MicroCT protocols for scanning egg capsules of Hexaplex trunculus v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Chatzinikolaou ◽  
Kleoniki Keklikoglou
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Gastropod Species ◽  
Egg Capsules ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Hexaplex Trunculus

Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a high-resolution 3D-imaging technique which is now increasingly applied in biological studies focusing on taxonomy and functional morphology. The creation of virtual representations of specimens can increase availability of otherwise underexploited and inaccessible samples. This protocol aims to standardise micro-CT scanning procedures for the egg capsules of the marine gastropod species Hexaplex trunculus.

MicroCT protocols for scanning of embryos and juvenile Hexaplex trunculus v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Chatzinikolaou ◽  
Kleoniki Keklikoglou
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Gastropod Species ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Hexaplex Trunculus

Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a high-resolution 3D-imaging technique which is now increasingly applied in biological studies focusing on taxonomy and functional morphology. The creation of virtual representations of specimens can increase availability of otherwise underexploited and inaccessible samples. This protocol aims to standardise micro-CT scanning procedures for embryos and juveniles of the marine gastropod species Hexaplex trunculus.

scholarly journals Micro-CT protocols for scanning and 3D analysis of Hexaplex trunculus during its different life stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Chatzinikolaou ◽  
Kleoniki Keklikoglou
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Egg Capsules ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Hexaplex Trunculus ◽  
Visualisation Technique

Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a high-resolution 3D-imaging technique which is now increasingly applied in biological studies focusing on taxonomy and functional morphology. The creation of virtual representations of specimens can increase availability of otherwise underexploited and inaccessible samples. The 3D model dataset can be also further processed through volume rendering and morphometric analysis. The success of micro-CT as a visualisation technique depends on several methodological manipulations, including the use of contrast enhancing staining agents, filters, scanning mediums, containers, exposure time and frame averaging. The aim of this study was to standardise a series of micro-CT scanning and 3D analysis protocols for a marine gastropod species, Hexaplex trunculus. The analytical protocols have followed all the developmental stages of this gastropod, from egg capsules and embryos to juveniles and adults.

The endocranial anatomy of Gogonasus andrewsae Long, 1985 revealed through micro CT-scanning

2014 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Holland
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
New Research ◽  
Nasal Capsule

ABSTRACTMicro computed tomography has revealed as yet undescribed internal braincase anatomy of the tetrapodomorph fish Gogonasus andrewsae from the Frasnian Gogo Formation, Paddy's Valley, Kimberley Region, Western Australia. The complete material, including the cranial cavities and channels for blood vessels and nerves, reveals several notable features inside the endocranium. The ethmosphenoid unit includes a median capsule, which lies underneath the median postrostral and rostral series. Based on innervation and association with cutaneous vessels, potential electroreceptive function is inferred for this capsule. Several regions of poor ossification, including foramina for the glossopharyngeal and abducens nerves, as well as the apparent suture separating the ethmoid from the sphenoid portions of the braincase, are possibly indicative of early ontogenetic features. Former interpretations of the course for the superficial ophthalmic nerve inside the nasal capsule of Osteolepis and Gyroptychius may be incorrect, with new research supporting a path through the nasal septum, as in Gogonasus.

scholarly journals A Nondestructive Method of Measuring Zebrafish Adipose Tissue Based on Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10510
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Guangxin Wang ◽  
Yuan Xiao ◽  
Yanxia Zuo ◽  
Fang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Scanning Method

Due to problems such as unbalanced intake of nutrients or excessive intake of energy, cultured fish accumulate fat in places such as the abdominal cavity, liver, and muscle, resulting in fatty liver, reducing the quality of fish meat, and even causing many fish deaths, resulting in losses to aquaculture production. Therefore, research on lipid metabolism in fish is important and has attracted increasing attention. The detection of fish body fat distribution and content is a key to such research. The existing methods for detecting fat distribution and content in fish have limitations, such as cumbersome procedures and damage to fish tissues, and thus, is imperative to develop a simple, fast, nondestructive fat detection technology. Taking zebrafish as the research material, this study established an imaging technology for the rapid and nondestructive detection of the fat distribution and content of fish by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), optimized the fat CT-scanning method, determined the steps of fat quantitation in the CTAn data processing software, and constructed a three-dimensional (3D) model of zebrafish adipose tissue. This technology reveals the distribution of fish adipose tissue in an all-round way, and thus, it will play an important role in the study of lipid metabolism in fish.

scholarly journals Presence of voids after three obturation techniques in band‐shaped isthmuses: a micro‐computed tomography study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zhang ◽  
Keyong Yuan ◽  
Qiaoqiao Jin ◽  
Fen Zhao ◽  
Zhengwei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Void Volumes

Abstract Background The objective of the present micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) study was to assess the presence of voids in band-shaped isthmuses obturated using three different filling techniques. Methods Twenty-four artificial molar teeth with a band-shaped isthmus were allocated to three groups (n = 8) for obturation, according to the filling technique: single-cone (SC), continuous wave of condensation (CWC) or lateral condensation (LC). Obturation was performed with gutta-percha (GP) cones and iRoot SP (Innovative Bioceramix, Vancouver, Canada). Post-filling micro-CT scanning was performed. The percentage of filling materials and void volumes were calculated in the isthmus areas and data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results The mean percentage of void volumes and corresponding filling percentages in the isthmus areas after obturation in the SC groups was 22.98 % ± 1.19 %, 77.02 % ± 1.19 %; in the CWC groups 10.46 % ± 2.28 %, 89.54 % ± 2.28 %; and in the LC groups was 13.14 % ± 1.85 %, 86.86 % ± 1.85 %, respectively. Conclusions In band-shaped isthmus area, the obturation quality of CWC was superior to SC and LC techniques.

scholarly journals Using micro-computed tomography to examine the larynx in cases of suspected strangulation—a comparison of case findings and control images

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 1441-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waltraud Baier ◽  
Brian A. Burnett ◽  
Mark Payne ◽  
Jason M. Warnett ◽  
Mark A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Forensic Pathology ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Donor Group ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
And Control

Abstract The examination of strangulation is one of the most challenging causes of death diagnoses encountered in forensic pathology. The injuries are often subtle and difficult to detect, especially in cases that lack superficial marks. Fractures of the laryngeal skeleton are commonly regarded as evidence of strangulation but these can be too subtle to be detected during autopsy. Micro-CT is a novel imaging technique that achieves a spatial resolution 1 μm or less which lends itself to the examination of small and delicate structures such as the larynx. However, there is little information to date regarding the appearance of the larynx at this scale, thus complicating the interpretation of the micro-CT images. This study therefore uses micro-CT to examine ten larynges from strangulation deaths and to compare them to nineteen samples from donor individuals in order to distinguish between naturally occurring features and actual trauma. It was found that there are several features which mimic damage in the donor group. Using associated case information, initial trends and patterns of different strangulation methods were established.

scholarly journals How biocompatible haemodialysers can conquer the need for systemic anticoagulation even in post-dilution haemodiafiltration: a cross-over study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floris Vanommeslaeghe ◽  
Iván Josipovic ◽  
Matthieu Boone ◽  
Arjan van der Tol ◽  
Annemie Dhondt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Scanning Technique ◽  
Half Dose ◽  
Systemic Anticoagulation

Abstract Background While systemic anticoagulation is most widely used in haemodialysis (HD), contraindications to its use might occur in particular settings. The Solacea™ haemodialyser with an asymmetric triacetate membrane claims improved biocompatibility and has already shown promising results when used in combination with only half dose of anticoagulation. To quantify the performance of the Solacea™ when further decreasing anticoagulation to zero, fibre blocking was assessed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Methods Ten maintenance HD patients underwent six dialysis sessions at midweek using a Solacea™ 19H dialyser, consecutively in pre-dilution haemodiafiltration (pre-HDF), HD and post-dilution HDF (post-HDF). After the first three sessions with only a quarter of their regular anticoagulation dose (one-quarter), the last three sessions were performed without anticoagulation (zero). Dialyser fibre blocking was quantified in the dialyser outlet potting using a 3D micro-CT scanning technique post-dialysis. Results Even in case of reduced (one-quarter) anticoagulation, the relative number of open fibres post-dialysis was almost optimal, i.e. 0.96 (0.87–0.99) with pre-HDF, 0.99 (0.97–0.99) with HD and 0.97 (0.92–0.99) with post-HDF. Fibre patency was mildly decreased for pre-HDF and HD when anticoagulation was decreased from one-quarter to zero, i.e. to 0.76 (0.61–0.85) with pre-HDF (P = 0.004) and to 0.80 (0.77–0.89) with HD (P = 0.013). Comparing the results for zero anticoagulation, post-HDF [i.e. 0.94 (0.82–0.97)] performed as well as HD and pre-HDF. Conclusions The Solacea™ dialyser provides promising results for use in conditions where systemic anticoagulation is contraindicated. Post-HDF, although inducing haemoconcentration in the dialyser, is equally effective for fibre patency in case of zero anticoagulation as pre-HDF and HD when using Solacea™.

scholarly journals Exploring the use of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) in the taxonomy of sea cucumbers: a case-study on the gravel sea cucumber Neopentadactyla mixta (Östergren, 1898) (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea, Phyllophoridae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1054 ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
Yves Samyn ◽  
Gontran Sonet ◽  
Cedric d'Udekem d'Acoz
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Integrative Study ◽  
Calcareous Ring

Sea cucumber taxonomy and systematics has in the past heavily relied on gross external and internal anatomy, ossicle assemblage in different tissues, and molecular characterisation, with coloration, habitat, and geographical and bathymethric distribution also considered important parameters. In the present paper, we made these observations and techniques in detail and complemented them with the novel technique of micro-computed tomography of the calcareous ring. We investigated a single European species, the so-called gravel sea cucumber, Neopentadactyla mixta (Östergren, 1898), using recently collected material from the Chausey Islands, Normandy, France. We redescribed the species, illustrated its ossicle assemblage through scanning electron microscopy, and visualised the calcareous ring through stacking photography and through micro-CT scanning. Additionally, a DNA fragment of 955 base pairs of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene was sequenced from one specimen, which showed a high similarity with the only sequence of N. mixta publicly available. We completed this integrative study by providing a detailed distribution of the occurrence of N. mixta based on published, verifiable accounts.

scholarly journals Micro computed tomography evaluation of Invisalign aligner thickness homogeneity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Mantovani ◽  
Simone Parrini ◽  
Emanuele Coda ◽  
Giovanni Cugliari ◽  
Nicola Scotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Multiplanar Reconstructions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Molar Region

ABSTRACT Objectives To measure the thickness homogeneity of Invisalign (Align Technology Inc, San José, Calif) aligners with micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scans. Materials and Methods Starting from micro-CT scanning of 20 different aligners, multiplanar reconstructions were obtained. An orthodontist blinded about the study measured aligner thickness in different regions (molar, canine, incisor) and in different sites (gingival–buccal, buccal, occlusal, lingual, and gingival–lingual). To assess various thicknesses in different aligner sites and regions, the sample was stratified into subgroups and linear regression analysis was performed. Results Descriptive analysis showed that mean thickness of aligners in the incisor region ranged from 0.582 mm to 0.639 mm, in the canine region from 0.569 mm to 0.644 mm, and in the molar region from 0.566 mm to 0.634 mm. Student's t-tests showed no significant differences in the aligner thickness of different regions when data were stratified by different sites. Student's t-tests showed significant differences in thickness homogeneity for the molar region when the data were stratified by tooth (mean difference = 0.068 mm; 95% confidence interval, 0.009–0.126 mm; P = .024). Conclusions Invisalign aligner thickness is characterized by small differences. The only significant difference was revealed in the molar region where thickness of the gingival–lingual edge is significantly thinner than that measured at the occlusal aspect. From a clinical perspective, the results of the present study could be considered to explain the reduced predictability of several orthodontic tooth movements in the molar region.

Morphology and Affinities of Ampelocissites Seeds (Vitaceae: Ampelopsis clade) from the Paleogene of Texas, USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-482
Author(s):  
Steven R. Manchester
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fossil Seeds ◽  
Fossil Genus

Abstract—The type material on which the fossil genus name Ampelocissites was established in 1929 has been reexamined with the aid of X-ray micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) scanning and compared with seeds of extant taxa to assess the relationships of these fossils within the grape family, Vitaceae. The specimens were collected from a sandstone of late Paleocene or early Eocene age. Although originally inferred by Berry to be intermediate in morphology between Ampelocissus and Vitis, the newly revealed details of seed morphology indicate that these seeds represent instead the Ampelopsis clade. Digital cross sections show that the seed coat maintains its thickness over the external surfaces, but diminishes quickly in the ventral infolds. This feature, along with the elliptical chalaza and lack of an apical groove, indicate that Ampelocissites lytlensis Berry probably represents Ampelopsis or Nekemias (rather than Ampelocissus or Vitis) and that the generic name Ampelocissites may be useful for fossil seeds with morphology consistent with the Ampelopsis clade that lack sufficient characters to specify placement within one of these extant genera.

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