scholarly journals Disability and Health: A Research Agenda

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasheem Mannan ◽  
Malcolm MacLachlan
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Rehabilitation Service ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
Social Gain

Disability is not a 'health problem'; however some people with disabilities do have increased health needs, and all people with disabilities have the same right to access health services as others. The number of people living with disabilities is increasing, due partly to increasing numbers of people living with the consequences of chronic communicable and non-communicable diseases. Based on recommendations of the World Report on Disability, which provides the parameters for research, this paper sets out a research agenda calling for a considerable research programme on social, civil, and economic impacts of living with disability, arising from whatever cause, including communicable and non-communicable diseases; significant global health policy revisions; identification of constraints and facilitators in access to healthcare for people with disabilities; development of a robust evidence base for implementing the new guidelines on community-based rehabilitation; innovations in addressing human resource challenges faced by disability and rehabilitation service-providers; development of enabling technologies that focus on individuals' aspirations and social gain; preparedness for responding to the needs of people with disabilities in disaster situations; and the application of disability metrics to strengthen health systems.

scholarly journals Multimorbidity of chronic non-communicable diseases: burden, care provision and outcomes over time among patients attending chronic outpatient medical care in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia—a mixed methods study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e051107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fantu Abebe Eyowas ◽  
Marguerite Schneider ◽  
Shitaye Alemu ◽  
Fentie Ambaw Getahun
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Over Time

IntroductionMultimorbidity refers to the presence of two or more chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in a given individual. It is associated with premature mortality, lower quality of life (QoL) and greater use of healthcare resources. The burden of multimorbidity could be huge in the low and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Ethiopia. However, there is limited evidence on the magnitude of multimorbidity, associated risk factors and its effect on QoL and functionality. In addition, the evidence base on the way health systems are organised to manage patients with multimorbidity is sparse. The knowledge gleaned from this study could have a timely and significant impact on the prevention, management and survival of patients with NCD multimorbidity in Ethiopia and in LMICs at large.Methods and analysisThis study has three phases: (1) a cross-sectional quantitative study to determine the magnitude of NCD multimorbidity and its effect on QoL and functionality, (2) a qualitative study to explore organisation of care for patients with multimorbidity, and (3) a longitudinal quantitative study to investigate disease progression and patient outcomes over time. A total of 1440 patients (≥40 years) on chronic care follow-up will be enrolled from different facilities for the quantitative studies. The quantitative data will be collected from multiple sources using the KoBo Toolbox software and analysed by STATA V.16. Multiple case study designs will be employed to collect the qualitative data. The qualitative data will be coded and analysed by Open Code software thematically.Ethics and disseminationEthical clearance has been obtained from the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University (protocol number 003/2021). Subjects who provide written consent will be recruited in the study. Confidentiality of data will be strictly maintained. Findings will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations.

scholarly journals Gaps and opportunities for nutrition research in relation to non-communicable diseases in Arab countries: Call for an informed research agenda

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Naja ◽  
Hibeh Shatila ◽  
Lokman Meho ◽  
Mohamad Alameddine ◽  
Sally Haber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Nutrition Research

scholarly journals Providing Measurement, Evaluation, Accountability, and Leadership Support (MEALS) for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention in Ghana: Project Implementation Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amos Laar ◽  
Bridget Kelly ◽  
Michelle Holdsworth ◽  
Wilhemina Quarpong ◽  
Richmond Aryeetey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Food Environments ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Measurement Evaluation ◽  
Leadership Support ◽  
Food Provision

Background: This study describes the rationale, adaptation, and final protocol of a project developed to address the increase in obesity and nutrition-related non-communicable diseases (NR-NCDs) in Ghana. Code-named the Measurement, Evaluation, Accountability, and Leadership Support for NCDs (MEALS4NCDs) project, it aims to measure and support public sector actions that create healthy food marketing, retail, and provisioning environments for Ghanaian children using adapted methods from the International Network for Food and Obesity/NCDs Research Monitoring and Action Support (INFORMAS).Methods: The protocol for this observational study draws substantially from the INFORMAS' Food Promotion and Food Provision Modules. However, to appraise the readiness of local communities to implement interventions with strong potential to improve food environments of Ghanaian children, the MEALS4NCDs protocol has innovatively integrated a local community participatory approach based on the community readiness model (CRM) into the INFORMAS approaches. The setting is Ghana, and the participants include health and nutrition policy-makers, nutrition and food service providers, consumers, school authorities, and pupils of Ghanaian basic schools.Results: The study establishes a standardized approach to providing implementation science evidence for the prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Ghana. It demonstrates feasibility and the innovative application of the INFORMAS expanded food promotion and food provision modules, together with the integration of the CRM in a lower-middle income setting.Conclusion: The research will facilitate the understanding of the processes through which the INFORMAS approach is contextualized to a lower-middle income African context. The protocol could be adapted for similar country settings to monitor relevant aspects of food environments of children.

scholarly journals Perspectives on Disability and Non-Communicable Diseases in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, with a Focus on Stroke and Dementia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine E. Prynn ◽  
Hannah Kuper
Keyword(s):  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Vulnerability To Poverty

Non-communicable diseases (NCD) and disability are both common, and increasing in magnitude, as a result of population ageing and a shift in disease burden towards chronic conditions. Moreover, disability and NCDs are strongly linked in a two-way association. People living with NCDs may develop impairments, which can cause activity limitations and participation restriction in the absence of supportive personal and environmental factors. In other words, NCDs may lead to disabilities. At the same time, people with disabilities are more vulnerable to NCDs, because of their underlying health condition, and vulnerability to poverty and exclusion from healthcare services. NCD programmes must expand their focus beyond prevention and treatment to incorporate rehabilitation for people living with NCDs, in order to maximize their functioning and well-being. Additionally, access to healthcare needs to be improved for people with disabilities so that they can secure their right to preventive, curative and rehabilitation services. These changes may require new innovations to overcome existing gaps in healthcare capacity, such as an increasing role for mobile technology and task-sharing. This perspective paper discusses these issues, using a particular focus on stroke and dementia in order to clarify these relationships.

scholarly journals A research agenda for non-communicable disease prevention and control in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishu Kataria ◽  
Mariam Siddiqui ◽  
Theresa Gillespie ◽  
Michael Goodman ◽  
Preet K. Dhillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Abstract Background Non-communicable diseases contribute to 62% of total deaths in India; of concern are the preventable premature deaths, which account for a staggering 48% of mortality. The objective of this study was to establish a consensus research agenda for non-communicable disease prevention and control that has the potential to impact polices, programmes and healthcare delivery in India. Methods To develop a non-communicable disease research agenda, we engaged our community collaborative board and scientific advisory group in a three-step process using two web-based surveys and one in-person meeting. First, the Delphi methodology was used to generate topics. Second, these ideas were deliberated upon during the in-person meeting, leading to the prioritisation of 23 research questions, which were subjected to Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threat analysis by the stakeholders using the Snow Card methodology with the scientific advisory group and community collaborative board. This step resulted in the identification of 15 low effort, high impact priority research questions for various health outcomes across research disciplines based on discussion with the larger group to reach consensus. Finally, the second web-based survey resulted in the identification of 15 key priority research questions by all stakeholders as being the most important using a linear mixed effect regression model. Results The final set of 15 priority research questions focused on interventions at the individual, community, systems and policy levels. Research questions focused on identifying interventions that strengthen healthcare systems and healthcare delivery, including models of care and improved access to non-communicable disease screening, diagnosis and treatment, determining the impact of government policies, assessing the effectiveness of prevention programmes (e.g. tobacco, environmental improvements), and testing research tools and resources to monitor non-communicable diseases at the population level. Conclusion To produce the evidence base for selecting and implementing non-communicable disease programmes and policies in India, investments are needed. These investments should be guided by a national research agenda for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases in India. Our findings could form the backbone of a national research agenda for non-communicable diseases in India that could be refined and then adopted by government agencies, the private sector, non-governmental and community-based organisations.

scholarly journals Facilitators, barriers and potential solutions to the integration of depression and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) care in Malawi: a qualitative study with service providers

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chifundo Colleta Zimba ◽  
Christopher F. Akiba ◽  
Maureen Matewere ◽  
Annie Thom ◽  
Michael Udedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Service Integration ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Depression Care ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Depression Assessment ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Background Integration of depression services into infectious disease care is feasible, acceptable, and effective in sub-Saharan African settings. However, while the region shifts focus to include chronic diseases, additional information is required to integrate depression services into chronic disease settings. We assessed service providers’ views on the concept of integrating depression care into non-communicable diseases’ (NCD) clinics in Malawi. The aim of this analysis was to better understand barriers, facilitators, and solutions to integrating depression into NCD services. Methods Between June and August 2018, we conducted nineteen in-depth interviews with providers. Providers were recruited from 10 public hospitals located within the central region of Malawi (i.e., 2 per clinic, with the exception of one clinic where only one provider was interviewed because of scheduling challenges). Using a semi structured interview guide, we asked participants questions related to their understanding of depression and its management at their clinic. We used thematic analysis allowing for both inductive and deductive approach. Themes that emerged related to facilitators, barriers and suggested solutions to integrate depression assessment and care into NCD clinics. We used CFIR constructs to categorize the facilitators and barriers. Results Almost all providers knew what depression is and its associated signs and symptoms. Almost all facilities had an NCD-dedicated room and reported that integrating depression into NCD care was feasible. Facilitators of service integration included readiness to integrate services by the NCD providers, availability of antidepressants at the clinic. Barriers to service integration included limited knowledge and lack of training regarding depression care, inadequacy of both human and material resources, high workload experienced by the providers and lack of physical space for some depression services especially counseling. Suggested solutions were training of NCD staff on depression assessment and care, engaging hospital leaders to create an NCD and depression care integration policy, integrating depression information into existing documents, increasing staff, and reorganizing clinic flow. Conclusion Findings of this study suggest a need for innovative implementation science solutions such as reorganizing clinic flow to increase the quality and duration of the patient-provider interaction, as well as ongoing trainings and supervisions to increase clinical knowledge. Trial registration This study reports finding of part of the formative phase of “The Sub-Saharan Africa Regional Partnership (SHARP) for Mental Health Capacity Building—A Clinic-Randomized Trial of Strategies to Integrate Depression Care in Malawi” registered as NCT03711786

scholarly journals Disease Pattern of Geriatric People of the Host Community in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Iffat Ara Begum ◽  
Zannatul Raiyana ◽  
Md Abdul Mazid Azad ◽  
Mohammad Shamsul Huda ◽  
Afsana Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Disease Pattern

Introduction: Diseases of elder people are a global problem. The prevalence of disease in elderly people is increasing day by day as old people often have limited regenerative abilities and are more susceptible to disease, syndromes, injuries, and sickness than younger adults. Objective: This study was conducted to identify the disease pattern of geriatric people of the host community in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. Method: A descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted among 381 geriatric persons in 5 selected hospitals of Cox's Bazar. The sample size was calculated in a 95% confidence interval and with a 5% level of significance. Data collection was done by using a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire. Data quality was ensured through multiple procedures of review and cross-checking. Results: The findings revealed that a total of 32.0% had heart disease and 31% had arthritis. More than one-fifth (22.0%) of the respondents had diabetes and 18% of the total respondents had different types of communicable diseases. The occurrence of non-communicable diseases in geriatric people is significantly associated with their age and sex. Conclusion: The findings from this study illustrate that non-communicable disease is very much prevalent among the geriatric population as well as a threat to public health. The hospitals and health service providers should emphasize the management and prevention of these diseases. Also, lifestyle modification can play a vital role in preventing non-communicable diseases.

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