The Characteristic of Obesity Intervention Studies Among School Children in Malaysia: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
NORHASNIZA YAACOB ◽  
RUZITA ABD TALIB ◽  
AMIRAH ISMAIL ◽  
MOHD IZWAN MAHMUD
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Obesity Intervention

A Scoping Review of Interventions Aimed at Improving Knowledge, Detection Practices and Management of Dementia among Health Professionals (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Krishna Prasad Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Improving Health Care

BACKGROUND Health professionals (HPs) play a key role in dementia management and detection. However, there is a gap in the literature as to what represents best practice with regard to educating HPs to improve their dementia detection practices and management. OBJECTIVE The objective of this scoping review is to synthesize the aggregated studies aimed at improving health care knowledge, detection practices and management of dementia among HPs. METHODS We searched electronically published relevant articles with inclusion criteria; (1) intervention studies aimed at improving HPs practices concerning dementia care and (2) educational interventions focused on nurses and doctors’ knowledge, detection practice and management of dementia. Twenty-five articles fit the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Collaborative programs of practice based workshops, interactive learning activities with community and multi-faced educational program were the most effective. CONCLUSIONS HPs should be supported to improve their knowledge, tackle behavioural problems associated with dementia, be made aware of services and be enabled to engage in more early diagnosis. CLINICALTRIAL no applicable

scholarly journals Mapping the Study Characteristics and Topics of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Research Literature: A Scoping Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-522
Author(s):  
Emiko Kamitani ◽  
Yuko Mizuno ◽  
Megan Wichser ◽  
Adebukola H. Adegbite ◽  
Julia B. DeLuca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Prep Awareness ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Since WHO released the first PrEP guidance in 2012, the PrEP research literature has rapidly increased, but PrEP uptake is still low. To identify research gaps, this scoping review describes study characteristics, identifies populations, and maps study topics in PrEP publications. We identified 561 PrEP primary studies published in English between 2006 and 2018. The most commonly used study design was cross-sectional. Almost half of studies were conducted in non-U.S. countries and focused on men who have sex with men. We mapped study topics using five categories. The most studied category was Potential PrEP user/prescriber (41.3%) followed by Considerations while on PrEP (28.2%), PrEP efficacy and safety (20.9%), Cost-effectiveness or economic evaluation (5.2%), and Methods of and experiences with PrEP clinical trials (4.2%). Although the PrEP literature has dramatically increased, some research areas (e.g., PrEP awareness in non-U.S. countries, intervention studies to promote PrEP use) and populations (e.g., Black women) are still understudied.

scholarly journals The dynamics of appraisal: a review of 20 years of research using the Fortitude Questionnaire

2020 ◽  
pp. 008124632095748
Author(s):  
Tyrone Brian Pretorius ◽  
Anita Padmanabhanunni
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Social Supports ◽  
Cognitive Appraisals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
High Risk Populations ◽  
Psychological Strength

Fortitude refers to the psychological strength to manage adversity and stay well. It is derived from adaptive cognitive appraisals of self, family, and social supports and has consistently been identified as a protective factor in psychological well-being. This study undertakes a scoping review of empirical research on the Fortitude Questionnaire, which was developed to assess levels of fortitude. The aims of the study were to categorize and catalogue studies that have used the Fortitude Questionnaire, identify the variables that have been linked to the scale, and determine the extent to which prior research has replicated the Fortitude Questionnaire’s psychometric properties. Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage framework for scoping reviews was followed to review studies published between January 1999 and March 2020. A total of 51 studies met the inclusion criteria. The scoping review found that the Fortitude Questionnaire has been used in different contexts and among various sample groups across the lifespan, including vulnerable and high-risk populations. The scale has demonstrated sound reliability and studies have confirmed its factor structure. The scale has also been used as an independent, dependent, and intervening variable. Fortitude has been linked to positive and negative indicators of well-being, and intervention studies have indicated that fortitude is amenable to change. The findings of this scoping review provide a foundation for the development of appraisal restructuring programmes and interventions.

scholarly journals The ethics of evaluating obesity intervention studies on children

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. S24-S29 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Wickins-Drazilova ◽  
◽  
G Williams
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Obesity Intervention

Diet and sleep health: a scoping review of intervention studies in adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Burrows ◽  
S. Fenton ◽  
M. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Sleep Health

scholarly journals A Scoping Review of Nonpharmacological Interventions to Reduce Disability in Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. e52-e65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Yi Wu ◽  
Juleen L Rodakowski ◽  
Lauren Terhorst ◽  
Jordan F Karp ◽  
Beth Fields ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Geriatric Assessment ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Active Ingredients

Abstract Background and Objectives Minimizing disability is critical to reduce the costly health care associated with disability and maintain quality of life into old age. We examined the effect sizes of nonpharmacological intervention studies in reducing disability and explored the active ingredients of interventions. Research Design and Methods A scoping review was conducted via PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases. Thirty-one randomized controlled trials were included. Eight active ingredients were identified by three experts (exercise, problem-solving, cognitive behavioral therapy, environmental modification, education, goal setting, comprehensive geriatric assessment, and cognitive training). Results The range of Cohen’s d was –0.85 to 1.76 across 31 studies (included 33 interventions); 67% studies (n = 22) obtained small-to-negative effect sizes (d = –0.85 to 0.18), accounting for 83% participants across studies. Interventions that incorporated exercise, problem-solving, cognitive behavior therapy, and environmental modification were associated with stronger effect sizes. Interventions that incorporated comprehensive geriatric assessment obtained small effect sizes. Discussion and Implications Majority of intervention studies found little or no effect in reducing disability for older adults. To optimize the effects of nonpharmacological interventions, we recommend researchers to (i) develop a screening tool for “risk of disability” to inform those who are early on the disability progression, yet not experience any difficulties in activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living; (ii) specify the active ingredients embedded in complex interventions to facilitate change in disability; and (iii) select sensitive tools to capture the progression of disability in late life.

325 NUTRITION AND EXERCISE OBESITY INTERVENTION TRIAL IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

1994 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S59
Author(s):  
J. E. Donndly ◽  
J. O. Hill ◽  
D. J. Jacobsen ◽  
J. E. Whatley ◽  
L. Swift ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Obesity Intervention

scholarly journals Diet and Anxiety: A Scoping Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4418
Author(s):  
Monique Aucoin ◽  
Laura LaChance ◽  
Umadevi Naidoo ◽  
Daniella Remy ◽  
Tanisha Shekdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Scoping Reviews

Anxiety disorders are the most common group of mental disorders. There is mounting evidence demonstrating the importance of nutrition in the development and progression of mental disorders such as depression; however, less is known about the role of nutrition in anxiety disorders. This scoping review sought to systematically map the existing literature on anxiety disorders and nutrition in order to identify associations between dietary factors and anxiety symptoms or disorder prevalence as well as identify gaps and opportunities for further research. The review followed established methodological approaches for scoping reviews. Due to the large volume of results, an online program (Abstrackr) with artificial intelligence features was used. Studies reporting an association between a dietary constituent and anxiety symptoms or disorders were counted and presented in figures. A total of 55,914 unique results were identified. After a full-text review, 1541 articles met criteria for inclusion. Analysis revealed an association between less anxiety and more fruits and vegetables, omega-3 fatty acids, “healthy” dietary patterns, caloric restriction, breakfast consumption, ketogenic diet, broad-spectrum micronutrient supplementation, zinc, magnesium and selenium, probiotics, and a range of phytochemicals. Analysis revealed an association between higher levels of anxiety and high-fat diet, inadequate tryptophan and dietary protein, high intake of sugar and refined carbohydrates, and “unhealthy” dietary patterns. Results are limited by a large percentage of animal and observational studies. Only 10% of intervention studies involved participants with anxiety disorders, limiting the applicability of the findings. High quality intervention studies involving participants with anxiety disorders are warranted.

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