scholarly journals Mapping Urbanization as an Anthropedogenetic Process: A Section through the Times of Urban Soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Vialle ◽  
Mario Giampieri
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Dynamic Vision ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Map Series ◽  
The Times ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Ecological Transition

Current trends of spatial planning policies give a strategic role to soils, the multifunctionality of which must be considered as a crucial driver facing cities’ forthcoming social-ecological transition. However, soils within urban areas are insufficiently studied as a long-term record of environmental history and heavy anthropization. This article investigates the extreme qualitative variability of urban soils by presenting a conceptual model and cartographic workflow highlighting soil evolution processes as a value which co-variates with urbanization. Based on a case study in West Lausanne (Switzerland), the layers and map series of an atlas underscore the applicability of different types of information and spatial analysis for documenting the influence of anthrosediments and land cover changes. Combined with empirical profile descriptions, such a consolidated concept map defines a template, in the form of a complex spatio-temporal figure, on which to apply the state factor approach. Instead of using a simple spatial transect or gradient, the increasing anthropic dominance over original landscape conditions is explained using a section through time. An urban anthroposequence consequently retraces contrasting soil development pathways as a coherent bundle of historical trajectories. Such a narrative integrates various facets of land use, including one-off construction techniques and recurring maintenance practices, planning tools, and morphologies, into a specific ‘project for the ground’ which brought forth the mixed mesh of the Swiss Plateau ‘cityterritory.’ Ultimately, the dynamic vision conveyed by these intertwined soil–urbanization coevolution trajectories outlines opportunities for the regeneration of the resource deposit made up of both West Lausanne’s urban fabric and its soils as a palimpsest.

scholarly journals Multi-Criteria, Co-Evolutionary Charging Behavior: An Agent-Based Simulation of Urban Electromobility

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Lennart Adenaw ◽  
Markus Lienkamp
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
City Planning ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Agent Based Simulation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Spatio Temporal

In order to electrify the transport sector, scores of charging stations are needed to incentivize people to buy electric vehicles. In urban areas with a high charging demand and little space, decision-makers are in need of planning tools that enable them to efficiently allocate financial and organizational resources to the promotion of electromobility. As with many other city planning tasks, simulations foster successful decision-making. This article presents a novel agent-based simulation framework for urban electromobility aimed at the analysis of charging station utilization and user behavior. The approach presented here employs a novel co-evolutionary learning model for adaptive charging behavior. The simulation framework is tested and verified by means of a case study conducted in the city of Munich. The case study shows that the presented approach realistically reproduces charging behavior and spatio-temporal charger utilization.

scholarly journals Measuring Accessibility Based on Improved Impedance and Attractive Functions Using Taxi Trajectory Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Helai Huang ◽  
Jialing Wu ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Yiwei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Waiting Time ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Destination Attractiveness ◽  
Urban Accessibility ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Taxi Trajectory

Accessibility has attracted wide interest from urban planners and transportation engineers. It is an important indicator to support the development of sustainable policies for transportation systems in major events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Taxis are a vital travel mode in urban areas that provide door-to-door services for individuals to perform urban activities. This study, with taxi trajectory data, proposes an improved method to evaluate dynamic accessibility depending on traditional location-based measures. A new impedance function is introduced by taking characteristics of the taxi system into account, such as passenger waiting time and the taxi fare rule. An improved attraction function is formulated by considering dynamic availability intensity. Besides, we generate five accessibility scenarios containing different indicators to compare the variation of accessibility. A case study is conducted with the data from Shenzhen, China. The results show that the proposed method found reduced urban accessibility, but with a higher value in southern center areas during the evening peak period due to short passenger waiting time and high destination attractiveness. Each spatio-temporal indicator has an influence on the variation in accessibility.

SISTEM HUNIAN MASA DEPAN BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI UNTUK KEBUTUHAN MANUSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Albert Utama ◽  
Sutarki Sutisna
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Livestock Animal ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
The Times

The Living Bot is a project where future residential buildings will adapt to the times. In the coming year, the human population will continue to grow, so that it will use the land as a place for various needs such as shelter, activities, and other things. Along with this increase in human population, the land will also shrink while the land itself is needed so that humans can meet their food needs either from farming (plants), or through livestock (animal). Therefore, The Living Bot created a system in which human implementation begins to adapt to the life in which they live by implementing a residential system that can produce their own food with plantings that maximize vertical land. This form of shelter can be used as a system so that its application can be carried out. Adaptations that are carried out are by changing the lifestyle of humans to the use of technology. The lifestyle that must adapt is by farming, assisted by A.I. technology. because humans in urban areas do not have a background in growing a food crop. Therefore technology is present in helping urban communities, also assisted by modern planting methods such as using hydroponics, aquaponics, aeroponics, and indoor planting techniques assisted by artificial light such as LEDs. Keywords: Adaptation; Techonology Abstrak The Living Bot merupakan sebuah proyek dimana bangunan hunian pada masa depan akan beradaptasi dengan perkembangan zaman. Pada tahun yang akan datang, populasi manusia akan terus bertambah, sehingga akan menggunakan lahan sebagai tempat untuk berbagai macam kebutuhan seperti tempat tinggal, aktivitas, dan hal lainnya. Seiring dengan pertambahan populasi manusia ini, lahan juga akan semakin menyempit sedangkan lahan sendiri diperlukan agar manusia dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pangannya baik dari hasil bertani (tumbuh-tumbuhan), ataupun melalui peternakan (hewani). Maka dari itu The Living Bot membuat suatu sistem yaitu dimana implementasi manusia mulai beradaptasi dengan kehidupan tempat tinggalnya dengan menerapkan sistem hunian yang dapat menghasilkan makanannya sendiri dengan penanaman-penanaman yang memaksimalkan lahan secara vertikal.Bentuk hunian seperti ini dapat dijadikan sebuah sistem sehingga penerapannya dapat dilakukan di berbagai hunian Adaptasi yang dilakukan adalah dengan mengubah gaya hidup manusia sampai kepada pengunaan teknologi. Adapun gaya hidup yang harus beradaptasi adalah dengan bercocok tanam, dengan dibantu oleh teknologi A.I. karena manusia yang ada di perkotaan tidak memiliki latar belakang dalam menanam sebuah tanaman pangan. Maka dari itu teknologi hadir dalam membantu masyarakat kota, juga dibantu oleh metode menanam yang modern seperti menggunakan hidroponik, akuaponik, aeroponik, dan teknik penanaman indoor yang dibantu oleh cahaya buatan seperti LED.

scholarly journals Seasonal patterns of dengue incidence in Thailand across the urban-rural gradient

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qifang Bi ◽  
Derek AT Cummings ◽  
Nicholas G. Reich ◽  
Lindsay T. Keegan ◽  
Joshua Kaminsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Analysis ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Disease Dynamics ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Dengue Epidemics

AbstractIn Southeast Asia, endemic dengue follows strong spatio-temporal patterns with major epidemics occurring every 2-5 years. However, important spatio-temporal variation in seasonal dengue epidemics remains poorly understood. Using 13 years (2003-2015) of dengue surveillance data from 926 districts in Thailand and wavelet analysis, we show that rural epidemics lead urban epidemics within a dengue season, both nationally and within health regions. However, local dengue fade-outs are more likely in rural areas than in urban areas during the off season, suggesting rural areas are not the source of viral dispersion. Simple dynamic models show that stronger seasonal forcing in rural areas could explain the inconsistency between earlier rural epidemics and dengue “over wintering” in urban areas. These results add important nuance to earlier work showing the importance of urban areas in driving multi-annual patterns of dengue incidence in Thailand. Feedback between geographically linked locations with markedly different ecology is key to explaining full disease dynamics across urban-rural gradient.

scholarly journals Análise da Variação Espaço-Temporal das Áreas Verdes e da Qualidade Ambiental em Áreas Urbanas, Recife-PE (Analysis of the Time-Space Variation of Green Areas and the Environmental Quality in Urban Areas, Recife-PE)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1196
Author(s):  
Tiago Henrique de Oliveira ◽  
José Gleidson Dantas ◽  
Josiclêda Domiciano Galvíncio ◽  
Rejane Magalhães de Mendonça Pimentel ◽  
Milton Botler
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Spatio Temporal

As rápidas mudanças do uso e cobertura do solo em ambiente urbano apresentam grande impacto nas relações entre os ciclos energéticos e hidrológicos sobre a superfície. O município do Recife, através da Lei de Uso e Ocupação do Solo de 1996 (Lei nº 16.176/96) define área verde como “toda área de domínio público ou privado, em solo natural,onde predomina qualquer forma de vegetação, distribuída em seus diferentes estratos: Arbóreo, Arbustivo e Herbáceo /Forrageira, nativa ou exótica”. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a variação espacial das áreas verdes disponíveis no município do Recife e a evolução espaço-temporal da qualidade ambiental na RPA 4 através do computo do Índice de umidade (NDWI), Índice de Área Foliar (IAF) e Temperatura da superfície em imagens TM Landsat. Foi realizada uma classificação supervisionada na ortofotocarta Recife onde as áreas verdes foram exportadas para polígonos, permitindo a sua quantificação. Para as imagens TM foi aplicada parte da metodologia SEBAL. As áreas verdes ocupam 45,58% do Recife. Os transectos lineares e perfis permitiram visualizar mais facilmente as mudanças espaço-temporais ocorridos na RPA-4. Foi visualizada grande diferença de temperatura entre as áreas vegetadas e as áreas mais urbanizadas. Palavras-chave: Uso e ocupação do solo; área urbana, áreas vegetadas, sensoriamento remoto; MAXVER. A B S T R A C T The rapid change of use and land cover in urban environment poses great impact on relations between energy and hydrological cycles on the surface. The municipality of Recife, through the Land Use Legislation from 1996 (Law No. 16.176/96) defines green area as ";;;;;;any public or private domain area, in natural soil, where overcrows any form of vegetation, distributed in its different layers: Arboreal, shrubby and Herbaceous Forage, native or exotic";;;;;;. The goal of this paper is to analyze the spatial variation of available green areas in the city of Recife and the spatio-temporal evolution of environmental quality in the Political Administrative Region 4, known as RPA-4, through the calculation of moisture content (NDWI), leaf area index (LAI) and the surface temperature from Landsat TM images. Supervised classification was performed on orthophoto Reef where the green areas were exported to polygons, allowing its quantification. For the TM images, it has been applied the methodology SEBAL. The green areas occupy 45.58% of Recife. The linear transects and profiles allowed to show more easily space-time changes occurring in the RPA-4. Large temperature differences have been displayed between the most vegetated areas and more urbanized areas. Key-words: Land use; urban areas; vegetated area, remote sensing; MAXVER.

scholarly journals From Dusk till “DAU”: the Rise of Heterotopic Cinema in the Times of Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
Alexandre Zaezjev
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Times

AbstractThe release of Ilya Khrzhanovsky’s megalomaniacal cinematic project DAU coincided with the global Covid-19 pandemic. With festivals postponed and public screenings no longer possible, Khrzhanovsky moved his project online, integrating the unprecedented experience of the global lockdown and quarantine into the cinematic universe of DAU. Using the concept of heterotopia devised by French philosopher Michel Foucault, this paper examines the ways in which self-isolation altered the conditions of spatio-temporal engagement with DAU. Ultimately, the paper presents an original theoretical model of heterotopic cinema to demonstrate that confinement is precisely what allows Khrzhanovskiy’s artistic method to fully function.

The effects of the Syrian civil war on atmospheric NH3 as seen from IASI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimal Abeed ◽  
Sarah Safieddine ◽  
Lieven Clarisse ◽  
Martin Van Damme ◽  
Pierre-François Coheur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Syrian Civil War ◽  
Agricultural Emissions ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Ammonia Plant ◽  
Political Economic

<p>The Syrian civil war started in 2011, with dramatic social, political, economic, and environmental consequences over the whole area of Syria and nearby countries. Agriculture, in particular, suffered massively. Several studies used satellite-retrieved data and imagery to examine the spatio-temporal changes in the region, due to the civil war. For instance, open-source satellite imagery could show the damage in urban areas, and provide an estimate of the number of people affected by the crisis.</p><p>In this study, we investigate the impacts of the Syrian civil war on atmospheric ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) emitted from industrial and agricultural activities during the 2008-2019 period. Our analyses are based on the NH<sub>3</sub> measurements from the IASI instruments onboard the Metop satellites. Firstly, land-use changes and a decrease in agricultural emissions are explored over the country. We also investigate the changes in atmospheric NH<sub>3</sub> over an ammonia plant, which activities have been suspended due to several conflict-related events. We show that the NH<sub>3</sub> columns retrieved from IASI are directly affected by the war, and those periods of intense conflict and siege are reflected in lower NH<sub>3</sub> concentrations, which are not driven by meteorology. The interpretation of the identified changes in atmospheric NH<sub>3</sub> is supported by the analyses of NO<sub>2</sub> columns from GOME-2 as well as satellite imagery and land cover data. The latter is used to highlight the change in croplands’ area over the years, and the satellite images are used to show the activity of the ammonia plant.</p>

Analysis of the Influence of Properties Management in the Region on the Transaction Prices Level of Unbuilt Land Properties – Case Study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Mika ◽  
Monika Siejka ◽  
Przemysław Len
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Market ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Transaction Prices ◽  
State Of The Economy ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Real Estate Management

This article presents the results of analysis of the influence of selected economic, legal and environmental factors on the level of transaction prices of unbuilt land properties, in two randomly selected districts of the southern Poland. The results of the research allowed extraction of a group of factors influencing the spatial distribution of the average prices of the surveyed properties. They gave also the answer to the question about the extent to which the unit prices are confirmed by the state of properties management in the region. An analysis of the existing state in the selected region based on the analysis of the local market was performed. Furthermore, the conformity of local plans for the studied areas was examined, as well as an analysis of spatio-temporal distribution of transaction prices of real estate was performed. The research has shown that the level of transaction prices on the local real estate markets is related to the real estate management of the surveyed areas. The state of the economy is affected by many factors, most important of which seems to be the location in relation to urban areas and the condition of the access roads. The undertaken tests correspond with the directions of the world research.

Expanding the Strategic Role of Information Interactions in the Enterprise Environment

2010 ◽  
pp. 470-488
Author(s):  
Judit Olah ◽  
Ole Axvig
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Modern Enterprise ◽  
Information Interaction ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Product Outcome

In a modern enterprise environment, many information resources are available to people working to produce valuable output. Due to technology proliferation, remote work access, and multiple geographical locations generating their own solutions for local infrastructure challenges, as well as the fact that modern professionals are tasked to make decisions autonomously, it is not self-evident what types of information resources could or should be accessed in what order in order to move processes towards the desired product outcome. Our integrated model was developed using the results of an empirical study. The model puts a user-centered focus on business process model building by mapping all information interactions surrounding the business processes (i.e. creation, storage, management, retrieval of documents/ contents as well as information and data). The model characterizes the business processes by types of information interaction, analyzes process phases by those interactions and evaluates actual locations of information content extractions.

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