scholarly journals Testing of germination of spruce, pine and larch seed after 10 years from collection

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 540-543
Author(s):  
I. Tomášková ◽  
J. Vítámvás ◽  
J. Korecký
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Germination Energy ◽  
Seed Ageing

:Germination capacity and germination energy are usually the most frequently used quantitative parameters of forest tree seed. With seed ageing both parameters decreased and the rate of the collapse is given by tree species, age of tree and its seed and biotic and abiotic factors. Relatively little attention has been paid to the age of seed. As it was found, the longevity of the main tree species remained relatively high, and spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karsten and pines (Pinus sylvestris L.) from the investigated areas across the Czech Republic maintained minimally one third of germination capacity or germination energy during the 10 years with the exception of larch (Larix decidua Mill.) where germination capacity decreased almost to zero after 10 years. Although the germination energy and germination capacity decreased significantly, it is possible to use the seed in the case of shortage of the seed of better quality.  

scholarly journals Influence of site conditions and silvicultural practice on the wood density of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) – a case study from the Doksy locality, Czech Republic

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 457-462
Author(s):  
Schönfelder Ondřej ◽  
Zeidler Aleš ◽  
Borůvka Vlastimil ◽  
Bílek Lukáš
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Regeneration Period ◽  
Coniferous Tree Species

After spruce, the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris Linnaeus) is the second most important commercial coniferous tree species in the Czech Republic. However, we are finding out that awareness of the variability of properties, and possibilities to affect them, are noticeably small for this type of tree species in our conditions. The goal of this study is to primarily evaluate the importance of site conditions, silvicultural measures and other factors for the density of Scots pine wood in the Doksy locality in the Czech Republic. The Doksy locality is represented by three forest stands with different silvicultural history. Samples were taken from each stand, the basal and central parts of which were subsequently processed for test samples with dimensions of 20 × 20 × 30 mm. Wood density at 12% moisture content was ascertained in the test samples. The highest density value of 0.541 g·cm<sup>–3</sup> was reached in a stand that is regenerated using the shelterwood method with long regeneration period, and the lowest density value of 0.488 g·cm<sup>–3</sup> was recorded in a stand that was regenerated using the clear-cutting method. From a forestry perspective, it can be further stated that the wood density of Scots pine is also affected by the site conditions and position of samples in the trunk.

scholarly journals Microsatellite analysis of genetic diversity in Czech populations of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-76
Author(s):  
Dagmar Zádrapová ◽  
Jiří Korecký ◽  
Jakub Dvořák ◽  
Zuzana Faltinová ◽  
Jan Bílý
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Primary Driver

Abstract European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is one of the most important broadleaved tree species in Europe both ecologically and economically. Nowadays, in the Czech Republic, beech is underrepresented in forest tree species composition, and there are tendencies to increase its proportion. When reintroducing beech, genetic variability, along with other factors, play a key role. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of ten selected indigenous beech populations across the Czech Republic. Two hundred and fifty individuals were genotyped on 21 polymorphic nuclear microsatellite markers, which were amplified using two newly assembled multiplexes. According to the results, observed heterozygosity (Ho ) among populations ranged from 0.595 to 0.654 and expected heterozygosity (He ) from 0.650 to 0.678. That is comparable with the findings in other European studies. The high discriminatory power of the assembled multiplexes was confirmed by calculating the Probability of Identity among both unrelated and related individuals. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) based on Nei's genetic distances revealed that there are genetic differences among populations resulting in three approximate clusters (geographically north, south-east, and south-west). Nevertheless, the results implicate that on a geographical scale of the Czech Republic, the distance is unlikely to be the primary driver of genetic differentiation.

scholarly journals Some aspects of alder decline along the Lužnice River

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Vyhlídková ◽  
D. Palovčíková ◽  
M. Rybníček ◽  
P. Čermák ◽  
L. Jankovský
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Biotic Factor ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Secondary Activation

Alder decline along watercourses is one of the marked manifestations of tree decline in the Czech Republic. Local decline of alder trees is documented in the Czech Republic for about 15 years. The aim of this paper is to evaluate causes of alder decline and assess health conditions of other species of riparian stands at 2 localities on the medium reach of the Lužnice River. Effects were studied of abiotic and biotic stressors on the health condition of tree species. No fungal pathogen was found in tissues of declining alders which would be present in all trees and which could be considered to be the main causal agent of the decline. Even an occurrence of the causal agent of alder decline named alder-Phytophthora has not been proved. Tree-ring analyses demonstrated decreasing trends of an increment in alders; however, an abiotic or biotic factor showing direct effects on the fluctuation of tree ring dimensions has not been positively determined. A marked role in the alder decline is demonstrated particularly by abiotic factors accompanied by the secondary activation of some pathogens. Generally, the phenomenon can be named as polyetiologic decline.

scholarly journals Economic Impact of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) production in the Czech Republic

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 297-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Pulkrab ◽  
M. Sloup ◽  
M. Zeman
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Production

The article addresses the issues of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) production in the Czech Republic (CR). Our analysis shows that the tree species can occupy 149,616&ndash;163,713 ha in the CR (with respect to ecological limits set by the Czech legislation). The potential economic effect expressed by the gross yield of forest production might be higher by 27&ndash;30 million EUR&middot;yr<sup>&ndash;1</sup>.&nbsp; The results of the analysis support the forest owners&rsquo; interest to extend Douglas-fir production in the CR, similarly like it has been extended systematically in all European countries where natural conditions allow. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Hydrological properties of bark of selected forest tree species. Part 2: Interspecific variability of bark water storage capacity

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-122
Author(s):  
Anna Ilek ◽  
Jarosław Kucza ◽  
Karolina Morkisz
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Water Storage Capacity ◽  
Forest Tree Species ◽  
Surface Development

AbstractThe subject of the present research is the water storage capacity of bark of seven forest tree species: Pinus sylvestris L., Larix decidua Mill., Abies alba Mill., Pinus sylvestris L., Quercus robur L., Betula pendula Ehrh. and Fagus sylvatica L. The aim of the research is to demonstrate differences in the formation of bark water storage capacity between species and to identify factors influencing the hydrological properties of bark. The maximum water storage capacity of bark was determined under laboratory conditions by performing a series of experiments simulating rainfall and by immersing bark samples in containers filled with water. After each single experiment, the bark samples were subjected to gravity filtration in a desiccator partially filled with water. The experiments lasted from 1084 to 1389 hours, depending on the bark sample. In all the studied species, bark sampled from the thinnest trees is characterized by the highest water storage capacity expressed in mm H2O · cm-3, while bark sampled from the thickest trees - by the lowest capacity. On the other hand, bark sampled from the thickest trees is characterized by the highest water storage capacity expressed in H2O · cm-2whereas bark from the thinnest trees - by the lowest capacity. In most species tested, as the tree thickness and thus the bark thickness and the coefficient of development of the interception surface of bark increase, the sorption properties of the bark decrease with bark depth, and the main role in water retention is played by the outer bark surface. The bark of European beech is an exception because of the smallest degree of surface development and because the dominant process is the absorption of water. When examining the hydrological properties of bark and calculating its parameters, one needs to take into account the actual surface of the bark of trees. Disregarding the actual bark surface may lead to significant errors in the interpretation of research results.

scholarly journals Electrical resistivity tomography: patterns in Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1262-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Bär ◽  
Monika Hamacher ◽  
Andrea Ganthaler ◽  
Adriano Losso ◽  
Stefan Mayr
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Strong Relation

Abstract Electrical resistivity (ER) tomography is a promising technique to minimally invasively study stems of living trees. It allows insights into xylem properties based on the cross-sectional distribution of ER that is governed by the wood’s electrical conductance. In this study, ER measurements were carried out on four forest tree species, Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris, to demonstrate interspecific, intraspecific and within-tree variation of ER tomograms. Further, ER patterns were linked to xylem moisture content (MC), electrolyte content and density obtained from wood core analyses. The ER patterns of both coniferous species, P. abies and P. sylvestris, were found to be more homogenous and concentric compared with the complex tomograms of angiosperms. However, the ER range of coniferous trees showed considerable intraspecific variation. Measurements near ground level showed pronounced effects on ER tomograms, highlighting the importance of the chosen measurement height. A strong relation between ER and wood density was found in F. sylvatica while ER patterns of conifers were mainly influenced by MC. Results demonstrate a high species specificity of ER tomograms and of respective influencing xylem traits. They underline the importance of reference measurements for a correct interpretation of ER studies.

Effects of shading and humus fertility on growth, competition, and ectomycorrhizal colonization of boreal forest tree seedlings

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2573-2586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Dehlin ◽  
Marie-Charlotte Nilsson ◽  
David A Wardle ◽  
Anna Shevtsova
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Colonization

We performed a pot experiment to study the effects of varying levels of vegetation shade and humus fertility, simulating natural conditions of the boreal forest, on growth, interspecific competition, and ectomycorrhizal colonization of seedlings of three coexisting tree species: Pinus sylvestris L., Picea abies (L.) Karst., and Betula pendula Roth. In contrast to late-successional Picea abies, early-successional species Pinus sylvestris and particularly B. pendula responded to shade with an increase in stem height and with some changes in biomass, especially in the high-fertility humus. Humus fertility had greater effects on biomass of seedlings than did shade treatments. Interspecific competition among pairwise combinations of the three species was greatest in the high-fertility humus, but was not affected by shade. Betula pendula was the strongest competitor among species; it was not affected by the presence of coexisting species and strongly suppressed coniferous seedlings, especially in the high-fertility humus. Generally, ectomycorrhizal colonization was not affected by shade treatments, but was highest in the low-fertility humus. These results show that effects of light, humus fertility, and presence of neighbours are species specific, and these differences are important for the competitive and recruitment abilities of seedlings of coexisting tree species and ultimately for the species composition of developing forests.

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