EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT VALUE AND TIME TREATMENTS ON ELIMINATION OF CARNATION MOTTLE VIRUS AND IN VITRO PLANTLET REGENERATION OF CARNATION (DIANTHUS CARYOPHYLLUS)

Carnation mottle virus (CarMV) merupakan virus penting pada tanaman anyelir di Indonesia maupun di dunia. Deteksi virus yang mudah dan cepat, diperlukan untuk memantau sumber induk anyelir bebas virus. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi tiga metode preparasi RNA total yang mudah dan cepat dari tanaman anyelir sebagai templat one step RT-PCR. Sumber RNA total adalah dari daun dan batang anyelir terinfeksi CarMV. Metode yang dievaluasi yaitu SDT, SEM, dan kit komersial sebagai pembanding. Optimasi dilakukan terhadap konsentrasi akhir primer (0.4 – 1.0 µM) dan MgCl2 (1.5 dan 2.0 mM). Metode SDT dan SEM berhasil mendapat RNA total dari tanaman anyelir baik dari sampel daun maupun batang. Keberhasilan yang didapat dengan metode SDT dan SEM sebanding dengan kit komersial. One step RT-PCR RNA total yang digabungkan dengan metode SDT dan SEM menghasilkan intensitas DNA yang sebanding dengan kit komersial. RNA total dari daun sebagai sumber templat one step RT-PCR terbaik dibandingkan batang. Preparasi RNA total dengan metode SDT dan SEM adalah metode cepat, mudah, dan murah dalam menyediakan templat one step RT-PCR. Konsentrasi primer 0.4 µM dan MgCl2 2 mM merupakan konsentrasi optimum dan menghasilkan hasil amplifikasi terbaik

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Eliminasi Carnation Mottle Virus Menggunakan Senyawa Antiviral pada Kultur Jaringan Anyelir (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)

Jurnal Hortikultura ◽

10.21082/jhort.v25n3.2015.p229-237 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 229

Author(s):

Erniawati Diningsih ◽

Gede Suastika ◽

Tri Asmira Damayanti ◽

S Susanto

Keyword(s):

Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽

Mottle Virus ◽

Carnation Mottle Virus

Carnation mottle virus (CarMV) merupakan salah satu virus penting pada tanaman anyelir dan semua kultivar anyelir yang ditanam di Jawa Barat terinfeksi oleh virus ini. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan metode eliminasi CarMV yang efektif untuk membebaskan planlet anyelir dari virus. Inisiasi eksplant terinfeksi dilakukan pada media MSO dan perbanyakan planlet dilakukan pada media perbanyakan MS yang mengandung 1,0 ppm BA dan 0,5 ppm kinetin (MSZ). Metode eliminasi CarMV yang diuji terdiri atas perlakuan 2-thiourasil dan amantadin dengan konsentrasi masing-masing 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 30 ppm, dan ribavirin 5 ppm sebagai pembanding. Tunas apikal planlet ditanam pada media perlakuan (MSZA). Setelah tunas tumbuh, meristem terminal diambil 0,5 mm untuk ditanam pada media MSZ. Kultur meristem terminal dari planlet pada perlakuan 2- thiourasil menghasilkan planlet bebas virus sebesar 0 – 57%. Konsentrasi 2-thiourasil 25 ppm menghasilkan persentase planlet bebas virus tertinggi, namun perlakuan tersebut toksik pada tanaman. Perlakuan amantadin menghasilkan 25,0 – 54,55% planlet bebas virus. Di antara perlakuan yang diuji, perlakuan antiviral amantadin dengan konsentrasi 5 – 30 ppm lebih optimal menghasilkan planlet anyelir bebas CarMV dan tidak toksik terhadap tanaman. Perlakuan amantadin 5 – 20 ppm mampu menghambat virus lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan 2-thiourasil pada konsentrasi yang sama. Amantadin 5 – 30 ppm menghasilkan tingkat penghambatan virus sebesar 42,94 – 59,57%, sedangkan 2-thiourasil sebesar -8,18 – 63,03%. Senyawa 2-thiourasil dan amantadin berpotensi sebagai agen antiviral untuk mendapatkan tanaman anyelir bebas CarMV.

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An encapsidated, subgenomic messenger RNA encodes the coat protein of carnation mottle virus

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1007/bf01116893 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 4 (11) ◽

pp. 949-956 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sally-Ann Harbison ◽

T. Michael A. Wilson ◽

Jeffrey W. Davies

Keyword(s):

Coat Protein ◽

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Messenger Rna ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Mottle Virus ◽

Free System ◽

Translation Strategy ◽

Internal Initiation ◽

Carnation Mottle Virus

The translation strategy of carnation mottle virus (CarMV) in vitro has been generally assumed to involve internal initiation events on full-length, genomic RNA (4.3 kb). We suggest that this is, at least in part, incorrect. Encapsidated RNA, fractionated on denaturing sucrose gradients, or total RNA from CarMV-infected leaves, fractionated under non-denaturing conditions, was translated in an mRNA-dependent rabbit reticulocyte cell-free system. Evidence for subgenomic RNAs which encode a polypeptide of Mr 38 000 was found. This product was shown to be related to authentic CarMV coat protein by partial proteolysis with α-chymotrypsin and SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis.

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Carnation mottle virus. [Distribution map].

Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases ◽

10.1079/dmpd/20073215038 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Central America ◽

Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Mottle Virus ◽

Distribution Map ◽

Calla Lily ◽

Virus Distribution ◽

New Distribution ◽

Distribution In Europe ◽

Carnation Mottle Virus

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Carnation mottle virus. Tombusviridae: Carmovirus. Hosts: carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus), sweet william (D. barbatus), Begonia elatior [B. hiemalis], B. cheinamantha, Daphne odorata, calla lily (Zantedeschia sp.) and garden lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Spain, UK and Ukraine) and Asia (Fujian, Hebei, Jiangsu, Yunnan and Zhejiang, China; Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh, India; Iran, Israel; Honshu, Japan; Korea Republic; Lebanon; and Taiwan), Africa (Egypt), North America (British Columbia and Ontario, Canada; Mexico; and California, Colorado, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin, USA), Central America and Carribean (Cuba), South America (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, and São Paulo, Brazil) and Oceania (Victoria, Australia, and New Zealand).

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First Report of Carnation mottle virus in Calla lily (Zantedeschia spp.)

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2003.87.12.1539c ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 87 (12) ◽

pp. 1539-1539 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

C.-C. Chen ◽

W.-F. Ko ◽

C.-Y. Lin ◽

F.-J. Jan ◽

H. T. Hsu

Keyword(s):

Mosaic Virus ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽

Spherical Particles ◽

Mottle Virus ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Infected Leaf ◽

First Report ◽

Cp Gene ◽

Carnation Mottle Virus

Calla lilies are ornamental plants of major economic importance in Taiwan. They are grown in the central and northern areas of the island, and ≈3 million stems are shipped annually. Calla lilies are susceptible to several viruses (1). Infections by Cucumber mosaic virus, Dasheen mosaic virus, Turnip mosaic virus, and Watermelon silver mottle virus were reported in Taiwan. Recently, virus-like symptoms including yellow mottling, light yellow spot, yellow ringspot, and mosaic were observed on leaves of field-grown calla lilies from Changhua County, located in central Taiwan. In March 2001, a virus culture was isolated from diseased calla lilies and established in Chenopodium quinoa Willd. and Nicotiana benthamiana Domin. When inoculated with the virus, healthy calla lilies developed chlorotic spots that enlarged and fused to form large, yellow patches on inoculated leaves. Symptoms were similar to those on the naturally infected plants observed in the fields. The virus induced chlorotic local lesions on C. quinoa, C. ficifolium Sm., C. amaranticolor Coste & Reyn, Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex Poir, Lisianthus russellianum (Don.) Griseb, Phaseolus angularis Wight, Vigna angularis Willd., and V. radiata (L.) Wilczek. In addition to the localized chlorotic spots on inoculated leaves, systemic invasion of the virus was also observed 8 to 10 days postinoculation in Dianthus caryophyllus L., D. chinensis L., and Glycine max Merr. In N. benthamiana, the only symptom observed was systemic wilting. Examination of 2% of uranyl-acetate-stained samples using electron microscopy revealed the presence of spherical particles ≈34 to 35 nm in diameter in crude extracts of leaves of diseased calla lilies, or infected C. quinoa. Similar particles were also observed in the cytoplasm but not in the nuclei in ultrathin sections of virus-infected leaf tissues of C. quinoa and N. benthamiana. Differential centrifugation followed by sucrose density gradient centrifugation of tissue extracts of infected C. quinoa yielded virions with similar size. Sodium dodesyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified virus showed a single structural polypeptide ith a Mr of 41.6 kDa. The viral antigen reacted positively with its homologous antiserum and an antiserum against Carnation mottle virus (CarMV; Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN) in double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Using primers 5′-CTCCATGGTCATGGAA(A/G)ATAAA GGAGAA and 3′-CAACAAATATCCTACACTGTCCTAGGTG specific to the coat protein (CP) gene of CarMV, an expected viral CP gene product of 1.05 kb was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from total RNA isolated from infected N. benthamiana. Comparisons of the 1,047-nucleotide CP gene with those of 15 CarMV isolates available in GenBank showed 94.6 to 98.2% nucleotide identity and 94.8 to 96.8% amino acid identity. Results from current studies indicate that the virus infecting calla lilies is an isolate of CarMV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CarMV infection in calla lilies. The occurrence of CarMV in calla lilies has direct implication for the economically important nursery and floral industry in Taiwan. Reference: (1) F. W. Zettler and R. D. Hartman. Dieffenbachia, Caladium, and Zantedeschia. Pages 464–470 in: Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Bulb and Flower Crops. G. Loebenstein, R. H. Lawson, and A. A. Brunt, eds. John Wiley and Sons, West Sussex, U.K., 1995.

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Thermal and non-thermal effects of capacitive–resistive electric transfer application on different structures of the knee: a cadaveric study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-78612-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jacobo Rodríguez-Sanz ◽

Albert Pérez-Bellmunt ◽

Carlos López-de-Celis ◽

Orosia María Lucha-López ◽

Vanessa González-Rueda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Power ◽

Electric Current ◽

Thermal Effects ◽

Sports Medicine ◽

Current Flow ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Science Data ◽

Fresh Frozen ◽

Inflammatory Processes

AbstractCapacitive–resistive electric transfer therapy is used in physical rehabilitation and sports medicine to treat muscle, bone, ligament and tendon injuries. The purpose is to analyze the temperature change and transmission of electric current in superficial and deep knee tissues when applying different protocols of capacitive–resistive electric transfer therapy. Five fresh frozen cadavers (10 legs) were included in this study. Four interventions (high/low power) were performed for 5 min by a physiotherapist with experience. Dynamic movements were performed to the posterior region of the knee. Capsular, intra-articular and superficial temperature were recorded at 1-min intervals and 5 min after the treatment, using thermocouples placed with ultrasound guidance. The low-power protocols had only slight capsular and intra-capsular thermal effects, but electric current flow was observed. The high-power protocols achieved a greater increase in capsular and intra-articular temperature and a greater current flow than the low-power protocols. The information obtained in this in vitro study could serve as basic science data to hypothesize capsular and intra-articular knee recovery in living subjects. The current flow without increasing the temperature in inflammatory processes and increasing the temperature of the tissues in chronic processes with capacitive–resistive electric transfer therapy could be useful for real patients.

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Influence of growth regulators and explants on shoot regeneration in carnation

Horticultural Science ◽

10.17221/1/2009-hortsci ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 36 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 140-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J.K. Kanwar ◽

S. Kumar

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Shoot Regeneration ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Shoot Bud ◽

Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽

Number Of Shoots

The influence of growth regulators, explants and their interactions on in vitro shoot bud formation from callus was studied in Dianthus caryophyllus L. The leaf and internode explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations of growth regulators. The highest callus induction was observed with 2 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 1 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA). Out of twenty seven shoot regeneration media tested, only 2 mg/l thidiazuron (TDZ) and zeatin alone or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and/or indole acetic acid (IAA) could differentiate calli. The highest average number of shoots was observed with 2 mg/l TDZ and 1 mg/l IAA. Significant differences were observed in calli producing shoots and number of shoots per callus in the explants of leaf and internode. The shoots were elongated and multiplied on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BA and solidified with 1% agar. The shoots were rooted and hardened with 76% survival success in pots after six weeks of transfer to the pots.

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