components in the concentrate and in the compound feed have been calculated. During the experiment, the milk yield in the experimental group of cows has increased by 62,4 kg or 8,0 %, than in the control group. From the cows of the experimental group the conditional profi t has been received in the amount of 1684,8 rubles per head.

The effectiveness of use RUSMA additive in the rations of lactating cows

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
S. Sukhanova ◽  
N. Pozdnyakova ◽  
F. Yaroslavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Experimental Group

The results of researches on the development of new mineral feed additives based on raw materials produced by Uralchem and the study of the eff ectiveness of their use in the rations of lactating cows have been presented in the article. The experiment has been carried out in the conditions of LLC “PF Barabinskoe” in the Dalmatovsky area in the Kurgan region where 3 groups of lactating cows of Black-and-White breed have been formed. Animals in the control group have been received the ration adopted in the farm, the 1st experimental group with the additive RusMA No. 1 at a dose of 150 g, the 2nd experimental group– with the additive RusMA No. 2 at the dose of 350 g. The use of experimental mineral additives in feeding lactating cows allowed us to increase their milk productivity and profi tability of production. At the same time, the best eff ectiveness was shown by the additive RusMA No. 2 at the dose of 350 g/head/day. The use of RusMA additives during the experiment period (105 days) allowed to increase the milk productivity of cows in the 1st experimental group by 6,03 % and in the 2nd experimental group by 8,24 %. Taking into account the fat content in milk, this diff erence was 6,31 and 8,53 %, respectively. The energy value of milk from cows of the experimental groups was higher compared to the control group by 2,45 and 1,76 %, respectively. According to the content of dry matter in milk, cows of the 2nd experimental group exceeded the control and 1st experimental group by 0,39 and 0,12 abs.%, respectively. The maximum milk fat content has been observed in the milk of cows of the 1st experimental group by 0,03 and 0,01 abs.% more than in the control and 2nd experimental groups, respectively. In terms of protein content, the cows of the 2nd experimental group signifi cantly exceeded the control group by 0,10 abs.% and the 1st experimental by 0,04 abs.%. The content of milk sugar in the 2nd experimental group was higher than in the control by 0,30 abs.% and compared to the 1st experimental by 0,11 %. Signifi cantly more calcium and phosphorus were contained in the milk of cows of the 2nd experimental group by 4,58 % (Р ≤ 0,001) and 2,86 % (Р ≤ 0,05), compared with the control group. The expenditures of feed in the EFU for the production of 1 kg of milk in animals of the 2nd experimental group was less by 5,13 % than in control cows and by 2,63 % compared to the 1st experimental group. The prime cost of 1 centner of milk was lower in the 2nd experimental group by 3,94 %, in the 1st experimental group by 2,65 % compared to the control group. The level of profi tability of milk production in the 2nd experimental group was higher by 9,0 and 1,0 abs.% in comparison with the control and 1st experimental groups, respectively.

scholarly journals Microelement Supplementation in Dairy Cows by Mineral Lick

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Štěpán Krys ◽  
Eva Lokajová ◽  
Aleš Podhorský ◽  
Leoš Pavlata
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Mn Concentration ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Mineral Lick

The aim of this experiment was to verify the option of providing microelement supplementation to dairy cows in the dry period through supplemented mineral lick, and then to compare the content of microelements in the blood, colostrum and milk. The experiment was carried out on a farm with Czech Fleckvieh dairy cows. We formed an experimental group (E), supplied with mineral lick ad libitum enhanced with organic forms of microelements (Se, Zn, Cu, Mn) for four to five weeks before parturition and 1 week after parturition. The control group (C) did not receive any mineral lick. The use of mineral lick by cows was very uneven, its total consumption oscillated between 0 to 250 g of lick per animal per day. Lick feeding did not result in evidential increase of concentrations of monitored microelements in the cows’ blood, colostrum and milk. Only a tendency to increased concentrations of Se and Cu in the blood of group E of cows was observed; the average Se concentration increased by 60 μg l-1 (Cu by 9 μmol l-1), whereas in group C, Se increased only by 30 μg l-1 (Cu by 6 μg l-1). The concentration of microelements in colostrum after parturition dropped quickly. Significant drops were determined for Se, Cu and Zn on the first (for Mn on the second) day after parturition. Selenium concentration in the first colostrum was 5 times higher than in milk, Cu concentration 3 times higher, Zn concentration 4 times higher and Mn concentration 1.3 times higher.

scholarly journals Daytime Grazing in Mountainous Areas Increases Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Decreases Cortisol in the Milk of Holstein Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3122
Author(s):  
Jalil Ghassemi Nejad ◽  
Bae-Hun Lee ◽  
Ji-Yung Kim ◽  
Kyung-Il Sung ◽  
Hong-Gu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Lactating Cows

The effects of grazing lactating cows in mountainous areas for 12 and 24 h compared with the confined indoor system were evaluated by examining the overall milk fatty acid and cortisol. Twenty-one dairy cows were allocated to three treatment groups: (1) control (confined management system in a free-stall barn; TMR based), (2) grazing for 12 h (12hG; TMR plus grazing pasture), and (3) grazing for 24 h (24hG; pasture-based feeding system). Dry matter intake was higher in the control and 12hG groups than in the 24hG group. The yields of total milk and the 3.5% fat-corrected milk were the lowest in the 24hG group. Milk fat was the highest in the 24hG group and higher in 12hG compared with the control group. Milk protein and lactose levels were the highest in the 12hG group. The highest somatic cell count was observed in the 24hG group. The saturated fatty acid levels were higher in the control group compared with the 12hG and 24hG groups. There was no difference in overall mono-unsaturated fatty acids between 12hG and 24hG groups. Poly-unsaturated fatty acids were higher in the 12hG group compared with the control and 24hG groups. There was no difference in omega-6 (ω-6) fatty acids among the groups, and omega-3 fatty acids were higher in the 12hG group than in the control group. Milk cortisol was the highest in the 24hG group and higher in the control group compared with the 12hG group. Taken together, grazing for 12 h is advisable for farms that have access to mountainous areas to improve the milk fatty acid profile and decrease the stress levels in high-yielding Holstein lactating cows.

scholarly journals Biotechnological aspects of transformation of heavy metal salts and their detoxication in milk of milk cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Boris Dzagurov ◽  
Oleg Getokov ◽  
Vladimir Gukezhev ◽  
Taladin Kokov ◽  
Vitaly Vorokov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Milk Cows ◽  
Heavy Metal Salts ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Experimental Group

Based on the results of previous studies on pigs and poultry, in which encouraging results of a significant decrease in the concentration of heavy metals in the body were obtained, respectively, in pork, poultry and eggs, the study provided for the use of the bentonite clay of the Zamankul deposit (RNO-Alania) as an enterosorbent in relation to heavy metals and detoxification of the organism of dairy cows. In order to study the feasibility of using bentonite as an enterosorbent, studies were performed on dairy cows of the Simmental breed in the Kaloyev farm located in st. Zmeyskaya, Kirovsky district of North Ossetia-Alania. To conduct research on the principle of analog pairs, two experimental groups of cows (control and experimental, five cows in each group) of the 3rd and 4th lactation were formed. The experiment lasted for 305 days of lactation from March 2018 to January 2019. Herewith, the control group of cows was fed with a basic diet balanced in all nutritional elements, the experimental livestock, together with the main diet, daily in the composition of the concentrates was injected with crushed bentonite with a particle diameter of 4-6 mm based on the dry matter of the feed (137 g/animal). The study of the concentration of heavy metals (cadmium, lead and zinc) in soil, feed, blood and milk was performed in two periods of lactation (on the 250th and 300th days of lactation). Herewith, an increased content of heavy metals in the soil was established, relative to the MPL: cadmium - 10.1; lead - 7.4; zinc - 9.7 times more, in drinking water: cadmium - 2.5 times; lead - 9.0 times and zinc - 9.7 times more, in feed: cadmium - from 1.7 to 5.3 times; lead - from 1.1 to 1.7; zinc - from 1.0 to 2.5 times the MPL. The inclusion of bentonite to the ration of the animals of the experimental group, in comparison with the control group, in both study periods (250 and 300 days of lactation) contributed to a significant decrease in the concentration of the studied heavy metals in the blood from 17 to 20%, in milk - from 16 to 18 %. The transformation ration values of heavy metals from feed into the body, respectively, into milk, were also lower in the animals of the experimental group, relative to the control.

scholarly journals The role of rhaponticum carthamoides in feeding of dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
V. A. Voloshin ◽  
D. A. Matolinets ◽  
N. A. Morozkov ◽  
G. P. Maysak
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Rhaponticum Carthamoides ◽  
Experimental Group

The results of studies of the use of rhaponticum carthamoides for feeding dairy cows are presented. The experiment was carried out on Holstein cows of black-and-white breed in Perm Territory. Vitaminherbal fl our from green mass of rhaponticum carthamoides at a dose of 0.4 and 1.0 kg per head per day in the period of 10-16 days before calving and in the fi rst 30 days of lactation was introduced into the feeding rations of two experimental groups of cows. High sugar content in rhaponticum carthamoides (from 4.15 to 11.2% in dry matter and metabolic energy from 10.87 to 12.12 MJ/ kg) was noted. In the studied material from this plant, the content of the 20-hydroxyecdysone was 0.49% of active ingredients in the dry matter of the product at a rate of 0.25%. The introduction of rhaponticum carthamoides in the diet of feeding animals contributed to the increase in the intensity of metabolic processes in the body. A gradual increase in cholesterol levels in all experimental groups was noted. The most signifi cant growth was observed in cows of the second experimental group by 0.82 mmol / l or 29.50% (p <0.01). Compared with the fi rst experimental group, the increase was 0.13 mmol / l or 5.2%, and the control group – 0.36 mmol / l or 14.17%. Stimulation of metabolic processes in the body of cows of the experimental groups had a positive impact on reproduction, which was manifested in the reduction of the service period duration, compared with the control group.

scholarly journals Meeting the physiological requirements for energy and nutrients to manifest the genetic potential of dairy cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 941 (1) ◽  
pp. 012036
Author(s):  
S V Moshkina ◽  
A S Kharitonova ◽  
S N Khimicheva ◽  
T Yu Kolganova ◽  
T V Smagina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Economic Experiment ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Research Period

Abstract The paper presents the results of the scientific and economic experiment for the evaluation of the influence of the energy supplement included in the diet of lactating cows of the Brown Swiss breed. During the research period, all animals were kept in the same conditions, corresponding to zootechnical standards. They were divided into two groups differentiated only by the feed ration. The cows of the first (control) group were given rations typical for the farm corresponding to the feeding norms of dry and lactating cows. For the cows of the second group in the dry period (14 days before calving) the feeding ration was changed with a change in structure towards an increase in the proportion of concentrated feed, and immediately after calving, they received an energy feed supplement to maintain the physiological status of dairy cows after calving. Only clinically healthy animals participated in the experiment. It was revealed that the inclusion of the energy feed supplement in the diet of lactating cows in the experimental groups during lactation led to an increase in the productivity of livestock as compared with those in the control group.

Adhesion of Malassezia pachydermatis of different growth type to canine epithelial cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Florek ◽  
J. Król ◽  
Z. Staroniewicz ◽  
B. Bażanów
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract This study focuses on the effect of parenteral administration of Selenium (Se) and vitamin E on concentration of Se in plasma and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the blood of dairy cows during peripartal period and their effect on the reduction of clinical mastitis. From a 220 individuals Holstein herd in a two-four lactation-gestation cycle the control group (C), 1st (D1) and 2nd (D2) experimental group were selected. Every group consisted of 15 cows in the last phase of the pregnancy. All cows were fed with the diet containing 0.1 mg of Se per kg/DM. The blood samples from vena jugularis were collected approximately 21 days before calving (control sampling), 3 days, 12 days and 21 days after calving. On the day of control sampling and 12 days before calving in D1 group, cows were injected subcutaneously in the sprescapular region with preparation Selevit inj. a.u.v. at the doses of 48.4 mg/head of Se, and 550 IU/head of α-Tocoferol (α-Toc). In D2 group, cows were injected by the same preparation only on 21th day before calving with the same doses of Se and α-Toc. The increase in the concentration of Se in the plasma and activity GPx in blood in D1 group on the 3rd day and 12th day after calving were determined. Increase in plasmatic concentrations α-Toc on 3rd day after calving and reduction of occurrence of clinical mastitis (13.3%) as compared with control group were found

scholarly journals Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Addition in Dairy Cows Diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Marinela ENCULESCU
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of fresh yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation in the dairy cows’ diets on productive performances and health status. The study was carried out in the experimental farm of the Research and Development Institute for Bovine Balotești on 50 multiparous Romanian Black and Spotted dairy cows, randomly divided into two groups (N = 25 heads/group), according to age, milk yield, body weight and health status. The experimental group received 80 g Saccharomyces cerevisiae/head/day for one year. The groups were fed with the same diet and had free access to water and salt. Results were expressed as a mean (±Standard Deviation). The t-test was applied to obtain the significance of difference. Supplementation of the diet with Saccharomyces cerevisiae had a significant effect (P <0.001) on milk yield (20.71±1.65 l/head/day) for the experimental group comparing with the control group (18.22±1.81 l/head/day), and on milk protein and lactose (P <0.05). The addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in dairy cows’ diet did not improve the milk fat, hematological and biochemical/urine indicators in the experimental group (P >0.05). However, for alkaline phosphatase, differences at the end of the study have been observed (P <0.01). The beneficial effect of the yeast and yeast products in ruminants could be attributed to microbial activity by increasing the number of beneficial bacteria in the rumen of the animals. The use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an alternative source of economic protein, vitamins and minerals in dairy cows’ diet represents an effective measure to optimize animal productivity.

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