Electroencephalogram in premature infants: from normal to pathological activity

This study was aimed to assess electrophysiological brain activity in newborns of various gestational ages using electroencephalography (EEG). We summarized the data on the main EEG characteristics of premature infants and their dynamics and described the most common pathological EEG changes that can be identified at this age. We also discussed prognostic value of various neonatal EEG patterns (including their proportion and location), which allow verification of functional brain disorders at early stages.

Download Full-text

Computationally replicating the Smith et al. (2015) positive-negative mode linking functional connectivity and subject measures

10.1101/2020.04.23.058313 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nikhil Goyal ◽

Dustin Moraczewski ◽

Peter Bandettini ◽

Emily S. Finn ◽

Adam Thomas

Keyword(s):

Brain Activity ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Activity Data ◽

Functional Brain ◽

Human Connectome Project ◽

Using Data ◽

Functional Brain Activity ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Landmark Study

AbstractUnderstanding brain functionality and predicting human behavior based on functional brain activity is a major goal of neuroscience. Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the relationship between functional brain activity and attention, subject characteristics, autism, psychiatric disorders, and more. By modeling brain activity data as networks, researchers can leverage the mathematical tools of graph and network theory to probe these relationships. In their landmark study, Smith et al. (2015) analyzed the relationship of young adult connectomes and subject measures, using data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). Using canonical correlation analysis (CCA), Smith et al. found that there was a single prominent CCA mode which explained a statistically significant percentage of the observed variance in connectomes and subject measures. They also found a strong positive correlation of 0.87 between the primary CCA mode connectome and subject measure weights. In this study, we computationally replicate the findings of the original study in both the HCP 500 and HCP 1200 subject releases. The exact computational replication in the HCP 500 dataset was a success, validating our analysis pipeline for extension studies. The extended replication in the larger HCP 1200 dataset was partially successful and demonstrated a dominant primary mode.

Download Full-text

The effects of chronic tDCS on functional brain activity and sustained attention performance

Brain Stimulation ◽

10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.766 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 536

Author(s):

R. Mc Kinley ◽

M. Sherwood ◽

C. Mullenger ◽

L. McIntire

Keyword(s):

Sustained Attention ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Functional Brain ◽

Attention Performance ◽

Functional Brain Activity

Download Full-text

P2-333: ASSOCIATION OF WHITE MATTER INTEGRITY AND FUNCTIONAL BRAIN ACTIVITY IN COGNITIVE AGING

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.2740 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. P718-P718

Author(s):

Rebecca J. Melrose ◽

Ariana Stickel ◽

Joseph Veliz ◽

David L. Sultzer ◽

Amy Jimenez

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Cognitive Aging ◽

Brain Activity ◽

White Matter Integrity ◽

Functional Brain ◽

Functional Brain Activity

Download Full-text

P3-474: OBJECTIVE CARDIOMETABOLIC DEMENTIA-RELATED RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH FUNCTIONAL BRAIN ACTIVITY IN OLDER ADULTS: AN EVENT-RELATED POTENTIAL STUDY

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.3509 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. P1149-P1149

Author(s):

Hannah Keage ◽

Daniel Feuerriegel ◽

Danielle Greaves ◽

Emma Tregoweth ◽

Scott Coussens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Event Related Potential ◽

Functional Brain ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Potential Study ◽

Related Risk ◽

Functional Brain Activity

Download Full-text

Neurophenomenology of near-death experience memory in hypnotic recall: a within-subject EEG study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-50601-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Charlotte Martial ◽

Armand Mensen ◽

Vanessa Charland-Verville ◽

Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse ◽

Daniel Rentmeister ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Subjective Experience ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Alpha Activity ◽

High Density ◽

Proof Of Concept ◽

Time Period ◽

Death Experience ◽

Eeg Changes ◽

The One ◽

Near Death Experiences

Abstract The neurobiological basis of near-death experiences (NDEs) is unknown, but a few studies attempted to investigate it by reproducing in laboratory settings phenomenological experiences that seem to closely resemble NDEs. So far, no study has induced NDE-like features via hypnotic modulation while simultaneously measuring changes in brain activity using high-density EEG. Five volunteers who previously had experienced a pleasant NDE were invited to re-experience the NDE memory and another pleasant autobiographical memory (dating to the same time period), in normal consciousness and with hypnosis. We compared the hypnosis-induced subjective experience with the one of the genuine experience memory. Continuous high-density EEG was recorded throughout. At a phenomenological level, we succeeded in recreating NDE-like features without any adverse effects. Absorption and dissociation levels were reported as higher during all hypnosis conditions as compared to normal consciousness conditions, suggesting that our hypnosis-based protocol increased the felt subjective experience in the recall of both memories. The recall of a NDE phenomenology was related to an increase of alpha activity in frontal and posterior regions. This study provides a proof-of-concept methodology for studying the phenomenon, enabling to prospectively explore the NDE-like features and associated EEG changes in controlled settings.

Download Full-text

Prognostic Factors in the Electro-Shock Treatment of Depressive States

Journal of Mental Science ◽

10.1192/bjp.105.440.703 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 105 (440) ◽

pp. 703-713 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Julian M. Roberts

Keyword(s):

Prognostic Value ◽

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽

Clinical Value ◽

Adrenocortical Activity ◽

The Past ◽

Eeg Changes ◽

Specific Factors ◽

Blood Pressure Responses ◽

Intravenous Sodium ◽

Depressive States

During the past ten years varying degrees of prognostic value have been claimed, directly or indirectly, for a number of specific factors in connection with the treatment of depressive illnesses by E.C.T. These have included the blood pressure responses to adrenaline and methacholine (Funkensteinet al., 1948, 1950); the “sedation threshold” to intravenous sodium amylobarbitone (Shagass, 1954; Shagass and Jones, 1958); EEG changes under thiopentone following electroshock (Roth, 1951; Rothet al., 1957); and psychological tests based on items derived from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (Pearson, 1950; Feldman, 1957, 1958; Welsh, 1952). Other studies have been made on the prognostic value of adrenocortical activity (Faureet al., 1957); serum calcium levels (Gour and Chaudhry, 1957); the “amytal test” (Kahnet al., 1956); and the administration of methylamphetamine (“methedrine”) (Rudolf, 1956). Some of the techniques employed appear too complicated or unreliable in their interpretation to be of any practical clinical value, although a few are of great theoretical value in the contributions to further knowledge of the rationale of E.C.T.

Download Full-text