Signiﬁcance of Speciﬁcity of Tinetti B-poma Test and Fall Risk Factor in Third Age of Life

As for the third age, psychophysical abilities of humans gradually decrease, while the ability of adaptation to endogenous and exogenous burdens is going down. In 1987, "Harada" et al. (1) have found out that 9.5 million persons in USA have difficulties running daily activities, while 59% of them (which is 5.6 million) are older than 65 years in age. The study has encompassed 77 questioned persons of both sexes with their average age 71.73 +/- 5.63 (scope of 65-90 years in age), chosen by random sampling. Each patient has been questioned in his/her own home and familiar to great extent with the methodology and aims of the questionnaire. Percentage of questioned women was 64.94% (50 patients) while the percentage for men was 35.06% (27 patients). As for the value of risk factor score achieved conducting the questionnaire and B-POMA test, there are statistically significant differences between men and women, as well as between patients who fell and those who never did. As for the way of life (alone or in the community), there are no significant statistical differences. Average results gained through B-POMA test in this study are statistically significantly higher in men and patients who did not provide data about falling, while there was no statistically significant difference in the way of life. In relation to the percentage of maximum number of positive answers to particular questions, regarding gender, way of life and the data about falling, there were no statistically significant differences between the value of B-POMA test and the risk factor score (the questionnaire).

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Prevalence and outcome of young stroke patients with middle cerebral artery stenosis

BMC Neurology ◽

10.1186/s12883-021-02125-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wenjuan Xu ◽

Xiaoyu Zhang ◽

Huan Chen ◽

Zhangning Zhao ◽

Meijia Zhu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Factor Score ◽

Unfavorable Outcome ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Young Stroke ◽

Stroke In Young Adults ◽

Risk Factor Score ◽

Stroke In Young

Abstract Background Etiologies of acute ischemic stroke in young adults are heterogeneous. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis is a common finding in Asians which may be an important cause of stroke in young adults. However, studies of stroke in young Asian populations are rare. Our study was to investigate the prevalence and outcome of young stroke patients with MCA stenosis in Chinese populations. Methods Young patients with MCA territory infarction between January 2013 and September 2018 were retrospectively recruited. Subjects were defined as stenosis group (MCA stenosis ≥50%) and no-stenosis group (MCA stenosis<50% or no stenosis) by their MCA stenosis. For patients in stenosis group, they were categorized as uni-MCA stenosis subgroup and multiple stenosis subgroup. Demographic data, risk factors, imaging feature and complications were compared between groups. Prevalence of MCA stenosis and risk factor score (score ≥ 2 or 3) in different age groups were investigated. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used for evaluating functional outcome at discharge (unfavorable outcome: 3–6). Binary logistic regression was performed to determine independent risk factors of unfavorable outcome. Results Two hundred forty-nine young stroke patients were included in our study and 110 (44.2%) patients were defined as stenosis group. 55 (50%) patients were categorized as uni-MCA stenosis subgroup and 55 (50%) were multiple stenosis subgroup. The most common traditional vascular risk factors included hypertension, hyperlipemia, smoking, hyperhomocysteinemia and alcohol consumption. Prevalence of risk factor score ≥ 2 or 3 increased with age, but not incidence of MCA stenosis. By TOAST classification, the most common etiologies were large-artery atherosclerosis (41.0%) and small vessel disease (33.7%). Compared with no-stenosis group, patients in stenosis group were more likely to have large territorial infarct, develop complications and have unfavorable outcome. No significant difference was found between patients in uni-MCA stenosis and multiple stenosis subgroups except history of stroke/TIA, risk factor score ≥ 3 and silent infarct. By logistic regression, hypertension (OR = 3.561; 95%CI, 1.494 to 8.492; p = 0.004), NIHSS scores at admission (OR = 1.438; 95%CI, 1.276 to 1.620; p = 0,000) and infarct size (p = 0.015) independently predicted unfavorable outcome. Conclusions Forty-four point two percent young Chinese adults with MCA territory infarction had MCA stenosis. Prevalence of MCA stenosis did not increase with age. Patients with MCA stenosis had worse clinical outcome, however, only hypertension, NIHSS scores at admission and infarct size were independent predictors.

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Predicting COVID-19 Severity with a Specific Nucleocapsid Antibody plus Disease Risk Factor Score

mSphere ◽

10.1128/msphere.00203-21 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sanjana R. Sen ◽

Emily C. Sanders ◽

Kristin N. Gabriel ◽

Brian M. Miller ◽

Hariny M. Isoda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Factor Score ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Disease Risk Factor ◽

Disease States ◽

Wide Range ◽

Risk Factor Score ◽

Prognostic Prediction

ABSTRACT Effective methods for predicting COVID-19 disease trajectories are urgently needed. Here, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and coronavirus antigen microarray (COVAM) analysis mapped antibody epitopes in the plasma of COVID-19 patients (n = 86) experiencing a wide range of disease states. The experiments identified antibodies to a 21-residue epitope from nucleocapsid (termed Ep9) associated with severe disease, including admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), requirement for ventilators, or death. Importantly, anti-Ep9 antibodies can be detected within 6 days post-symptom onset and sometimes within 1 day. Furthermore, anti-Ep9 antibodies correlate with various comorbidities and hallmarks of immune hyperactivity. We introduce a simple-to-calculate, disease risk factor score to quantitate each patient’s comorbidities and age. For patients with anti-Ep9 antibodies, scores above 3.0 predict more severe disease outcomes with a 13.42 likelihood ratio (96.7% specificity). The results lay the groundwork for a new type of COVID-19 prognostic to allow early identification and triage of high-risk patients. Such information could guide more effective therapeutic intervention. IMPORTANCE The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over two million deaths worldwide. Despite efforts to fight the virus, the disease continues to overwhelm hospitals with severely ill patients. Diagnosis of COVID-19 is readily accomplished through a multitude of reliable testing platforms; however, prognostic prediction remains elusive. To this end, we identified a short epitope from the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein and also a disease risk factor score based upon comorbidities and age. The presence of antibodies specifically binding to this epitope plus a score cutoff can predict severe COVID-19 outcomes with 96.7% specificity.

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Trends in the co-occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors by education in Finland, 1997–2017

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz185.642 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

L Paalanen ◽

T Härkänen ◽

J Kontto ◽

H Tolonen

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Factor Score ◽

Cvd Risk Factors ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Education Group ◽

Educational Differences ◽

Risk Factor Score ◽

Education Groups ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background Understanding on sociodemographic variation of the co-occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors is crucial for planning public health policy and future prevention strategies. We aimed at examining 1) the co-occurrence of smoking, hypertension, elevated cholesterol and obesity by education, and 2) the trends in educational differences in the co-occurrence of these risk factors in Finland. Methods We used cross-sectional health examination surveys carried out every five years among the general adult population: for 1997-2012 the National FINRISK Study and for 2017 the FinHealth 2017 Survey. Respondents aged 25-64 years were included in the analyses (n = 25,036). Current smoking, obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2), hypertension (≥140/≥90 mmHg or medication) and elevated serum total cholesterol (≥5.0 mmol/l or medication) were used for the risk factor accumulation score with categories 1) zero, 2) one, 3) two, and 4) three or four elevated risk factors. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate predicted probabilities for each category. Results Overall, the risk factor score was more favourable among women than men, and among high education groups than low education groups in both sexes. The lowest risk factor score class became more prevalent in all education groups in both sexes over time. The change in educational differences was not significant. However, the intermediate education group approached the highest education group over time. Conclusions Our data indicate an overall transition towards a more favourable risk factor score in Finland, in 1997-2017. The score among the intermediate education group approached that among the highest education group. The tendency of risk factor accumulation among those with least education remained during the study period, which raises a need to develop and implement interventions and public health policies that would be effective in decreasing the risk factor burden particularly in this group. Key messages Overall, a favourable trend of diminishing risk factor prevalence was seen. The tendency of accumulation of major CVD risk factors among the least educated subjects remained from 1997 to 2017.

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Does a modifiable risk factor score predict disability worsening in people with multiple sclerosis?

Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental Translational and Clinical ◽

10.1177/2055217319881769 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 205521731988176

Author(s):

Claudia H Marck ◽

Zoe Aitken ◽

Steve Simpson ◽

Tracey J Weiland ◽

George A Jelinek

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Factor Score ◽

Modifiable Risk Factor ◽

Risk Factor Score

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Merging Yoga and Occupational Therapy to Improve Balance and Fall Risk Factor Management: A Pilot Study

American Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.5014/ajot.2016.70s1-rp103f ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 70 (4_Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 7011515237p1

Author(s):

Katie Hinsey ◽

Ruby Bolster ◽

Leslie Willis ◽

Arlene A. Schmid ◽

Marieke Van Puymbroeck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Occupational Therapy ◽

Fall Risk ◽

Risk Factor Management ◽

Fall Risk Factor

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Pharmacotherapy as a fall risk factor

Central European Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ◽

10.15452/cejnm.2018.09.0012 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 832-839 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ivana Bóriková ◽

Martina Tomagová ◽

Katarína Žiaková ◽

Michaela Miertová

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Fall Risk ◽

Fall Risk Factor

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Diet quality and cardiometabolic health in childhood: the Generation R Study

European Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1007/s00394-021-02673-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Noreen Z. Siddiqui ◽

Anh N. Nguyen ◽

Susana Santos ◽

Trudy Voortman

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Factor Score ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factor ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Risk Factor Score

Abstract Purpose Diet is an important determinant of cardiometabolic disease risk in adults. We aimed to study associations of diet quality with cardiometabolic health in school-age children. Methods This study was embedded in the Generation R Study a prospective population-based cohort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands and included 3991 children. Food intake was assessed with a Food-Frequency Questionnaire at age 8 years. A diet quality score (0–10) was calculated reflecting adherence to age-specific dietary guidelines. The following outcome variables were measured at age 10 years and used to create a continuous cardiometabolic risk factor score: body fat percentage, insulin, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Outcomes were expressed in age- and sex-specific standard deviation scores (SDS). Multivariable linear regression models were used to assess associations between the diet quality score and the cardiometabolic risk factor score and with the individual cardiometabolic risk factors. Results In models adjusted for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors and BMI, a higher diet quality was associated with a lower cardiometabolic risk factor score [− 0.08 per point higher diet score, (95% CI − 0.15, − 0.001)]. This association was mainly driven by associations of higher diet quality with lower systolic [− 0.04 SD (95% CI − 0.06, − 0.01)] and diastolic blood pressure [− 0.05 SD, (95% CI − 0.07, − 0.02)]. No statistically significant associations were found for insulin, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, or body fat percentage as individual factors. Conclusions We found an association between higher diet quality and better cardiometabolic health in childhood, mainly driven by a lower blood pressure. Further research is needed to explore associations of diet quality in childhood with long-term cardiometabolic health.

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