Weed control increases growth, cumulative yield, and economic returns of machine-harvested organic trailing blackberry

2016 ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.K. Dixon ◽  
B.C. Strik
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Cumulative Yield

scholarly journals Weed Control Increases Yield and Economic Returns from Young `Desirable' Pecan Trees

1997 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wheeler G. Foshee ◽  
Robert W. Goodman ◽  
Michael G. Patterson ◽  
William D. Goff ◽  
W. Alfred Dozier
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Cumulative Yield ◽  
Treatment Variable ◽  
Orchard Floor Management ◽  
Humid Environment

Yields and economic returns above treatment variable costs were determined for young `Desirable' pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] trees grown for nine seasons under ten combinations of orchard floor management practice and irrigation. Orchard floor management practices were 1) no weed control, 2) mowed, 3) total weed control with herbicides, 4) grass control only with herbicides, or 5) disking, and trees were either irrigated or nonirrigated. Total weed control with herbicides increased cumulative yield through the ninth growing season by 358% compared to no weed control. In the humid environment where this experiment was conducted, irrigation did not increase crop value obtained from the young trees, except for 1 year. At the end of the ninth season, total weed control with herbicides was the only treatment to have a positive net present value. These data indicate that establishment costs for young `Desirable' pecan trees can be recovered as early as the eighth growing season if competition from weeds is totally eliminated.

The influence of soybean population and POST herbicide application timing on in-season and subsequent-season Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) control and economic returns

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Denis J. Mahoney ◽  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Andrew T. Hare ◽  
Nilda Roma-Burgos ◽  
Katherine M. Jennings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
High Density ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Subsequent Crop ◽  
Density Population

Abstract Overreliance on herbicides for weed control has led to the evolution of herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth populations. Farm managers should consider the long-term consequences of their short-term management decisions, especially when considering the soil weed seedbank. The objectives of this research were to (1) determine how soybean population and POST herbicide application timing affects in-season Palmer amaranth control and soybean yield, and (2) how those variables influence Palmer amaranth densities and cotton yields the following season. Soybeans were planted (19-cm row spacing) at a low-, medium-, and high-density population (268,000, 546,000, and 778,000 plants ha–1, respectively). Fomesafen and clethodim (280 and 210 g ai ha–1, respectively) were applied at the VE, V1, or V2 to V3 soybean growth stage. Nontreated plots were also included to assess the effect of soybean population alone. The following season, cotton was planted into these plots so as to understand the effects of soybean planting population on Palmer amaranth densities in the subsequent crop. When an herbicide application occurred at the V1 or V2 to V3 soybean stage, weed control in the high-density soybean population increased 17% to 23% compared to the low-density population. Economic return was not influenced by soybean population and was increased 72% to 94% with herbicide application compared to no treatment. In the subsequent cotton crop, Palmer amaranth densities were 24% to 39% lower 3 wk after planting when following soybean sprayed with herbicides compared to soybean without herbicides. Additionally, Palmer amaranth densities in cotton were 19% lower when soybean was treated at the VE stage compared to later stages. Thus, increasing soybean population can improve Palmer amaranth control without adversely affecting economic returns and can reduce future weed densities. Reducing the weed seedbank and selection pressure from herbicides are critical in mitigating resistance evolution.

scholarly journals Intercrop practices in cashew production

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
Olufemi Aremu-Dele ◽  
Kehinde Ademola Adesanya ◽  
Bunmi Olaoluwa Olorundare ◽  
Oluwadamilola Ifedolapo Asunbo ◽  
Elizabeth Feyisayo Odeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Arable Crops ◽  
Tree Crop ◽  
Control Growth ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Sole Cropping ◽  
Additional Income

Cashew is an important economic tree crop cultivated for its wood, apple and most especially the nut. The large plant spacing involved in its cultivation encourages intercropping. Intercropping cashew during the early phase of establishment with arable and sometimes tree crops is usually practiced which serves as food security, cultural weed control and means of additional income to farmers. The aim of this study is to look into some experimented cashew intercrop and gaps in the intercrop patterns. Review of past literatures was used in discovering cashew intercrop patterns in Nigeria and some major cashew producing countries. Intercropping cashew with arable crops is more popular and profitable than with tree crop except in Sri-lanka where intercropping with coconut seems profitable than cashew sole cropping. Intercropping of cashew with arable crops, legumes and vegetables did not affect the growth of young cashew except millet, sorghum and pigeon-pea. Cashew/maize and cashew/cassava/yam had high returns respectively. Intercrop combinations with more than two crops affected the growth of cashew. Cashew/rice and cashew/plantain intercrop suppressed the growth of weeds with no negative effect on cashew growth. More concise and implementable research can be done where information on weed control, growth parameters, nutrient demands, yield and economic returns can be gotten from an experiment on the various cashew intercrop patterns as this will make the findings more adoptable by the farmers. Intercropping cashew with more than 2 crops should be discouraged.

scholarly journals Agronomic and economic performance of maize (Zea mays L.) as influenced by seed bed configuration and weed control treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 445-455
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Oyamedan Imoloame
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Abstract Poor method of weed control and indiscriminate use of herbicides led to low yields, economic returns, and increasing environmental pollution in the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. These prompted the conduct of field trials in the 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons to determine the effects of seed bed configuration and weed control treatments on the agronomic and economic performance of maize. The treatments consisted of flat and ridge seed beds and six weed control treatments. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with split plot arrangement and replicated thrice. Results showed that seed bed configuration had significant (p ≤ 0.05) effect on weed density, but not on maize grain yield. All the weed control treatments significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced weed infestation and increased maize grain yields compared to the weedy check. Furthermore, Primextra at 1.5 kg active ingredient per hectare (kg a.i. ha−1) + One supplementary hoe weeding (SHW) at 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), Primextra + Paraforce at 1.5 + 0.7 kg a.i. ha−1, and Primextra + Guard force at 1.5 + 0.03 kg a.i. ha−1 applied on flat seed beds and two hoe weeding at 3 and 6 WAS + ridge produced higher yields, profit, and economic returns. Therefore, the above reduced herbicide rates applied on flat seed beds are recommended to farmers as alternatives to two hoe weeding at 3 and 6 WAS for profitable production of maize.

An Economic Evaluation of the Use of Oust for Herbaceous Weed Control in Loblolly Pine Plantations

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney L. Busby
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Stand Growth ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Herbaceous Weed Control ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Herbaceous weed control using Oust (sulfometuron methyl²) is economically efficient in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations given reasonable expectations about the long-term effect of the treatment on stand growth. Increases in the sizes of the growth increments following treatment that have been reported in the literature, and the economic returns this analysis shows are possible, indicate that investment in herbaceous weed control can be a prudent silvicultural option. South. J. Appl. For. 16(1):40-47.

Weed Management with Reduced Rates of Glyphosate in No-Till, Narrow-Row, Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean (Glycine max)

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy D. Wait ◽  
William G. Johnson ◽  
Raymond E. Massey
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Common Waterhemp ◽  
No Till ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Reduced Rate

Field studies were conducted at two locations in 1997 and 1998 to evaluate crop injury, weed control, yield, and net economic returns of single and sequential postemergence applications of labeled and reduced rates of glyphosate to no-till, glyphosate-resistant soybean planted in narrow rows. Sequential applications provided at least 91% control of giant foxtail, while single applications provided at least 86% control with labeled rates and 68–93% control with reduced rates. Common waterhemp control was slightly higher with sequential vs. single treatments and with labeled rates vs. reduced rates. Velvetleaf control was greater than 96% with all treatments. Common cocklebur control was 90% or higher with all treatments except a single application of glyphosate at 210 g/ha. Lower control of giant foxtail and common waterhemp with single-application, reduced-rate treatments in two of the four trials resulted in lower yields. Overall, sequential applications, regardless of rate, provided greater weed control, yield, and net income and lower coefficients of variation (C.V.s) of net income than reduced-rate single applications. Single-application treatments showed a trend of decreased weed control, yield, and net income and higher C.V.s of net income with reduced rates of glyphosate.

Coastal Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Yield Response to Various Herbicides

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Twain J. Butler ◽  
James P. Muir
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Cumulative Yield ◽  
Coastal Bermudagrass

Several new herbicides have been registered for pasture weed control, but their effect on ‘Coastal’ bermudagrass dry matter (DM) yield has not been documented. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of clopyralid, fluroxypyr, imazapic, picloram, picloram + fluroxypyr, picloram + 2,4-D amine, triasulfuron + dicamba, triclopyr amine + clopyralid, triclopyr ester, triclopyr ester + fluroxypyr, trifloxysulfuron, 2,4-D amine + dicamba, and 2,4-D ester on Coastal bermudagrass yield. Total DM yields of Coastal bermudagrass were not reduced by 0.84 kg/ha clopyralid, 0.031 kg ai/ha triasulfuron + 0.44 kg ai/ha dicamba, 1.205 kg ai/kg 2,4-D amine + 0.42 kg/ha dicamba, and 2.31 kg/ha 2,4-D ester. Although 0.227 kg ai/ha picloram + 0.84 kg/ha 2,4-D amine, 0.945 kg ai/ha triclopyr amine + 0.315 kg ai/ha clopyralid, and 1.68 kg ai/ha triclopyr ester reduced Coastal bermudagrass DM yields in harvest 1, there was no cumulative loss in total production in either 2001 or 2002 with these herbicides compared with that of the nontreated control. Coastal bermudagrass total DM yields were reduced by 52% with 0.158 kg ai/ha imazapic when applied to dormant bermudagrass in 2001, and by 26% with 0.021 kg ai/ha trifloxysulfuron when applied to actively growing bermudagrass in 2001; however, neither herbicide reduced total cumulative yield in 2002. In 2001 and 2002, total DM yield was reduced by an average of 25% with 0.42 kg/ha fluroxypyr, by 45% with 0.105 kg/ha imazapic, by 57% with 0.158 kg/ha imazapic, by 65% with 0.21 kg/ha imazapic, by 25% with 0.56 kg/ha picloram, by 20% with 0.188 kg/ha picloram + 0.188 kg/ha fluroxypyr, and by 18% with 0.63 kg/ha triclopyr ester + 0.21 kg/ha fluroxypyr, when applied to actively growing Coastal bermudagrass.

Seeding Rate Effects on Weed Control and Yield For Organic Soybean Production

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
George T. Place ◽  
Samuel Chris Reberg-Horton ◽  
Jim E. Dunphy ◽  
Adam N. Smith
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Rate Effects

The organic grain sector is one of the fastest growing sectors of the organic market, but farmers in the mid-Atlantic cannot meet the organic grain demand, including the demand for organic soybean. Weed management is cited by farmers as the largest challenge to organic soybean production. Recent soybean population studies show that lower seeding rates for genetically modified organism soybean farmers provide maximum economic return due to high seed technology fees and inexpensive herbicides. Such economic analysis may not be appropriate for organic soybean producers due to the absence of seed technology fees, stronger weed pressures, and price premiums for organic soybean. Soybean seeding rates in North Carolina have traditionally been suggested at approximately 247,000 live seeds/ha, depending on planting conditions. Higher seeding rates may result in a more competitive soybean population and better economic returns for organic soybean producers. Experiments were conducted in 2006 and 2007 to investigate seeding rates of 185,000, 309,000, 432,000, and 556,000 live seeds/ha. All rates were planted on 76-cm row spacing in organic and conventional weed management systems. Increased soybean seeding rates reduced weed ratings at three of the five sites. Increased soybean seeding rates also resulted in higher yield at three of the four sites. Maximum economic returns for organic treatments were achieved with the highest seeding rate in all sites. Results suggest that seeding rates as high as 556,000 live seeds/ha may provide organic soybean producers with better weed control, higher yield, and increased profits.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Factors in Weed Interference with Newly Planted Apple Trees

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A Merwin ◽  
John A. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Cumulative Yield ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
June July August ◽  
June July

Temporal and spatial combinations of tree-row weed suppression treatments were evaluated during 5 years in a New York apple (Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Imperial Gala on Malling 26 rootstocks) orchard planted in Apr. 1991, and provided with trickle irrigation. Twenty-eight factorial treatment combinations [0, 2, 4, and 6 m2 weed-free areas (WFAs); and May, June, July, August, May + June, June + July, May + June + July, and June + July + August weed-free times (WFTs)] were maintained from 1991 to 1995 by postemergence paraquat herbicide applications in tree-row strips. Trunk cross-sectional area (TCA) growth and yield were monitored annually, and few differences were observed as WFA increased from 2 to 4 to 6 m2 per tree. However, WFT substantially influenced TCA, fruit production, and yield efficiency. Early summer WFTs increased TCA during the first two growing seasons, compared with late summer treatments. When trees came into production in 1993-94, yields increased as the duration of WFT increased, but where similar periods of WFT had been established later during the growing season, annual yield, cumulative yield efficiency, and the ratio of crop value to weed-control costs were all reduced. Groundcover species distribution was evaluated each year in September, and graminaceous weeds were more prevalent in the early and midsummer WFTs, while herbaceous broadleaf weeds dominated in the August treatments. A quadratic model regressing cumulative yield efficiency on WFTs grouped into 30-, 60-, and 90-day categories showed that efficiency peaked between 60 and 90 days of WFT. It appeared that timing of weed suppression may be as important as the area of suppression beneath trees in comparable apple orchards, that early summer weed control was especially important for newly planted trees, and that drip irrigation allowed reductions in the area and amount of tree-row herbicide applications, without significant losses in apple tree growth or crop value.

Field evaluation of a bioeconomic model for weed management in soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Buhler ◽  
Robert P. King ◽  
Scott M. Swinton ◽  
Jeffery L. Gunsolus ◽  
Frank Forcella
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Bioeconomic Model ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Herbicide Treatment

A bioeconomic model was tested as a decision aid for weed control in soybean at Rosemount, MN, from 1991 to 1994. The model makes recommendations for preplant incorporated and preemergence control tactics based on the weed seed content of the soil and postemergence decisions based on weed seedling densities. Weed control, soybean yield, herbicide use, and economic return with model-generated treatments were compared to standard herbicide and mechanical control systems. Effects of these treatments on weed populations and corn yield the following year were also determined. In most cases, the model-generated treatments controlled weeds as well as a standard herbicide treatment. Averaged over the 3 yr, the quantity of herbicide active ingredient applied was decreased by 47% with the seedbank model and 93% with the seedling model compared with a standard soil-applied herbicide treatment. However, the frequency of herbicide application was not reduced. Soybean yields reflected differences in weed control and crop injury. Net economic return to weed control was increased 50% of the time using model-recommended treatments compared with a standard herbicide treatment. Weed control treatments the previous year affected weed density in the following corn crop but had little effect on weed control or corn yield. The bioeconomic model was responsive to differing weed populations, maintained weed control and soybean yield and often increased economic returns under the weed species and densities in this research.

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