scholarly journals Budgetary Impacts of Central Fiscal Transfers in India: Evidence from State Level Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasant Kumar Panda
Keyword(s):  
State Level ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Fiscal Transfers ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Level Data ◽  
State Tax ◽  
Affect States

The paper empirically examines the impacts of federal transfers on State tax efforts and expenditure taking into consideration a panel data set of 22 Indian States for the time-period 1980-81 to 2007-08. Dynamic panel equations are specified and system GMM estimation techniques are adopted to obtain the regression coefficients. The results suggest that federal transfers have adverse incentives on budgetary initiatives of States in mobilizing their own tax resources and regulating expenditure. Federal transfers as a whole adversely affect states Tax-GSDP ratio and per capita own tax revenues. Similarly, federal transfers have important influence on the size and pattern of States spending. All categories of States expenditure like revenue expenditure, capital disbursements and aggregate expenditure are stimulated by the large availability of Central transfers. Expenditure impact of transfers is more realised on revenue expenditure than capital disbursements. The author calls for review of existing design of transfers and criteria, proper assessment of non-plan revenue deficit grants, review of ratio of specific transfers to lump-sum transfers and increasing the scope of formula based transfers to handle adverse budgetary incentives of federal transfers.

Engagement Through the Diaspora Channel

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Danielson
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Municipal Level

The first empirical task is to identify the characteristics of municipalities which US-based migrants have come together to support financially. Using a nationwide, municipal-level data set compiled by the author, the chapter estimates several multivariate statistical models to compare municipalities that did not benefit from the 3x1 Program for Migrants with those that did, and seeks to explain variation in the number and value of 3x1 projects. The analysis shows that migrants are more likely to contribute where migrant civil society has become more deeply institutionalized at the state level and in places with longer histories as migrant-sending places. Furthermore, the results suggest that political factors are at play, as projects have disproportionately benefited states and municipalities where the PAN had a stronger presence, with fewer occurring elsewhere.

scholarly journals Managing Annual Accounting Reports to Avoid State Taxes: An Analysis of Property-Casualty Insurers

1999 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy R. Petroni ◽  
Douglas A. Shackelford
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
State Level ◽  
Income Shifting ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
State Tax ◽  
Total State ◽  
State Taxes ◽  
Accounting Reports

We hypothesize that, in their annual accounting reports, propertycasualty insurers allocate premiums from multistate policies to reduce total state taxes. To test this prediction, we exploit the industry's unique state tax disclosures. We examine firm-level data, collected from the publicly available, statutory reports filed with each state government. Reported premiums at the insurer-state level, scaled by incurred losses, are regressed on state tax measures. Consistent with tax-motivated income shifting, we find the premiumloss ratio is decreasing in state tax rates. The negative relation is greatest for insurers specializing in multistate lines of business.

scholarly journals WIC Eligibility and Participation: The Roles of Changing Policies, Economic Conditions, and Demographics

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A Swann
Keyword(s):  
State Level ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Medicaid Program ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Medicaid Expansions

Abstract This paper studies WIC eligibility and participation. These outcomes are related to economic conditions, Medicaid, cash welfare, and WIC policies, and demographic characteristics. The analysis uses state level data from 1983 to 2006, a period that covers significant expansion in the Medicaid program, the transition from AFDC to TANF, and significant changes in economic conditions. The results show that take-up has increased more than eligibility over this time period. Separating eligibility and participation is important because a number of state characteristics have opposite effects on these outcomes. Economic conditions, the Medicaid expansions, and immigration in the post-TANF period are shown to be associated with WIC eligibility and participation.

THE IMPACT OF BUSINESS CLIMATE, FOREIGN POPULATION AND UNEMPLOYMENT ON NEW VENTURE CREATION

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK HOELSCHER ◽  
BALASUBRAMANIAN ELANGO
Keyword(s):  
New Ventures ◽  
State Level ◽  
New Venture ◽  
New Venture Creation ◽  
Venture Creation ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Foreign Population ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Impact

This paper seeks to add to the literature on regional factors that drive development of new ventures. In particular, it investigates the effects of business climate, foreign population and unemployment on new venture creation. Using state level data from the time period 2003–2007, we find that while business climate and foreign population are positively related to new venture creation, unemployment is negatively related. Implications of this study for fostering entrepreneurship are discussed.

scholarly journals ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS FOR TOURISM DEMAND FUNCTION IN EGYPT A DYNAMIC PANEL DATA APPROACH

2018 ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed Said Soliman Faragalla
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Demand Function ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Lagged Dependent Variable

In this paper, the author investigates the tourism demand function using the dynamic panel data approach in the case of Egypt. The panel data set covers the time period between 1995 and 2014. The individuals are 49 countries as origin countries for tourists, representing 92% of the total tourist arrivals to Egypt. Explanatory variables which affect the tourism demand function were taken into account: lag of dependent variable that leads to dynamic panel data approach, using DIFF-GMM estimator proposed by Arellano and Bond (1991); also, many other explanatory variables like GDP per capita, relative price index, distance, and dummy variable which represent the political situation. One of the important and significant conclusions of the paper is the significant effect of the lagged dependent variable (0.493), which may be explained as “Word of Mouth” to tourists’ decision when choosing the destination.

scholarly journals America's Graduation from High School: The Evolution and Spread of Secondary Schooling in the Twentieth Century

1998 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Goldin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High School ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Secondary Schooling ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Manufacturing Activity

Secondary-school enrollment and graduation rates increased spectacularly in much of the United States from 1910 to 1940; the advance was particularly rapid from 1920 to 1935 in the nonsouthern states. This increase was uniquely American; no other nation underwent an equivalent change for several decades. States that rapidly expanded their high school enrollments early in the period had greater wealth, more homogeneity of wealth, and less manufacturing activity than others. Factors prompting the expansion include the substantial returns to education early in the century and a responsive “state.” This work is based on a newly constructed state-level data set.

Evolving Consumption Patterns in the U.S. Alcohol Market: Disaggregated Spatial Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarrett Hart ◽  
Julian M. Alston
Keyword(s):  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Regional Patterns ◽  
Beverage Consumption ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Level Data

AbstractGlobal consumption patterns for alcoholic beverages are evolving, with some convergence in per capita consumption among nations as traditionally beer-drinking nations increase their consumption of wine and, conversely, wine-consuming nations shift towards beer. This article explores regional patterns of alcoholic beverage consumption within the United States. One purpose is to see if similar patterns of spatial convergence in consumption patterns can be observed within countries as have been documented in international comparisons. A more fundamental purpose is to explore the converse question and seek to better understand the persistent differences in alcoholic beverage consumption among groups. These issues are addressed using annual U.S. national and state-level data over four decades and, for the more recent period, supermarket scanner data at finer scales of geopolitical aggregation. Socioeconomic and other demographic variables appear to play significant roles in accounting for the spatial differences in consumption patterns, although the details vary across different models and data sets. The analysis of demand using less-aggregative data for a shorter time period reveals some shortcomings in the corresponding analysis based on state-level data over a longer time period, but with poorly measured prices. These findings might extrapolate to studies making international comparisons using national aggregate data. (JEL Classifications: D12, L66)

scholarly journals Economic disparities and suicides: The dynamic panel data analyses of 50 states in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 020-029
Author(s):  
Swan Bruce Q
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Effect Estimation

The economic inequalities associated with suicide risks among 50 states in the United States were identified in this paper to form the dynamic panel data set from 1981 to 2016. The effects of growing income inequalities on suicides in the Unites States were estimated using the Arellano–Bond method. This paper is the first to associate the social inequalities with suicides using the state-level dynamic panel data in America. It is found that the change of unemployment rates significantly and positively impact the changes of the overall suicides rates, female and male suicides rates. The changes of Top 10% income index are uniformly positive to the change of female, male and overall state-level suicide rates. The Gini index has positive correspondence within the overall and female groups, along with the insignificantly vague evidence within the male groups. The potential endogeneity problem inferring from the fixed effect estimation has been also investigated accordingly. JEL Classification: A13, A14, I18.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document