scholarly journals The Larval food-plants of Apochima diaphanaria ssp. rjabovi (Wehrli, 1936) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) and its new larval parasitoid Drino imberbis (Wiedemann, 1830) record

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kesran AKIN ◽  
Murat KÜRŞAT
Keyword(s):  
Food Plants ◽  
Larval Food ◽  
Larval Parasitoid ◽  
Drino Imberbis

scholarly journals Bees and Butterflies in Burned and Unburned Alvar Woodland: Evidence for the Importance of Postfire Succession to Insect Pollinator Diversity in an Imperiled Ecosystem

2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alana N. Taylor ◽  
Paul M. Catling
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Fire Frequency ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Larval Food ◽  
Nesting Sites ◽  
Pollinating Insects ◽  
Burned Site

The apparent importance of successional habitat to pollinating insects, specifically bees (Hymenoptera) and butterflies (Lepidoptera) was quantified in an alvar landscape in the Ottawa valley through a comparison of burned and unburned alvar woodland. The two adjacent habitats on the same successional gradient were sampled by sweeping with additional data from pitfall traps for bees and by direct observation with close focus binoculars and occasional verification through capture with a net for butterflies. The sampling was done during 11 visits in 2008 beginning 16 May and ending 13 September. Both bee and butterfly diversity were higher in the post-fire burned alvar woodland compared to the adjacent unburned woodland based on species richness, number of individuals and Brillouin’s Biodiversity Index which takes evenness and heterogeneity into account. No bees were captured in the unburned area, but 34 species and 201 individuals were captured in the burned site. The most abundant bee species was Augochlora aurata. Lepidoptera were represented in the burned site by 35 species and 408 individuals compared to 15 species and 21 individuals in the unburned woodland. The most common butterfly species in the burned woodland was Callophrys polios. The higher diversity of pollinators in the burned site was correlated with both higher vascular plant diversity and much higher cover and frequency values for insect-pollinated plants providing nectar and pollen including flowering shrubs such as Amelanchier alnifolia var. compacta, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi and Prunus virginiana. The burned site also provided more cover of larval food plants for butterflies and apparently more nesting sites for bees. We suggest that a decrease in fire frequency and in the availability of open successional habitats are contributing factors in the decline of pollinators, and that endangered ecosystems where fire has been a natural phenomenon may require fire or fire-simulated management to sustain their biodiversity.

Butterflies of Australia

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F Braby
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Larval Food ◽  
Educational Publishing ◽  
Butterfly Fauna ◽  
History Of ◽  
Outstanding Work ◽  
Reference Section

This outstanding work is the ultimate guide for the identification of Australia’s butterflies. Nearly 400 species – all those currently recognised from Australia, plus those from surrounding islands – are represented, with all adults and some immature stages displayed in stunning colour sections. Introductory chapters cover the history of publications, classification, morphology, distribution, conservation and collection, together with a checklist of the butterfly fauna. The body of the text is arranged systematically, providing a wealth of information including description, variation, similar behaviour, distribution and habitat, and major literature references, giving a comprehensive summary of the present state of knowledge of these insects. Appendices provide details of those species recorded from Australian islands outside the Australian faunal subregion, those protected by legislation, the larval food plants, and the attendant ants. Extensive references, a glossary and an index of scientific and common names complete the work. Joint Winner of the 2001 Whitley Medal. Finalist Scholarly Reference section - The Australian Awards for Excellence in Educational Publishing 2001.

Complete Field Guide to Butterflies of Australia

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F Braby
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Larval Food ◽  
Field Guide ◽  
The Family ◽  
Complete Field ◽  
Remote Islands ◽  
Scientific Name

This is the first complete field guide to all butterfly species on Australia’s mainland and its remote islands. Written by one of Australia's leading lepidopterists, it is stunningly illustrated with colour photographs of each of the 416 currently identified species. There is also a distribution map for each species on the Australian mainland. It covers the five major family groups: Hesperiidae, Paplionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae and Lycaenidae, as well as the family Riodinidae, which has but a single species in Australia. The introduction covers adult structure, classification, distribution and habitats, and life cycle and behaviour. This is followed by accounts of each of the 416 species, giving common name, scientific name, and other names (if any), as well as details of behaviour, habitat, status, and larval food plants. Accompanying each species is a distribution map, and photographs of the upperside and underside of both male and female specimens. The book also contains a checklist of all species, a list of entomological contacts, a glossary, a bibliography, an index of common names and an index of scientific names.

THE CANADIAN SPECIES OF THE TORTRICID GENUS PERONEA

1934 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. McDunnough
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Larval Food ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The North ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Female Genital

Forty-three species of the Tortricid genus Peronea are dealt with, comprising all the species known to occur in Canada at the present time and including practically all of the North American ones. Characters found in both the male and female genital organs have been used as a means of specific differentiation and there are eight sets of figures illustrating these organs. The range of variation in color and pattern of the individual species is briefly discussed and records of distribution and larval food-plants are given as far as present knowledge permits. Seven species new to science are described.

scholarly journals Veronica longifolia L. as an important initial larval food plant of Scarce Fritillary Euphydryas maturna (LINNAEUS, 1758) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae): the ecological uniqueness of populations from the Natura 2000 area “Dolina Biebrzy” (Biebrza Valley) in NE Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Sielezniew ◽  
Izabela Dziekańska
Keyword(s):  
Host Record ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Habitats Directive ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Larval Food ◽  
The North ◽  
Ne Poland ◽  
Ecological Uniqueness ◽  
Herbal Plants

Abstract The Euro-Siberian Scarce Fritillary Euphydryas maturna is considered a vulnerable species in the European Union and is listed in Annexes II and IV of the Habitats Directive. The butterfly shows a complex pattern of larval plant use throughout its range. In central Europe females oviposit on some trees and bushes, especially Fraxinus spp., on which hatched larvae spend their pre-diapause phase of development feeding gregariously in conspicuous webs. However, some herbal plants are also reported in the north and east. During a study performed in the Natura 2000 area “Dolina Biebrzy” (Biebrza Valley) in NE Poland we recorded populations showing a unique mixture of ecological characteristics. Both Fraxinus excelsior and Veronica longifolia were used as larval food plants before hibernation, and some local populations seemed to be completely dependent on the latter plant. Moreover, in the spring, at one site, we observed larvae feeding on Salix rosmarinifolia - the first host record for this plant species. The importance of our findings for conservation, as well as for the monitoring of the butterfly, is discussed.

scholarly journals New additions to the larval food plants of Sri Lankan butterflies (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 17731-17740
Author(s):  
Himesh Dilruwan Jayasinghe ◽  
Sarath Sanjeewa Rajapakshe ◽  
Tharindu Ranasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Larval Food ◽  
First Time

Larval food plants (LFPs) of Sri Lankan butterflies have been well documented recently with the aid of studies done by numerous researchers.  In this paper, we present further records, 118 LFPs used by 83 butterflies and 145 plant-butterfly combinations.  LFPs of Lethe dynsate and Potanthus pseudomaesa pseudomaesa are reported for the first time in Sri Lanka.  Important observations, possible LFPs and LFP preferences of rare and threatened butterfly species, are discussed.  This information on plant-butterfly interactions will play an important role in conservation management of both plant and butterfly species.

Some effects of temperature and larval food on the development of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lep., Noctuidae)

1974 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. B. Baker ◽  
G. W. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Larval Food ◽  
Daily Increments ◽  
Development Times ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
Duration Of Development

AbstractThe development of all stages of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) was studied in controlled-environment cabinets under a range of constant and cycling temperatures. Larvae were tested on three food plants; development was faster on lucerne than on two cultivars of chrysanthemum, Taffeta and Fred Shoesmith. The durations of each instar were similar in relation to larval life span, but at low temperatures and on chrysanthemum many larvae went through an extra instar. Late-instar larvae were nocturnal but larval development was little disturbed by a night-break lighting regime as used in the production of all-the-year-round (AYR) chrysanthemums, and only slightly more so by a reversed temperature cycle. The latter changed the daily pattern of moth emergence which otherwise occurred mostly when temperatures were highest or in the dark. The development results were used to estimate duration of development by summing (a) daily increments of development (100/duration of development), (b) day-degrees (for eggs 28·6 day°C above 14·8°C; for larvae on lucerne 266·1 day°C above 11·5°C, on chrysanthemum 257·1 day°C above 13°C, and above 13°C 177·1 day°C for male pupae and 153·5 day°C for female pupae). The estimates were compared with observed development times for all stages in an environment where temperatures fluctuated naturally. Both methods gave satisfactory estimates when development times were short, but temperature summation was less accurate when maximum temperatures fell close to base temperatures. It is concluded that summation of development increments would give a more consistently accurate account of the life-cycle of S. littoralis on AYR chrysanthemum under glass to enable development to be predicted or past events in the life-cycle to be dated. Tables of development increments against daily maximum and minimum temperatures are given for each stage. To estimate duration of development from these Tables, the daily percentage development corresponding to each day's maximum and minimum temperature is summed up to 100%. This gives an estimate of the median point of hatching or pupation.

scholarly journals Seasonal Diversity of Butterflies in the Fragmented Habitats of Waghai Botanical Garden of The Dangs - Gujarat

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Suchi Gandhi ◽  
Dolly Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Larval Food ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Extinction Events

Background: The world is currently undergoing a very rapid loss of butterfly biodiversity comparable with the great mass extinction events that have previously occurred only five or six times in the Earth’s history. This is an alarming call of these tiny scraps of biodiversity which now have scarce appearance surrounding the huge human kingdom.Objective: The richness of biodiversity depends on the climatic conditions and area of the region. The present research work focuses on studying butterflies diversity, their habitat preferences and seasonal distribution in structured plots of Waghai Botanical Garden.Method: For carrying out systematic study, Waghai Botanical Garden was fragmented into five sub habitats i.e. Dry & Moist Deciduous plot, Evergreen plot, Bamboo plot & Dang plot, Scrub Thorn Forest & Medicinal & Taxonomy plot. Intra-individual comparative abundance study for observed butterfly species within fragmented plots of Waghai botanical garden was carried out graphically to study the butterfly’s preference in the plots of botanical garden.Results: Out of 70 species, the maximum number of species i.e. 27 species were observed from family Nymphalidae, followed by 18 species from Lycaenidae, 15 species from Pieridae, Papilionidae with 7 species and 3 species from Hesperiidae.Conclusion: During post-monsoon season, highest total average rainfall of around 850 mm was observed in Waghai during monsoon, which provided excellent quality and quantity of larval food plants for the caterpillars and nectar rich flower source for adult butterflies in post-monsoon months. Thus maximum numbers of butterflies’ species were observed during the months of October & November.

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