LOW-COST SYSTEM FOR ON-LINE MEASUREMENT OF PLANT TRANSPIRATION AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN GREENHOUSE PRODUCTION

This paper describes an attempt to develop a new NIR spectrometer to sort fruits according to the sugar content in the conditioning stations. This spectrometer, ranging from 800 to 1050 nm, is based on diode array technology. It is coupled with fiber optics, which allow multiplexing; 20 fibers have been detected by the camera, showing the potential multiplexing of 20 different points. The acquisition time is 40 ms per image (i.e., 2 ms per spectrum). A good signal-to-noise ratio has been recorded in the 820–1010 nm range. This spectrometer has been tested with a set of 79 peaches. Partial least-squares processing is applied to different wavelength ranges. The best coefficient of correlation, achieved with a reduced wavelength range (from 847 to 977 nm), is 0.81, and the standard error of prediction is 1.04°Brix. With this calibration, the fruits can be sorted into three maturity classes with a reliability of 76%. This performance, as well as the other characteristics of the instrument, is in accordance with the requirements of the conditioning station managers.

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A low-cost system for computerized rodent weight logging with statistical analysis

Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1258/002367789780886894 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 39-42

Author(s):

L. S. Young ◽

R. J. East ◽

T. Fearn

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Data Collection ◽

Personal Computer ◽

Low Cost ◽

Computer Programs ◽

Current Loop ◽

Computer Data ◽

Cost System ◽

On Line ◽

Weight Data

A system comprising a suite of 4 computer programs has been developed for on-line rodent weight data collection and statistical analysis using an IBM personal computer. Data can be collected from up to 3 separate trials simultaneously, and can be stored for later statistical analysis. Mettler balances were used for the animal weighing. A Mettler current loop adapter and a multiplexer were used to interface the balances with the computer.

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Capacitance Automatic Measurement Method of the Thickness of Liquid Film on Plat Form

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.381-382.157 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 381-382 ◽

pp. 157-160

Author(s):

Shu Xing Xu ◽

B. Wang ◽

Yi Zhong Zheng

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Virtual Instrument ◽

Measurement Method ◽

Low Cost ◽

Measurement Theory ◽

Water Film ◽

Automatic Measurement ◽

Time Data ◽

Line Measurement ◽

On Line

The thickness of water film is an important parameter in the field of chemical industry. Water film is formed by the flowing water, which flows through a narrow channel. So it is difficult to use contact gauges to measure the water film because it’s flowing so fast that if it is touched, the thickness will be changed. A low-cost and high precision non-contact measurement method—capacitive sensor is used as the sensor of the thickness of water film, virtual instrument is used to analyze the measurement state. In contrast to the conventional stand-alone instruments, a PC based virtual instrument for the measurement of water film is proposed in this paper. Based on on-line measurement theory, real time voltages should be collected to PC. These voltages will be computed by formulas in Labview and the real time data of thickness will be plotted on the screen. If bad signal got, it will give error alarm. The method of the measurement of water film can save a lot of fees of research and applications, and be easy to apply in other measurement and control fields. The basic principle and working process of capacitive micrometer, denoise method, the method of capacitive calibration, virtual instrument data acquisition system and on-line measurement of water film, will be further discussed in this paper.

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A Novel Correlation for Rapid Lactose Determination in Milk by a Cryoscopic Technique

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.1093/jaoac/89.6.1581 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 89 (6) ◽

pp. 1581-1584 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Carmen Colinas ◽

Ignacio Barrera ◽

Carlos A Blanco

Keyword(s):

Freezing Point ◽

Low Cost ◽

Line Measurement ◽

Lactose Concentration ◽

Close Relationship ◽

On Line ◽

Simple Measurement ◽

Enzymatic Procedure ◽

Spectrophotometric Control ◽

Operational Simplicity

Abstract Residual lactose in special milk was systematically determined for people with lactose intolerance by means of a rapid on-line measurement of the cryoscopic point. A proposed cryoscopic procedure was compared to 2 conventional yet highly laborious methods: the enzymatic procedure with spectrophotometric control and the polarimetric method. Several experiments with different mixtures of both semi-skimmed and low-lactose milk were performed. A lineal relationship was found between lactose concentration and freezing point, the analytical equation for which shows a close relationship regarding the 3 methods used. The advantages of the cryoscopic procedure include speed in obtaining results and operational simplicity at a low cost, better monitoring of enzymatic hydrolysis kinetics, and greater control over the production process for delactosed milk. The equation obtained also enables prediction of the lactose percentage in commercial milk by a simple measurement of freezing point.

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Microcomputer-assisted on-line measurement of breathing pattern and occlusion pressure

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1984.56.1.235 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 235-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

F. G. Lind ◽

A. B. Truve ◽

B. P. Lindborg

Keyword(s):

Breathing Pattern ◽

Low Cost ◽

Occlusion Pressure ◽

Flexible System ◽

Analog Signals ◽

Occlusion Device ◽

Mouth Pressure ◽

Line Measurement ◽

On Line ◽

Mouth Occlusion Pressure

A flexible system has been developed for on-line breath-by-breath measurements of variables commonly included in studies of breathing pattern and mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1). The system, utilizing analog signals for mouth pressure and inspiratory flow as inputs, includes a breathing pattern monitor and a pneumatically driven occlusion device designed to be compatible with a low-cost microcomputer and analog and/or digital readout instruments. The design of the system permits accurate breathing pattern and P0.1 measurements even at the highest flow and breathing frequency encountered in muscular exercise studies.

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SISTEMA DE BAIXO CUSTO PARA EXECUÇÃO E MONITORAMENTO ON-LINE DE REAÇÕES FOTOCATALÍTICAS: APLICAÇÃO EM REDUÇÃO DE NITRO-FENOL

Química Nova ◽

10.21577/0100-4042.20170794 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Byanca Salvati ◽

Sirlon Blaskievicz ◽

Patricia Corradini ◽

Lucia Mascaro

Keyword(s):

Organic Contaminants ◽

Online Monitoring ◽

Low Cost ◽

Kinetic Curve ◽

Reduction Reaction ◽

Cost System ◽

Research And Teaching ◽

Chromophore Concentration ◽

On Line ◽

Global Concern

LOW-COST SYSTEM FOR ONLINE MONITORING OF PHOTOCALYTICAL REACTIONS: APPLICATION IN NITROPHENOL. There is a global concern with pollutants and organic contaminants and efficient and inexpensive methods are sought for the treatment of these toxic products. Generally, large volume reactors and the use of expensive equipment are required to monitor a photoreaction. The present work proposes the construction of a colorimetric equipment, which allows the online monitoring of photoreactions, using low-cost materials that allow the analysis from small aliquots. To show the applicability of the system, we studied the reduction reaction of 4-nitrophenol (4NP) with NaBH4. The impedimetric sensor enabled to construct the kinetic curve of the decrease in the chromophore band. It was possible to observe that the 4NP reduction reaction depends on: (i) chromophore concentration; (ii) stability of the reducing agent and; (iii) repulsion between the anions. The system developed here opens doors, as it can be used using a photocatalyst in the form of film, and it has also proved to be an inexpensive alternative for both research and teaching laboratories, as it allows the execution of chemical physics practices such as kinetic monitoring of reactions and mathematical adjustment of the curves.

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Thickness Measurement in the AEM by Macintosh-Based Analysis of Two-Beam Convergent Beam Patterns

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010013612x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 504-505

Author(s):

John F. Mansfield ◽

Douglas C. Crawford

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Video Camera ◽

Thickness Measurement ◽

Specimen Thickness ◽

Crystalline Materials ◽

Beam Dynamic ◽

Line Measurement ◽

On Line ◽

Image Position ◽

Convergent Beam

A method has been developed that allows on-line measurement of the thickness of crystalline materials in the analytical electron microscope. Two-beam convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) patterns are digitized from a JEOL 2000FX electron microscope into an Apple Macintosh II microcomputer via a Gatan #673 CCD Video Camera and an Imaging Systems Technology Video 1000 frame-capture board. It is necessary to know the lattice parameters of the sample since measurements are made of the spacing of the diffraction discs in order to calibrate the pattern. The sample thickness is calculated from measurements of the spacings of the fringes that are seen in the diffraction discs. This technique was pioneered by Kelly et al, who used the two-beam dynamic theory of MacGillavry relate the deviation parameter (Si) of the ith fringe from the exact Bragg condition to the specimen thickness (t) with the equation:Where ξg, is the extinction distance for that reflection and ni is an integer.

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