STUDY ON POLLEN NUMBER, POLLEN VITALITY AND BLOOMING TIME OF SOUR JUJUBE (ZIZIPHUS ACIDOJUJUBA C.Y. CHENG ET M.J. LIU)

2013 ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
Q.H. Shi ◽  
P. Liu ◽  
Z.H. Zhao ◽  
M.J. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Number ◽  
Pollen Vitality

scholarly journals A simplified method for differential staining of aborted and non-aborted pollen grains

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Peterson ◽  
Janet P. Slovin ◽  
Changbin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Chloral Hydrate ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Pollen Vitality

The ability to use chemical staining to discriminate aborted from non-aborted pollen grains has well-known practical applications in agriculture. A commonly used technique for assessing pollen vitality, Alexander’s stain, uses chloral hydrate, phenol and mercuric chloride, all of which are highly toxic. We describe here an improved pollen staining technique that avoids the use of a regulated chemical chloral hydrate and two extremely toxic chemicals mercuric chloride and phenol, and requires a much shorter time period for sample preparation and staining. This simplified method is very useful for field studies without high-end equipments such as fluorescence microscopes. Samples can be collected and fixed in the fields and examined in a simple laboratory that has light microscopes.

scholarly journals Effects of Jasmonate on Ethylene Function during the Development of Tomato Stamens

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Schubert ◽  
Stephan Grunewald ◽  
Lea von Sivers ◽  
Bettina Hause
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Stamen Development ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Pollen Release ◽  
Arabidopsis Mutant ◽  
Ethylene Function ◽  
Pollen Vitality

The phenotype of the tomato mutant jasmonate-insensitive1-1 (jai1-1) mutated in the JA-Ile co-receptor COI1 demonstrates JA function in flower development, since it is female-sterile. In addition, jai1-1 exhibits a premature anther dehydration and pollen release, being in contrast to a delayed anther dehiscence in the JA-insensitive Arabidopsis mutant coi1-1. The double mutant jai1-1 Never ripe (jai1-1 Nr), which is in addition insensitive to ethylene (ET), showed a rescue of the jai1-1 phenotype regarding pollen release. This suggests that JA inhibits a premature rise in ET to prevent premature stamen desiccation. To elucidate the interplay of JA and ET in more detail, stamen development in jai1-1 Nr was compared to wild type, jai1-1 and Nr regarding water content, pollen vitality, hormone levels, and accumulation of phenylpropanoids and transcripts encoding known JA- and ET-regulated genes. For the latter, RT-qPCR based on nanofluidic arrays was employed. The data showed that additional prominent phenotypic features of jai1-1, such as diminished water content and pollen vitality, and accumulation of phenylpropanoids were at least partially rescued by the ET-insensitivity. Hormone levels and accumulation of transcripts were not affected. The data revealed that strictly JA-regulated processes cannot be rescued by ET-insensitivity, thereby emphasizing a rather minor role of ET in JA-regulated stamen development.

Temporal patterns of gamete production within individuals of Raphanus sativus (Brassicaceae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen J. Young ◽  
Maureen L. Stanton
Keyword(s):  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Pollen Size ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Ovule Number ◽  
Pollen Number ◽  
Gamete Production ◽  
Phenotypic Gender

Previous studies on the deployment of energy to male and female gametes in plants have concentrated on differences among individuals or among related species. We documented temporal patterns of sex allocation within individual wild radish plants grown under controlled conditions. Lifetime investments in pollen and ovules were determined for four unrelated individuals of Raphanus sativus L. (Brassicaceae). Each individual produced 600–1100 flowers over the approximately 5-week flowering period. Mature floral buds were collected daily and ovule number, pollen grain number, pollen size, and pollen to ovule ratio (P:O) were determined for each. Variation in these traits was partitioned into variation among plants and among dates (representing flowering sequence). There was significant variation among plants for all characters, but because plants responded differently to date for three of the characters, further analyses were performed on a plant-by-plant basis. All plants showed significant reductions in pollen number and P:O through time, three plants showed a significant reduction in pollen size with time, and two plants showed a significant reduction in ovule number with time. The observed variation in phenotypic gender among these plants was not environmentally mediated because all plants were grown together in a controlled environment and therefore the differences in allocation to gametes were due to genetic or developmental differences. A result of intraspecific variation in gamete production is that the success of each individual as a male and female parent is likely to vary both within the population and within the flowering season. Key words: pollen to ovule ratio, Raphanus, pollen number, temporal changes, phenotypic gender, Brassicaceae, radish.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Desain Kotak Terhadap Produktivitas Lebah Trigona sp

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Erwan Erwan ◽  
Dwi K. Purnamasari ◽  
W. Agustin
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Random Design ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Medium Design ◽  
Pollen Number

One of the factors that effect the productivity of honey bees is the factor of temperature and humidity of the nest or stup where the bees live.  A nest or stup with a maintened temperature and humidity will provide the bee comfort for live. This study discusses the effect of stup size design on the productivity honey bee of Trigona sp. This study used a Complete Random Design (CRD) with 3 stup design, namely: Horizontal, Vertical and Medium. Each design size consists of 4 replications, and each replication consists of 2 stup. Data were analyzed using by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's test at 95% confidence level. The parameters observed were number of egg cells and pollen, weight pollen, number of honey pots and volume of honey. The results of the analysis showed that production of the medium design for number of egg cells, pollen, weight pollen, number of honey pots and the volume of honey of Trigona sp was significantly higher than vertical and horizontal design. The conclusion of this study showed that the medium stup is better used in farming system of Trigona sp.

scholarly journals A 31-bp indel localised in the 5' untranslated region of OsSUT3 affects the gene expression and rice (Oryza sativa L.) pollen development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlong Zhang ◽  
Qiuping Li ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Tuo Wang ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Development ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Evolution Analysis ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Pollen Number ◽  
Panicle Traits

OsSUT genes have been demonstrated to be relevant for diverse biological processes in rice. In this study, we identified the close relationship between a 31-bp insertion in a 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of the OsSUT3 gene and higher OsSUT3 expression in rice panicles by qRT-PCR and transgenic research. Statistically significant results (P < 0.01) were found for this 31-bp insertions/deletions (indels) in the rice pollen development and other panicle traits, such as the pollen number, pollen fertility, seeding rate, and grain length. An evolution analysis showed that the proportion of the 31-bp insertion significantly increases in rice domestication. Therefore, the 31-bp Indel could be considered as a convenient molecular marker to screen more pollen and better panicle traits in rice breeding.

scholarly journals Ecology of flowers and morphology of pollen grains of selected Narcissus varieties (Narcissus pseudonarcissus x Narcissus poëticus)

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosława Chwil
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Polar View ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Large Fire ◽  
Anatomic Structure ◽  
Narcissus Poeticus ◽  
Narcissus Pseudonarcissus ◽  
Pollen Vitality ◽  
Scanning Electron

The investigations carried out in the years 2004-2005 covered five varieties of Narcissus (<i>Narcissus pseudonarcissus</i> L. x <i>Narcissus poëticus</i> L.): 'Fire Bird', 'Hardy', 'Ivory Yellow', 'Pomona' and 'The Sun'. Longevity of a flower and the flowering period of the studied Narcissus varieties determined, flower elements were compared, as well as the anatomic structure of ovary and nectary and the morphology of pollen grains. Pollen grains of 'Hardy' and 'The Sun' var. were observed in a scanning electron microscope. The flowering period of 'The Sun' plants appeared to be the longest, while the shortest in the case of 'Fire Bird' and 'Ivory Yellow'. Each perianth of the studied taxons was characterized by a different corolla appendage, from slightly corrugated ('Pomona') to greatly curled, with the notches getting inside and giving impression of a few whort in this part of the perianth ('Ivory Yellow', 'Hardy'). Monosulcate pollen grains with regards to 9 size was numbered among medium ('Pomona', 'The Sun') and large ('Fire Bird', 'Hardy', 'Ivory Yellow'). Their shape was assumed as circular elongated (<i>prolato-spheroides</i>) in polar view and flattened (<i>oblatum</i>) and slightly flat (<i>suboboblatum</i>) in equatorial view. The highest pollen vitality was shown by 'Hardy' variety (92%), whereas for 'The Sun' it proved to be the lowest (22%). In the narcissus flowers, septal nectaries are situated in the upper part of the ovary.

scholarly journals Characterization of F1 interspecific hybrids between wild Helianthus annuus L. populations and cultivated sunflower

Genetika ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sreten Terzic ◽  
Jovanka Atlagic ◽  
Dejana Pankovic
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Interspecific Cross ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Pollen Vitality

Phenotype, chromosomes pairing and pollen vitality were compared between parental populations and F1 hybrids of interspecific cross between Helianthus annuus L. and cultivated sunflower. The investigation of the simple sequence repeats (SSR) polymorphism was also used to test the hybrid nature of F1 populations. The phenotypic traits of F1 hybrid plants were either closer to the wild species or intermediate. Irregular chromosome pairing was found in only 0 to 10% of meiocytes in the meiosis of F1 hybrid plants. Interspecific crosses were confirmed with SSR markers in all hybrid combinations. Alleles that were not present in parental DNA were frequently observed in F1 hybrids. That is additional evidence that those hybrid combinations were not produced by self-fertilization. The results suggest that SSR markers can be efficiently used for the F1 hybrid characterization in crosses between closely related species, in which, the changes of phenotype, meiosis and pollen vitality are not always significant.

scholarly journals Lidar Depolarization Ratio of Atmospheric Pollen at Multiple Wavelengths

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Bohlmann ◽  
Xiaoxia Shang ◽  
Ville Vakkari ◽  
Elina Giannakaki ◽  
Ari Leskinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Dependence ◽  
Depolarization Ratio ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
Multiple Wavelengths ◽  
Pollen Mixture ◽  
Atmospheric Pollen ◽  
Total Pollen ◽  
Pollen Number ◽  
Depolarization Ratios

Abstract. Lidar observations during the pollen season 2019 at the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) station in Kuopio, Finland were analyzed in order to optically characterize atmospheric pollen. Previous studies showed the detectability of non-spherical pollen using depolarization ratio measurements. We present lidar depolarization ratio measurements at three wavelengths of atmospheric pollen in ambient conditions. In addition to the depolarization ratio detected with the multiwavelength Raman polarization lidar PollyXT at 355 and 532 nm, depolarization measurements of a co-located HALO Photonics Streamline Doppler lidar at 1565 nm were utilized. During a four days period of high birch (Betula) and spruce (Picea abies) pollen concentrations, unusually high depolarization ratios were observed within the boundary layer. Detected layers were investigated regarding the share of spruce pollen to the total pollen number concentration. Daily mean particle depolarization ratios of the pollen layers on the day with the highest spruce pollen share are 0.10 ± 0.02, 0.38 ± 0.23 and 0.29 ± 0.10 at 355, 532 and 1565 nm, respectively. Whereas on days with lower spruce pollen share, depolarization ratios are lower with less wavelength dependence. This spectral dependence of the depolarization ratios could be indicative of big, non-spherical spruce pollen. The depolarization ratio of pollen particles was investigated by applying a newly developed method and assuming a backscatter-related Ångström exponent of zero. Depolarization ratios of 0.44 and 0.16 at 532 and 355 nm for the birch and spruce pollen mixture were determined.

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