scholarly journals The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on ruminal fermentation in dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 503-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Doležal ◽  
J. Doležal ◽  
J. Třináctý

This study presents the results of an experiment in which the effect of addition of a yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Strain 47) on rumen fermentation was studied in thirty-six dairy cows of Holstein breed.The animals were divided into one control and five experimental groups. Each group involved 6 individuals. The animals received a diet consisting of good maize silage with a higher dry matter content (16 kg), clover-grass haylage (l6 kg), meadow hay (3 kg) and supplementary feed mixture (7.5 kg). The rations were fed to cows as total mixed ration (TMR).In experimental groups, the yeast culture was added into the feed mixture in amounts of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 g per day and animal. Samples of rumen fluid were taken perorally 3–4 hours after feeding. The obtained results indicated that the addition of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae SC-47 culture in recommended doses showed a positive effect on ruminal digestion. As compared with control, the addition of all aforementioned amounts of the yeast culture into the feeding ration resulted in all cases in a statistically significant (P < 0.01) decrease in pH and fluctuated near the lower limit of the reference values. As compared with control, the yeast culture supplementation showed a positive effect (P < 0.01) on production of volatile fatty acids (VFA) (127.6 vs. 84.0 mmol/l). The utilisation of ammonia was higher (P < 0.01) in experimental groups (8.12, resp. 8.68 mmol/l) than in controls (9.06 mmol/l). The difference in protozoa numbers in rumens of dairy cows in the control and experimental groups was statistically highly significantly (P < 0.01) different. There was a close relationship between the dose of yeast culture on the one hand and the VFA content and protozoa numbers on the other. The regression analysis of dependence of dependent variable (i.e. pH of rumen fluid) on the independent one (i.e. the dose of yeast culture) revealed only a slight degree of dependence (r = 0.671).  

Author(s):  
Petr Doležal ◽  
Jan Doležal

In the present study, examined was the effect of a yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Strain 47) on rumen fermentation of cows. Animals received a diet consisting of good maize silage with a higher dry matter content (16  kg), 16  kg of clovergrass haylage, 3  kg of meadow hay and 7.5  kg feed mixture. The yeast culture was added to the mixture in the dose 6  g/day and cow. The supplement of yeast culture showed a positive effect on VFA production in comparison with control (1.16±0.013B vs. 0.84±0.063A  g/ 100 ml), and lower production of lactic acid. The utilisation of ammonia was higher by cows in treated group (8.68±0.084A mmol/L). The difference in number of protozoa of cows in the control and experimental groups was significant (302.0±12.349A vs. 359.2±1.304B ths /1 ml of rumen fluid).


Author(s):  
Petr Doležal ◽  
Jan Dvořáček ◽  
Jitka Dvořáčková ◽  
Roman Poštulka ◽  
Jan Doležal ◽  
...  

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I – 1077) addition in the diet of dairy cows on their rumen fermentation. Animals received a diet consisting of good maize silage with a higher dry matter content (18 kg), 6 kg of lucerne haylage, 5 kg of pea – silage, 3 kg of ensiled high moisture crimped corn, 1 kg of meadow hay, rape-cake 1 kg, ­brewer’s grain silage 4 kg, and 8.0 kg feed mixture. The yeast culture was added to the mixture in the dose 2.8*1010 cfu / day and cow. The supplement of yeast culture showed a positive effect on ruminal VFA production by experimental group cows in comparison with control, higher production (P < 0.01) of acetic acid (58.50 ± 1.2583b vs. 51.833 ± 2.409a %), and lower production of propionic and butyric acid (24.667 ± 1.3744a vs. 28.833 ± 1.863b %). The average utilisation of ammonia was higher by cows in treated group (12.267 ± 0.754 mmol / L), but difference was not significant. The difference in number of protozoa of cows in the control and experimental groups was significant (P < 0.05) different (308.333 ± 24.390a vs. 342.333 ± 10.9341b ths /1 ml of rumen fluid).


2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Doležal ◽  
Jan Dvořáček ◽  
Jan Doležal ◽  
Jana Čermáková ◽  
Ladislav Zeman ◽  
...  

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation on ruminal fermentation in 20 Holstein dairy cows divided into control and experimental groups, each group of 10 cows. The animals received a diet based on maize silage (19 kg), alfalfa silage (15 kg), meadow hay (1.5 kg), extracted rapeseed meal (1 kg) and concentrate mixture (9.5 kg). The diets were fed as a total mixed ration. The supplement of yeast culture Levucell® SC 20 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae – CNCM I-1077; min. content 2 × 1010 CFU·g-1) was added to the concentrate mixture in the ration fed to the experimental group of animals. The addition of yeast culture significantly (P < 0.01) increased ruminal pH but had no positive effects on the increased production of volatile fatty acids. The supplementation of yeast culture significantly (P < 0.01) increased numbers of protozoa in the rumen of dairy cows of the experimental group (361.3 ± 18.315) compared to the control group (308.3 ± 37.505). The addition of yeast culture significantly (P < 0.01) increased concentration of serum glucose, calcium, phosphorus, copper, zinc, magnesium and AST (P < 0.05). As compared to the control group (4.948 ± 0.0384 mmol·l-1), the level of urea in the blood serum was significantly decreased (P < 0.01) in the experimental group of cows. Our results show that the supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture at recommended doses enhances ruminal fermentation which may have a positive effect on milk production and health status of Holstein dairy cows.


2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kinal ◽  
A. Korniewicz ◽  
M. Słupczyńska ◽  
R. Bodarski ◽  
D. Korniewicz ◽  
...  

The object of an experiment was inorganic and organic forms of zinc, copper and manganese applied in mineral mixtures to dairy cows. The experiment was carried out on 90 cows with average milk yield for previous lactation of about 9 500 kg milk. The cows received mineral mixtures containing inorganic or organic forms of zinc, copper and manganese for 6 weeks before calving and during the first three months of lactation. The application of microelements as bioplexes in amounts covering 30% of daily requirements of cows had a positive effect on an increase in colostrum dry matter content from 20.9 to 23.35% as well as on the concentration of protein and fat, and the level of minerals – calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc and copper. In cows’ milk in the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> month of lactation there were no differences in contents of minerals. However in the blood serum of cows in the 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd</sup> month of lactation an increase in calcium concentration from 1.96 to 2.14 g/kg was observed while the content of phosphorus also increased average from 1.76 to 2.22 g/kg in the first trimester of lactation.


1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Kumar ◽  
V. K. Sareen ◽  
S. Singh

AbstractThe effect of inclusion of live yeast culture (YC, Saccharomyces cerevisiae plus growth medium) in a high concentrate diet given to buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves on the rumen microbial population and fermentation pattern and in sacco dry matter disappearance of dietary constituents was examined. Six rumen-fistulated buffalo calves of about 120 kg live iveight were divided into two equal groups. The control group was given a diet consisting of, on a dry-matter basis, 0·90 kg ivheat straw, 1 kg berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum) and ISO kg concentrate per day per calf and the yeast group the above diet plus 5 g YC which was put directly into the rumen via the fistula. After feeding this diet for 6 weeks (supplementation period), inclusion of YC was stopped and both groups were given the control diet for a period of 3 weeks to examine the performance of the YC group after withdrawal of YC. At week 4 of YC supplementation the pH was significantly increased (P < 0·01) and lactate concentration was decreased (P < 0·01) in the rumen fluid for up to 6 h post feeding. The number of total bacteria, total viable bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria, amylolytic bacteria and protozoa were increased proportionately by 0·554 (P < 002), 0·482 (P<0·01), 0·670 (P <0·01), 0·077 (P > 0·05) and 0·079 (P>0·05), respectively. The concentrations of total volatile fatty acids, particularly at 4 h post feeding (P < 0·01), acetate fP < 0·01) and propionate and the acetate to propionate ratio were higher in the YC compared with the control group. On YC inclusion, the concentration of ammonia-nitrogen was decreased while that of trichloracetic acid insoluble protein was marginally increased. All these differences in rumen variables started to disappear on YC withdrawal and values returned to control levels by the 3rd week after YC withdrawal. YC supplementation increased the in sacco dry-matter disappearance of various dietary components particularly after 3, 6 and 22 h incubation.


1993 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
CR Stockdale

Three experiments were done with lactating dairy cows and one with wether sheep to study the effects of adding water to, or removing water from, fresh Persian clover on its apparent digestion and utilization in ruminants. In these experiments, the dry matter content of freshly harvested herbage averaged 10%; this was extended by wilting herbage for 12-24 h, adding a small amount of dry feed to the diet or loading the rumen with additional water. This resulted in mean water consumption ranging from 62 to 173 L/day in lactating cows. Water consumption per se appeared to have no effect on apparent digestibility coefficients in the total gastrointestinal tract or milk production (P > 0.05) at either low or high levels of feeding. However, digestibility coefficients were significantly lower (P < 0.05) when wilted Persian clover herbage was fed to animals, with concomitant reductions in milk yield; most of this reduction was due to herbage respiration and enzymatic losses probably associated with the breakdown of non-structural carbohydrates. It has been suggested that digestibility coefficients may be reduced with forages of very high water content due to reduced mean retention times of digesta in the rumen. Chromium dilution rates in rumen fluid were fast and there was a tendency for these to be positively related to water consumption. Therefore, while there may have been reduced digestion of nutrients in the rumen with higher flow rates, this must have been countered-balanced by greater digestion in the intestines.


2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Mendonça Nunes Ribeiro Filho ◽  
Jean-Louis Peyraud ◽  
Rémy Delagarde

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of pasture composition and regrowth age on the relationship between feeding behavior and ruminal fermentation in dairy cows grazing perennial ryegrass with or without white clover. The experiment was carried out in a 2x2 factorial arrangement, with two sward types and two ages of regrowth. Swards of perennial ryegrass sown alone (PRG) and of perennial ryegrass mixed with white clover (GC) were evaluated. Twelve late-lactation Holstein cows, fistulated at the rumen, were distributed in a 4x4 latin square experimental design with four 12-day periods. Daily distribution of grazing was similar in the PRG and the GC swards, but the concentration of rumen volatile fatty acids (VFA) was higher and the proportion of propionate was lower on mixed swards during the day. Daily distribution of grazing was similar in pastures of different ages. However, in the oldest swards, rumen fluid pH increased and VFA concentration decreased after evening milking. Time spent grazing does not influence ruminal fermentation, which depends on the changes that occur as different sward layers are grazed.


1970 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Mudd

SUMMARYGroups of lactating dairy cows were fed on grass which had received various amounts of nitrogen and potash fertilizers. In the early part of the season not only was the herbage concentration of calcium and phosphorus lower in grass which had received potash fertilizer but in addition the ‘availability’ of the calcium to cows was depressed. Grass which had received large amounts of nitrogen fertilizer had a comparatively low dry-matter content in the autumn. Cows fed such grass were in negative balance for calcium at this time. As expected high dietary potassium gave rise to high excretion of potassium in the urine which in turn was correlated with high excretion of magnesium. These various factors are likely to affect the incidence of metabolic disease.


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