MicroCT protocols for scanning of embryos and juvenile Hexaplex trunculus v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Chatzinikolaou ◽  
Kleoniki Keklikoglou
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Gastropod Species ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Hexaplex Trunculus

Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a high-resolution 3D-imaging technique which is now increasingly applied in biological studies focusing on taxonomy and functional morphology. The creation of virtual representations of specimens can increase availability of otherwise underexploited and inaccessible samples. This protocol aims to standardise micro-CT scanning procedures for embryos and juveniles of the marine gastropod species Hexaplex trunculus.

MicroCT protocols for scanning egg capsules of Hexaplex trunculus v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Chatzinikolaou ◽  
Kleoniki Keklikoglou
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Gastropod Species ◽  
Egg Capsules ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Hexaplex Trunculus

Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a high-resolution 3D-imaging technique which is now increasingly applied in biological studies focusing on taxonomy and functional morphology. The creation of virtual representations of specimens can increase availability of otherwise underexploited and inaccessible samples. This protocol aims to standardise micro-CT scanning procedures for the egg capsules of the marine gastropod species Hexaplex trunculus.

scholarly journals Micro-CT protocols for scanning and 3D analysis of Hexaplex trunculus during its different life stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Chatzinikolaou ◽  
Kleoniki Keklikoglou
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Egg Capsules ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Hexaplex Trunculus ◽  
Visualisation Technique

Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a high-resolution 3D-imaging technique which is now increasingly applied in biological studies focusing on taxonomy and functional morphology. The creation of virtual representations of specimens can increase availability of otherwise underexploited and inaccessible samples. The 3D model dataset can be also further processed through volume rendering and morphometric analysis. The success of micro-CT as a visualisation technique depends on several methodological manipulations, including the use of contrast enhancing staining agents, filters, scanning mediums, containers, exposure time and frame averaging. The aim of this study was to standardise a series of micro-CT scanning and 3D analysis protocols for a marine gastropod species, Hexaplex trunculus. The analytical protocols have followed all the developmental stages of this gastropod, from egg capsules and embryos to juveniles and adults.

The endocranial anatomy of Gogonasus andrewsae Long, 1985 revealed through micro CT-scanning

2014 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Holland
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
New Research ◽  
Nasal Capsule

ABSTRACTMicro computed tomography has revealed as yet undescribed internal braincase anatomy of the tetrapodomorph fish Gogonasus andrewsae from the Frasnian Gogo Formation, Paddy's Valley, Kimberley Region, Western Australia. The complete material, including the cranial cavities and channels for blood vessels and nerves, reveals several notable features inside the endocranium. The ethmosphenoid unit includes a median capsule, which lies underneath the median postrostral and rostral series. Based on innervation and association with cutaneous vessels, potential electroreceptive function is inferred for this capsule. Several regions of poor ossification, including foramina for the glossopharyngeal and abducens nerves, as well as the apparent suture separating the ethmoid from the sphenoid portions of the braincase, are possibly indicative of early ontogenetic features. Former interpretations of the course for the superficial ophthalmic nerve inside the nasal capsule of Osteolepis and Gyroptychius may be incorrect, with new research supporting a path through the nasal septum, as in Gogonasus.

scholarly journals A combinatorial method to visualize the neuronal network in the mouse spinal cord: combination of a modified Golgi-Cox method and synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyuan Jiang ◽  
Yong Cao ◽  
Xianzhen Yin ◽  
Shuangfei Ni ◽  
Miao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Neuronal Network ◽  
3D Imaging ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Combinatorial Method ◽  
The Impact

AbstractExploring the three-dimensional (3D) morphology of neurons is essential to understanding spinal cord function and associated diseases comprehensively. However, 3D imaging of the neuronal network in the broad region of the spinal cord at cellular resolution remains a challenge in the field of neuroscience. In this study, to obtain high-resolution 3D imaging of a detailed neuronal network in the mass of the spinal cord, the combination of synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SRμCT) and the Golgi-cox staining were used. We optimized the Golgi-Cox method (GCM) and developed a modified GCM (M-GCM), which improved background staining, reduced the number of artefacts, and diminished the impact of incomplete vasculature compared to the current GCM. Moreover, we achieved high-resolution 3D imaging of the detailed neuronal network in the spinal cord through the combination of SRμCT and M-GCM. Our results showed that the M-GCM increased the contrast between the neuronal structure and its surrounding extracellular matrix. Compared to the GCM, the M-GCM also diminished the impact of the artefacts and incomplete vasculature on the 3D image. Additionally, the 3D neuronal architecture was successfully quantified using a combination of SRμCT and M-GCM. The SRμCT was shown to be a valuable non-destructive tool for 3D visualization of the neuronal network in the broad 3D region of the spinal cord. Such a combinatorial method will, therefore, transform the presentation of Golgi staining from 2 to 3D, providing significant improvements in the 3D rendering of the neuronal network.

scholarly journals A Nondestructive Method of Measuring Zebrafish Adipose Tissue Based on Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10510
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Guangxin Wang ◽  
Yuan Xiao ◽  
Yanxia Zuo ◽  
Fang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Scanning Method

Due to problems such as unbalanced intake of nutrients or excessive intake of energy, cultured fish accumulate fat in places such as the abdominal cavity, liver, and muscle, resulting in fatty liver, reducing the quality of fish meat, and even causing many fish deaths, resulting in losses to aquaculture production. Therefore, research on lipid metabolism in fish is important and has attracted increasing attention. The detection of fish body fat distribution and content is a key to such research. The existing methods for detecting fat distribution and content in fish have limitations, such as cumbersome procedures and damage to fish tissues, and thus, is imperative to develop a simple, fast, nondestructive fat detection technology. Taking zebrafish as the research material, this study established an imaging technology for the rapid and nondestructive detection of the fat distribution and content of fish by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), optimized the fat CT-scanning method, determined the steps of fat quantitation in the CTAn data processing software, and constructed a three-dimensional (3D) model of zebrafish adipose tissue. This technology reveals the distribution of fish adipose tissue in an all-round way, and thus, it will play an important role in the study of lipid metabolism in fish.

The Location and Incidence of Patent Accessory Pulpal Canals in Permanent Molars with Periodontal Lesion by Using Micro-Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
Dima Chouchi ◽  
Atilla Berberoğlu ◽  
Kaan Orhan ◽  
Ilker Etikan ◽  
Hayriye Tümer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Periodontal Therapy ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Similar Region ◽  
Permanent Molars

Objective: In this study, the event of patent accessory pulpal canals situated in periodontal pockets has been resolved to utilize the micro-CT method. Methods: Fifty-seven extracted permanent human teeth were utilized to examine the commonness, location, and diameter of the patent accessory canals that are opening outside toward the periodontal pocket by utilizing micro-CT and high-resolution desktop. Results: Through 57 molars 6 (10.25%) were accessible with patent accessory, canals inside furcation area, of root, 49 (85%) were accessible with patent accessory canals inside the mesial and distal buccal root, and 28 (49.1%) were accessible with patent accessory, canals inside the palatal/lingual root. A measurably critical variety was found alongside the nearness of patent accessory trench in various roots and pocket depth at a similar region of the nearness waterway just as the nearness of these canals and connection misfortune in this region. Conclusions: Progression of periodontal pocket might be responsible for opening accessory canal and cause pulp pathosis, making successful periodontal therapy difficult.

scholarly journals Large-scale quantification of human osteocyte lacunar morphological biomarkers as assessed by ultra-high-resolution desktop micro-computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliott Goff ◽  
Federica Buccino ◽  
Chiara Bregoli ◽  
Jonathan P. McKinley ◽  
Basil Aeppli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Osteocyte Lacunae ◽  
Bone Biopsies ◽  
Positive Rate

ABSTRACTUltra-high-resolution imaging of the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network (LCN) three-dimensionally (3D) in a high-throughput fashion has greatly improved the morphological knowledge about the constituent structures – positioning them as potential biomarkers. Technologies such as serial focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CLSM) can image in extremely high resolution, yet only capture a small number of lacunae. Synchrotron radiation computed tomography (SR-CT) can image with both high resolution and high throughput but has a limited availability. Desktop micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) provides an attractive balance: high-throughput imaging on the micron level without the restrictions of SR-CT availability. Over the past decade, desktop micro-CT has been used to image osteocyte lacunae in a variety of animals, yet few studies have employed it to image human lacunae using clinical biopsies.In this study, accuracy, precision, and sensitivity of large-scale quantification of human osteocyte lacunar morphometries were assessed by ultra-high-resolution desktop micro-computed tomography. For this purpose, thirty-one transiliac human bone biopsies containing trabecular and cortical regions were imaged using ultra-high-resolution desktop micro-CT at a nominal isotropic voxel resolution of 1.2µm. The resulting 3D images were segmented, component labeled, and the following morphometric parameters of 7.71 million lacunae were measured: Lacunar number (Lc.N), density (Lc.N/BV), porosity (Lc.TV/BV), volume (Lc.V), surface area (Lc.S), surface area to volume ratio (Lc.S/Lc.V), stretch (Lc.St), oblateness (Lc.Ob), sphericity (Lc.Sr), equancy (Lc.Eq), and angle (Lc.θ).Accuracy was quantified by comparing automated lacunar segmentation to manual segmentation. Mean true positive rate (TPR), false positive rate (FPR), and false negative rate (FNR) were 89.0%, 3.4%, and 11.0%, respectively. Regarding the reproducibility of lacunar morphometry from repeated measurements, precision errors were low (0.2 – 3.0%) and intraclass correlation coefficients were high (0.960 – 0.999). Significant differences between cortical and trabecular regions (p<0.001) existed for Lc.N/BV, Lc.TV/BV, local lacunar surface area (<Lc.S>), and local lacunar volume (<Lc.V>), all of which demonstrate the sensitivity of the method and are possible biomarker candidates. This study provides the rigorous foundation required for future large-scale morphometric studies using ultra-high-resolution desktop micro-CT and high-throughput analysis of millions of osteocyte lacunae in human bone samples. Furthermore, the validation of this technology for imaging of human lacunar properties establishes the quality and reliability required for the accurate, precise, and sensitive assessment of osteocyte morphometry in clinical bone biopsies.

scholarly journals Presence of voids after three obturation techniques in band‐shaped isthmuses: a micro‐computed tomography study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zhang ◽  
Keyong Yuan ◽  
Qiaoqiao Jin ◽  
Fen Zhao ◽  
Zhengwei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Filling Materials ◽  
Gutta Percha ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Void Volumes

Abstract Background The objective of the present micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) study was to assess the presence of voids in band-shaped isthmuses obturated using three different filling techniques. Methods Twenty-four artificial molar teeth with a band-shaped isthmus were allocated to three groups (n = 8) for obturation, according to the filling technique: single-cone (SC), continuous wave of condensation (CWC) or lateral condensation (LC). Obturation was performed with gutta-percha (GP) cones and iRoot SP (Innovative Bioceramix, Vancouver, Canada). Post-filling micro-CT scanning was performed. The percentage of filling materials and void volumes were calculated in the isthmus areas and data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. Results The mean percentage of void volumes and corresponding filling percentages in the isthmus areas after obturation in the SC groups was 22.98 % ± 1.19 %, 77.02 % ± 1.19 %; in the CWC groups 10.46 % ± 2.28 %, 89.54 % ± 2.28 %; and in the LC groups was 13.14 % ± 1.85 %, 86.86 % ± 1.85 %, respectively. Conclusions In band-shaped isthmus area, the obturation quality of CWC was superior to SC and LC techniques.

scholarly journals Using micro-computed tomography to examine the larynx in cases of suspected strangulation—a comparison of case findings and control images

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 1441-1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waltraud Baier ◽  
Brian A. Burnett ◽  
Mark Payne ◽  
Jason M. Warnett ◽  
Mark A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Forensic Pathology ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Donor Group ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
And Control

Abstract The examination of strangulation is one of the most challenging causes of death diagnoses encountered in forensic pathology. The injuries are often subtle and difficult to detect, especially in cases that lack superficial marks. Fractures of the laryngeal skeleton are commonly regarded as evidence of strangulation but these can be too subtle to be detected during autopsy. Micro-CT is a novel imaging technique that achieves a spatial resolution 1 μm or less which lends itself to the examination of small and delicate structures such as the larynx. However, there is little information to date regarding the appearance of the larynx at this scale, thus complicating the interpretation of the micro-CT images. This study therefore uses micro-CT to examine ten larynges from strangulation deaths and to compare them to nineteen samples from donor individuals in order to distinguish between naturally occurring features and actual trauma. It was found that there are several features which mimic damage in the donor group. Using associated case information, initial trends and patterns of different strangulation methods were established.

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