Development of Social Media Addiction Scale for COVID-19 Pandemic (SMACOP)

The current COVID-19 pandemic and ‘new normal’ has resulted in much distress worldwide. Social media currently plays an essential role in information gathering. Thus, time spent on social media has increased drastically, further increasing the risk for internet-related addictions, such as social media addiction. This study aimed to develop a COVID-19-related measure of social media addiction based on the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) in order to aid in the identification and evaluation of at-risk individuals. Social Media Addiction Scale for COVID-19 Pandemic (SMACOP) was adapted from BSMAS to fit the context of COVID-19 and pilot tested on 20 individuals. A total of 80 participants were subsequently recruited through convenience sampling from the general public of a public university in Malaysia, comprising of patients’ family, visitors, or hospital staff. Construct validity was assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD7) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9). A two-factor structure was found for SMACOP, comprising of the factors ‘Desire’ and ‘Distress’. SMACOP shows good internal consistency (α = 0.64) and validity. SMACOP scores were positively correlated with the PHQ9, GAD7, and ISI (p<.01). SMACOP is a psychometrically valid instrument with high internal consistency, which is especially useful during this time in assessing social media addiction in relevance to COVID-19.

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The H&F-Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale 13 (H&F-MSP13): Construct and convergent validity

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.771 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. s287-s287

Author(s):

M.J. Soares ◽

A.T. Pereira ◽

A. Araújo ◽

D. Silva ◽

J. Valente ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Varimax Rotation ◽

Valid Instrument ◽

Good Internal Consistency ◽

Explained Variance ◽

Competing Interest

IntroductionThe Hewitt and Flett Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (H&F-MPS) is one of the most used measures of perfectionism. Their 45-items evaluate self-Oriented (SOP), Self-Prescribed (SPP), and Other Oriented (OOP) perfectionism.ObjectivesTo study the internal consistency and convergent validity of the H&F-MSP13.MethodsOne hundred and ninety-two university students (78.1% females), aged 19.74 years (sd = 2.10; range: 17–28) completed the Portuguese versions of H&F-MPS (Soares et al., 2003) and of Frost et al. MPS (F-MPS) (Amaral et al., 2013). Thirteen items were selected from the Portuguese version of the H&F-MPS, based on their loading in the factor (0.60 and over) (Soares et al., 2003).ResultsThe H&FMPS13 revealed good internal consistency (α = 0.816). The corrected item-total subscale Spearman's correlations were high (from 0.418 to 0.820). The principal component analysis with factors varimax rotation produced three factors, which revealed acceptable/good internal consistency (SOP: explained variance/EV = 35.4%, α = .900; SPP: EV = 16.3%, α = 0.695; OOP: EV = 10.8%, α = 0.709). The correlations between the H&F-MSP13 scores and the matching scores of the H&F-MPS were high (from r = 0.745 to r = 0.945, all P < .01), suggesting that both scales measure similarly the constructs. The H&F-MSP13 and the H&F-MPS total scores demonstrate good convergent validity with the total score of F-MPS, as indicated by the correlations (r = 0.581/r = 0.636, respectively). The correlations similarities between the H&F-MSP13 and H&F-MSP dimensions and the F-MPS dimensions and total scores were also considerable.ConclusionsThe H&F-MSP13 is a valid instrument to measure perfectionism that reveals convergent validity with the F-MPS, retaining the adequate psychometric properties of the H&F-MPS and its administration is less time consuming.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Intervention on depression and insomnia symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic

Annals of Medical Research and Practice ◽

10.25259/anmrp_4_2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Sadhna Verma ◽

James Donovan ◽

Surekha Bhat ◽

Hari Tunuguntla ◽

Renuka Tunuguntla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Demographic Data ◽

Intervention Strategy ◽

Severity Index ◽

Screening Tools ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Effective Interventions ◽

Travel Restrictions ◽

Patient Health ◽

Insomnia Symptoms ◽

Insomnia Severity

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has created significant psychological challenges globally. Evidence has been mounting of greater emotional distress and possible worsening of underlying psychiatric disorders, due to repercussions of COVID-19. In addition, the pandemic has created barriers to access for help, due to social distancing and travel restrictions. Thus, creating a major need for effective interventions that can be accessed safely from home and provide coping tools which can be learned and practiced while in isolation. An App based Yoga of Immortals (YOI) program is one such strategy to help cope with stressful situations. The objective of this study was to investigate if the YOI program can provide significant benefit for depressive and insomnia symptoms. Material and Methods: Participants in this study were asked to complete two brief online but well validated mental health screening tools before intervention. This was followed by a 7-week long YOI intervention. Following the intervention, participants were once again asked to complete the online validated questionnaires. The survey questionnaires included baseline demographic data and validated scales for measuring insomnia severity Insomnia severity Index (ISI) and levels of depression symptoms patient health questionnaire-8, (PHQ-8). All statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science. Results: SY YOI intervention of 7 weeks significantly improved the ISI scores as well as PHQ-8 scores in the study population (P < 0.0001 in all comparisons). Conclusion: YOI intervention is an effective intervention strategy for decreasing insomnia and depression symptoms, even during the pandemic.

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Evaluation of Severity Levels of the Athens Insomnia Scale Based on the Criterion of Insomnia Severity Index

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17238789 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (23) ◽

pp. 8789

Author(s):

Isa Okajima ◽

Towa Miyamoto ◽

Ayaka Ubara ◽

Chie Omichi ◽

Arichika Matsuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Short Form ◽

Severity Index ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Insomnia Severity Index ◽

Athens Insomnia Scale ◽

Patient Health ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related ◽

Insomnia Severity ◽

Severity Criteria

The Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) can be regarded as a highly useful instrument in both clinical and research settings, except for when assessing the severity level. This study aims to determine the severity criteria for AIS by using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). A total of 1666 government employees aged 20 years or older were evaluated using the AIS and ISI, the Patient Health Questionnaire for depressive symptoms, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for daytime sleepiness, and the Short Form Health Survey of the Medical Outcomes Study for health-related quality of life (QoL). A significant positive correlation (r) was found between the AIS and the ISI (r = 0.80, p < 0.001). As a result of describing receiver–operator curves, the severity criteria of the AIS are capable of categorizing insomnia severity as follows: absence of insomnia (0–5), mild insomnia (6–9), moderate insomnia (10–15), and severe insomnia (16–24). In addition, compared to all scales across groups categorized by AIS or ISI, it was revealed that similar results could be obtained (all p < 0.05). Therefore, the identification of the severity of AIS in this study is important in linking the findings of epidemiological studies with those of clinical studies.

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The Valencia Eustress-Distress Appraisal Scale (VEDAS): Validation of the Italian Version

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10113903 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 3903 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Annamaria Di Fabio ◽

José María Peiró ◽

Isabel Rodríguez ◽

Malgorzata Wanda Kozusznik

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Italian Version ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Valid Instrument ◽

Good Internal Consistency ◽

Italian Context

The aim of this study is to validate the Italian version of the Valencia Eustress-Distress Appraisal Scale (VEDAS). Two hundred and thirty-two Italian workers were involved in the study. Dimensionality, reliability, and concurrent validity were analyzed. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a four-dimensional structure. In addition, the Italian version of the scale showed good internal consistency and validity. The results indicate that the Italian version of the VEDAS is a valid instrument for measuring eustress and distress appraisal in the Italian context.

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Otitis Media Health Status Evaluation: A Pilot Study for the Investigation of Cost-Effective Outcomes of Recurrent Acute Otitis Media Treatment

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348949810700207 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 107 (2) ◽

pp. 120-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Ramsey Alsarraf ◽

Chung J. Jung ◽

Catherine Crowley ◽

Jonathan Perkins ◽

George A. Gates

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Acute Otitis Media ◽

Severity Index ◽

Clinical Severity ◽

Functional Health ◽

Functional Health Status ◽

High Internal Consistency ◽

New Instruments

There are no reliable and valid instruments that measure otitis media clinical or functional health status in children ages 1 to 3 years. This study develops and tests three new instruments of clinical and functional otitis health status: the Otitis Media Clinical Severity Index (OM-CSI), the Otitis Media Functional Status Questionnaire (OM-FSQ), and the Otitis Media Diary (OMD). The OM-CSI was found to be a reliable measure of clinical acute otitis media (AOM) severity, with high internal consistency (Cronbach's α) scores, as well as an accurate indicator of AOM severity. The OM-FSQ and OMD were demonstrated to be reliable and valid measures of otitis-specific functional health status, with reproducible scores over time, high internal consistency α scores, and high correlation with measures of AOM clinical severity and other functional health status instruments. These three new instruments were also sensitive and specific indicators of AOM episodes.

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1087 Early Session Effects of CBT-I on Insomnia and Depression

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1082 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A413-A414

Author(s):

T M Bishop ◽

H F Crean ◽

J S Funderburk ◽

K J Speed ◽

W R Pigeon

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptomatology ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Severity Index ◽

Sleep Diary ◽

Treatment As Usual ◽

Optimal Balance ◽

Patient Health ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Multiple Domains ◽

Insomnia Severity

Abstract Introduction Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) has been shown to reduce depressive symptomatology among patients with co-occurring insomnia and depression. Brief forms of CBT-I have been tested in various settings including primary care. As delivery formats of CBT-I broaden, it is important to enhance our understanding of what doses and what components of CBT-I, provide the optimal balance of treatment efficacy and brevity. In the present study, we examine session-by-session effects of CBT-I on insomnia and depression. Methods Fifty-four Veterans with insomnia and co-occurring depression or posttraumatic stress disorder were randomized to either four sessions of CBT-I or treatment as usual in a published parent study. We report here on the effects among those who received CBT-I (n =22). At each session participants provided a completed sleep diary and completed the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression (PHQ-9). Results At baseline, participants endorsed a moderate level of both insomnia (ISI score = 18.5 [SD=4.2]) and depression (PHQ-9 score = 15.6 [SD=5.2]). A mean decrease of 4.0 points in ISI total score was observed between sessions 1 and 2 [t(21)=-3.88, p<.001] and a 3.3 points between sessions 2 and 3 [t(19)=-2.63, p<.05]. Mean PHQ-9 scores decreased by 2.9 points between sessions 1 and 2 [t(21)=-2.84, p<.01] and a 2.8 points between sessions 2 and 3 [t(19)=-2.77, p<.05]. In contrast, changes in ISI and PHQ-9 scores between baseline and session 1, and sessions 3 and 4 did not reach significance. Conclusion The majority of improvements in both insomnia and depression were observed following sessions 1 and 2 of CBT-I. Findings suggest that even a limited exposure to CBT-I may have a clinically significant impact on functioning across multiple domains. Whether such early improvements represent an optimal balance compared with the more modest additional improvements achieved by adding more sessions is discussed. Support This work was supported by the VISN 2 Center of Excellence for Suicide Prevention at the Canandaigua VAMC.

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Dampak Psikologis Pandemi Covid-19 pada Tenaga Kesehatan: A Studi Cross-Sectional di Kota Pontianak

Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia ◽

10.26714/jkmi.15.2.2020.13-18 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Aziz Yogo Hanggoro ◽

Linda Suwarni ◽

Selviana Selviana ◽

Mawardi Mawardi

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽

Severity Index ◽

Generalized Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Insomnia Severity Index ◽

Patient Health ◽

Insomnia Severity

Latar Belakang: Tenaga kesehatan bekerja sebagai garda terdepan dalam penanganan pasien di tengah Pandemi Covid-19 dengan tekanan yang tinggi, sehingga berdampak pada peningkatan masalah psikologis. Kota Pontianak termasuk daerah dengan transmisi Covid-19 lokal dan jumlah kasus positif Covid-19 tertinggi di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui dampak psikologis Pandemi Covid-19 pada tenaga kesehatan di Kota Pontianak. Metode: Studi Cross-Sectional dilakukan pada 29 Juni – 4 Juli 2020 di tengah Pandemi Covid-19. Masalah psikologis diukur dengan menggunakan the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Patient Health Quationnaire-9, dan Insomnia Severity Index. Uji Pearson digunakan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara masalah psikologis. Hasil: Prevalensi gejala kecemasan, depresi, dan insomnia pada tenaga kesehatan selama pandemic Covid-19 di Kota Pontianak adalah 57,6%; 52,1%; dan 47,9%. Tenaga kesehatan yang bekerja menangani pasien positif Covid-19 cenderung lebih tinggi mengalami kecemasasan, depresi, dan insomnia dibandingkan dengan yang tidak. Persepsi tenaga kesehatan yang merasa berisiko terpapar Covid-19 signifikan berhubungan dengan masalah psikologis seperti gangguan kecemasan, depresi, dan insomnia. Kesimpulan: Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada meningkatnya masalah psikologis (gangguan kecemasan, depresi, dan insomnia) pada tenaga kesehatan.

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Validity of the Spanish Version of the Vaccination Attitudes Examination Scale

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9111237 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1237

Author(s):

Borja Paredes ◽

Miguel Ángel Cárdaba ◽

Ubaldo Cuesta ◽

Luz Martinez

Keyword(s):

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Structure Study ◽

Spanish Version ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Medical Mistrust ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Good Internal Consistency ◽

High Internal Consistency

Individuals vary in the extent to which they have unfavorable attitudes towards vaccines. The Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) Scale is a recently developed brief 12-item questionnaire created to better understand general vaccination attitudes. The current research aimed at providing a Spanish adaptation of the VAX Scale. After conducting an initial pilot study, Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that the Spanish version of the scale had good internal consistency and factor structure (Study 1), discriminant validity from other individual differences measures (such as the Beliefs about Medicine Questionnaire and the Medical Mistrust Index) as well as good predictive validity of relevant vaccination-related outcomes (Study 2). In conclusion, in the present research, the Spanish version of the VAX scale proved to have a high internal consistency, showed convergent validity with other conceptually similar constructs, and successfully predicted vaccination intentions and vaccination decisions. Having this scale available in Spanish will allow researchers to analyze vaccination processes and vaccine hesitancy over a great number of people.

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Patients' Perspectives About the Acceptability and Effectiveness of Audiologist-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Tinnitus and/or Hyperacusis Rehabilitation

American Journal of Audiology ◽

10.1044/2019_aja-19-0045 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 973-985 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hashir Aazh ◽

Christina Bryant ◽

Brian C. J. Moore

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Analogue Scale ◽

Behavioral Therapy ◽

Severity Index ◽

Generalized Anxiety ◽

Survey Questionnaire ◽

Health Questionnaire ◽

Median Response ◽

Patient Health ◽

Insomnia Severity

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the views of patients who completed audiologist-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) about (a) the effectiveness of the treatment, (b) the acceptability of receiving CBT from audiologists, and (c) the most effective treatment components. Design This was a service evaluation survey with a cross-sectional design. Study Sample The study population comprised 40 consecutive adult patients who received a full course of audiologist-delivered CBT for tinnitus and/or hyperacusis management at a Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Therapy Specialist Clinic in the United Kingdom over a 1-year period. Thirty-one of 40 patients who attended their final session as planned completed the survey questionnaire. Data Collection and Analysis As a part of their routine care, all patients completed a wide range of questionnaires before and after receiving audiologist-delivered CBT. These comprised Tinnitus Handicap Inventory ( Newman, Sandridge, & Bolek, 2008 ); Hyperacusis Questionnaire ( Khalfa et al., 2002 ); Insomnia Severity Index ( Bastien, Vallieres, & Morin, 2001 ); Visual Analogue Scale ( Maxwell, 1978 ) for tinnitus loudness, tinnitus annoyance, and effect of tinnitus on life; Generalized Anxiety Disorder ( Spitzer, Kroenke, Williams, & Lowe, 2006 ) questionnaire; and Patient Health Questionnaire ( Kroenke, Spitzer, & Williams, 2001 ). In addition, patients were asked to complete the survey questionnaire at their final session to provide feedback with regard to their therapy. Results The majority of patients reported that it was very acceptable to them to receive CBT focused on tinnitus and hyperacusis from a specialist audiologist; the median response was 10/10. The majority of patients felt that the CBT was very effective (median response 8/10) and that they were able to manage their tinnitus and/or hyperacusis well (median response 9/10). The effect sizes of treatment based on pre- and postintervention comparison of scores for the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, Visual Analogue Scale of tinnitus annoyance and effect on life, Hyperacusis Questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, and Patient Health Questionnaire were large. Conclusions Audiologist-delivered CBT is acceptable to patients and is effective in the management of tinnitus and/or hyperacusis from the patients' perspectives.

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0508 Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Shows Favorable Response for Insomnia in Depression with Greater Response in Males and in Those Less Than 65 Years of Age

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.505 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A194-A195

Author(s):

D J Stultz ◽

S Osburn ◽

T Burns ◽

N Stanley ◽

R Walton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Severity Index ◽

The Elderly ◽

Male Population ◽

Treatment Of Depression ◽

Patient Health ◽

Resistant Depression ◽

Society Newsletter ◽

Insomnia Severity

Abstract Introduction Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is FDA approved for the treatment of resistant depression and multiple studies have demonstrated improvement of insomnia in both those with and without depression. Methods 50 patients were studied while undergoing TMS treatment for resistant depression and utilizing the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for evaluation of benefit. Using the Brainsway dTMS system over the LDPFC at 120% MT for an average of 31 treatments, our study demonstrated benefit for both mood and insomnia. We observed an improvement on the PHQ-9 from 17.3 to 7.53, on the BDI from 30.44 to 11.75, on the ISI from 13.47 to 9.31, and on the PSQI from 11.78 to 9.08. Focusing specifically on the insomnia response, we compared an equal number of both male versus female patients, and those > and < than 65 years of age. Results Using paired t-test comparisons, men and those less than 65 demonstrated statistically significant improvement. The male population demonstrated statistically significant decreases of t=2.39, 13df, P=.03 on the ISI, and t=2.59, 13df, P=.02 on the PSQI. For women the result was t=1.35, 13df, P=.20 on the ISI, and t=2.05, 13df, P=.06 on the PSQI. In the elderly (>65) decreases were not statistically significant at t=.62, 14df, P=.54 on the ISI, and t=1.26, 14df, P=.23 on the PSQI. For those < 65 years old statistically significant decreases observed were t=3.37, 14df, P=.005 on the ISI, and t=3.5, 14df, P=.004 on the PSQI. Conclusion TMS treatment of depression resulted in statistically significant benefits on co-existing insomnia in males and those less than 65 years of age. As insomnia may be a precipitating or perpetuating factor in depression and may result in depression relapse, attention to this symptom is of clinical benefit. Support **No support was given for this study. Dr. Stultz is a speaker for Harmony Biosciences and has served on their advisory committee. She is also a speaker for Jazz Pharmaceuticals. She is the co-editor for the Clinical TMS Society Newsletter and on the education committee.

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