Predisposing Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Penerimaan Program Vaksinasi Covid-19 pada Masyarakat

Background: Acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccine is a challenge in the success of the Covid-19 vaccination program. Objective: This study aims to achieve herd immunity and to analyze predisposing factors (age, gender, knowledge, and belief in the Covid-19 vaccine) in the community in the Alang Alang Lebar Community Health Center Work Area. Methods: This type of research is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional study. The population in this study is people who live in Talang Ke-lapa Village and Alang Alang Lebar Village aged 18-60 years, a sample of 211 people with the determination of the sample using the Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling technique, the data were analyzed univariately and bivariate. Results: The research conducted showed that there was a significant relationship between knowledge (p-value = 0.041) and trust in the Covid-19 vaccine (p-value = 0.000) and acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccination program. Meanwhile, the age variable (p=0.739) and the gender variable (p=0.838) had no relationship with the acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccination program. Conclusion: Efforts are needed to increase access to information related to Covid-19 vaccination so that people believe in the Covid-19 vaccine so that public acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccination program increases in the Alang Alang Lebar Health Center Work Area.

Keinginan Penerapan Program Keluarga Berencana (KB) pada Remaja untuk Masa Mendatang di Provinsi Bengkulu

Background: The government seeks to improve the quality of life of adolescents through coaching related to the generation planning program in order to provide understanding and strengthen family planning in the future, including participation in the Family Planning (KB) program. Objective: This study aims to determine the factors related to the desire of adolescents in implementing family planning programs in the future in Bengkulu Province. Methods: Cross sectional research design with secondary data from the Family Performance and Accountability Survey (SKAP) in 2019. The research sample was 341 unmarried adolescents aged 10-24 years in Bengkulu Province with data analysis using the chi square test. Results: The results of statistical tests showed three variables were significantly associated with desire of adolescent in implementing the family planning in the future namely knowledge (p=0.005), place of residence (p=0.000) and sources of information (p=0.009). Meanwhile, the variables of age (p-value 1.686) and level of education (p-value 0.277) are not significantly associated. Conclusion: place of residence, access to information and knowledge of adolescents about various contraceptive methods are factors related to the desire of adolescents in implementing family planning programs in the future. It is recommended that there be periodic assistance from the National Population and Family Planning Agency (BKKBN) to optimize the role of the Youth Counseling Information Center (PIK-R) in schools in order to provide motivation to adolescents in planning their future families.

Survei Perilaku Pencegahan Covid-19 Pada Masyarakat di Kabupaten Banyumas

Background: Covid 19 is nowadays becoming a global problem. This disease caused by the infection of SARS-Cov-2 and can spread out from human to human by saliva splash. The prevention behavior of this disease are by washing hands with soap on running water for twenty seconds, applying hands with hand sanitizer, wearing mask, preventing crowd, and keeping distance for 1-2 meters. Those efforts, however, are still rarely done by the people. Aims: This research aims to know the covid-19 prevention behavior of people in Banyumas. Method: This research is an observational descriptive research which uses cross-sectional approach. The samples of this research are 450 people, and the data were collected by online questionnaire. Results: the behavior of washing hands using soap on running water for 20 seconds (50.4%), applying hand sanitizer (50.4%), wearing mask in shop, mall, restaurant and other public facilities such as worship places (76.4%), doing activity among the crowd and keeping distance for 1-2 meters (60.2%). Conclusion: There is a need for health education related to Covid-19 prevention to improve behaviour to prevent the transmission of Covid-19, since the respondent proportion in doing prevention is about 90% from entire samples.

Hubungan Efikasi Diri dengan Sikap Kader Nasyiatul Aisyiyah terhadap Program STOP Stunting di Kabupaten Boyolali

Background: The STOP stunting program that has been launched by the leadership of Nasyiatul Aisyiyah has not run optimally because there are still obstacles in its implementation. Self-efficacy is one of the internal factors that can shape the attitude of Nasyiatul Aisyiyah cadres in carrying out the STOP stunting program to support the implementation of programs that are not yet running. Objective: To analyze the relationship between self-efficacy and the attitude of Nasyiatul Aisyiyah cadres towards the STOP stunting program in Boyolali Regency. Methods: This research is quantitative observational using aapproach cross sectional which was conducted in December 2020 involving 80 Nasyiatul Aisyiyah cadres. The variables in this study were self-efficacy and cadre attitudes. The primary data was obtained through a questionnaire, while the secondary data was obtained from the Boyolali District Health Office and the Nasyiatul Aisyiyah leadership. The analysis was carried out by univariate and bivariate using test chi square. Results: A total of 51.3% of cadres had low self-efficacy and 47.5% had poor attitudes towards the STOP stunting program and there was a significant relationship between self-efficacy and cadre attitudes (p=0.001). Conclusion: Self-efficacy is closely related to the attitude of Nasyiatul Aisyiyah cadres.

Pengaruh Berat Karbon Aktif Kulit Jagung terhadap Penurunan COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) Limbah Cair Industri Batik

Background: The batik industry produces chemical waste with a COD value of 1918 mg/l; (above the safe threshold of 150 mg/l). One of the wastewater treatment methods is using activated carbon, including corn husks. This study aims to determine the effect of the weight of corn husk activated carbon on the reduction of COD in batik industrial wastewater. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a non-randomized pretest-posttest control group design using liquid waste from one of the batik industries in Rejomulyo Village, East Semarang District. This experiment applied five weight variations of corn husk activated carbon, namely 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 grams with 4 repetitions, and 4 control samples. The effect of the treatment was observed in 50 minutes. The observations were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test. Results: The range and mean COD values before and after treatment were 3174.32 -5136.43 mg/l, and 584.29 - 1049.20 mg/l, respectively. The decrease in COD according to treatment ranged from 80.83% to 84.76%, while in the control group it was only 2.90%. There was an effect of the weight of corn husk activated carbon to decrease COD of batik industrial wastewater (p = 0.015), and there was an effect of the weight of corn husk activated carbon to decrease COD of batik industrial wastewater between control group and treatment group (p = 0.021). Conclusion: Corn husk activated carbon has a high potential to reduce the COD of chemical waste in the batik industry.

Hubungan Dukungan Orang Tua dan Sekolah terhadap Sexual Abstinence pada Remaja

Background: Reproductive health problems such as STI and HIV/AIDS, and Unwanted Pregnancy are vulnerable to be experienced by adolescents if they do not have the ability and confidence to perform sexual abstinence. Parents and schools are considered appropriate parties to provide support to adolescents to perform sexual abstinence. Objective: This study was to analyze the relationship between parental and school support for sexual abstinence in high school adolescents in Pugung District, Lampung Province. Methods: this type of research is analytic observational with a cross sectional approach. Sampling using Proportional Random Sampling technique, with a total sample of 130 respondents. The statistical test of this study used the Fisher exact test. Results: there is no relationship between parental support (p-value 0.672 > 0.05) and school (p-value 1,000 > 0.05) with sexual abstinence in high school adolescents in Pugung District. Conclusion: It is necessary to explore other appropriate sources of support for adolescents and to expand the scope of research for further research, both in urban and rural areas.

Pengaruh Pembatasan Sosial sebagai Upaya Menekan Penularan Covid-19 terhadap Kondisi Kesehatan Mental Remaja: Literature Review

Background: At the end of April 2021, the occurrence of Covid-19 in Indonesia has reached 1.63 million cases and 44,172 deaths. The social restriction policy is an effort for the government to suppress the rate of transmission of Covid-19, although on the other hand, this policy also raises fear, anxiety, and worry for the community, including teenagers. The emotional development and behaviour of adolescents towards adulthood require social space, but are constrained by social restrictions. Objective: to determine the effect of social restrictions on adolescent mental health. Methods: This study uses a literature review method from 2019 to 2021 obtained from the Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct databases using the keywords social restrictions, youth, mental health disorders, Youth and Children, Covid-19, Impact, and mental health. . The criteria for the selected articles were articles published in 2019-2021 nationally and internationally related to literature review research. Results: the impact of social restrictions on the mental health of adolescents is quite varied. The existence of limitations in socializing, boredom and the many tasks assigned to adolescents are the main factors for adolescents experiencing mental disorders such as stress, depression, and anxiety. Conclusion: social restrictions indirectly have an impact on the mental health of adolescents and even trigger mental health disorders in adolescents.

Genetic Engineering Technique in Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Construction

Vaccine becomes a very effective strategy to deal with various infectious diseases even to the point of eradication as in the smalpox virus. At present many conventional vaccines such as inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines. However, these vaccine methods have side effects on the population. Viral-like particle (VLP) is an alternative vaccine based on recombinant DNA technology that is safe with the same immunogenicity as conventional viruses. This vaccine has been shown to induce humoral immune responses mediated by antibodies and cellular immune responses mediated by cytotoxic T cells. With these advantages, currently various types of vaccines have only been developed on a VLP basis. VLP can be produced from a variety of recombinant gene expression systems including bacterial cell expression systems, yeast cells, insect cells, mammalian cells, plant cells, and cell-free systems.

Prevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Anemia pada Anak di Negara Maju

Background: Anemia is a global public health problem that occurs in developed countries or in developing countries. The prevalence of anemia in children aged 1-5 years in the United States is 3.9% and iron anemia is 1.1%. This review discussed prevalence and the risk factors and anemia in children in developed countries. Method: The method used is a literature review, the data source in the form of research articles is obtained from online databases, namely Google Scholar and Science Direct. The articles reviewed were 10 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Result: Based on several studies, iron deficiency or deficiency is the most common cause in children in developed countries. 8% of children under five in the United States have iron deficiency, and 2-3% of them are iron deficiency anemia. Risk factors for anemia include lack of serum zinc, low levels of 25 (OH) D, exclusive breastfeeding without iron fortification, Low Birth Weight (LBW), food intake factors, history of asthma and eczema, and maternal education. Iron deficiency anemia in childhood has been shown to have a negative effect on cognitive and psychomotor development. Prevention of anemia that can be done include giving iron supplements and food recommendations. Conclusion: Risk factors for anemia include lack of serum zinc, low 25 (OH) D levels, exclusive breastfeeding without iron fortification, Low Birth Weight (LBW), food intake factors, history of asthma and eczema, and maternal education.

Hubungan antara Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Hormonal dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Wanita Usia Subur di Indonesia (Analisis Data Indonesian Family Life Survey 5)

Background: The incidence of hypertension in women is 36.9%, allegedly related to hormonal changes triggered by the use of hormonal contraceptives. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the use of hormonal contraception on the incidence of hypertension in women of childbearing age. Methods: This cross-sectional study used IFLS 2014 data and involved 7,097 participants who were selected using multistage random sampling technique. The research variables included age, education, work status, physical activity, stress, use and length of time being a hormonal family planning acceptor, work status, blood pressure and obesity. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and analytically using logistic regression. Results: The incidence of hypertension reached 27.2%, and the multivariate analysis showed the significant correlation with age and duration of hormonal contraceptive use (p=0.000; PR=2.809; 95%-CI=2.516-3.136 and p=0.000; PR=1.002; 95% -CI=1.001-1.003). Conclusion: The incidence of hypertension in hormonal contraceptive users is related to age and period of use. Hormonal family planning acceptors need to regularly control blood pressure with age to monitor the incidence of hypertension.