scholarly journals Agronomic and economic performance of maize (Zea mays L.) as influenced by seed bed configuration and weed control treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 445-455
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Oyamedan Imoloame
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Abstract Poor method of weed control and indiscriminate use of herbicides led to low yields, economic returns, and increasing environmental pollution in the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. These prompted the conduct of field trials in the 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons to determine the effects of seed bed configuration and weed control treatments on the agronomic and economic performance of maize. The treatments consisted of flat and ridge seed beds and six weed control treatments. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with split plot arrangement and replicated thrice. Results showed that seed bed configuration had significant (p ≤ 0.05) effect on weed density, but not on maize grain yield. All the weed control treatments significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced weed infestation and increased maize grain yields compared to the weedy check. Furthermore, Primextra at 1.5 kg active ingredient per hectare (kg a.i. ha−1) + One supplementary hoe weeding (SHW) at 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), Primextra + Paraforce at 1.5 + 0.7 kg a.i. ha−1, and Primextra + Guard force at 1.5 + 0.03 kg a.i. ha−1 applied on flat seed beds and two hoe weeding at 3 and 6 WAS + ridge produced higher yields, profit, and economic returns. Therefore, the above reduced herbicide rates applied on flat seed beds are recommended to farmers as alternatives to two hoe weeding at 3 and 6 WAS for profitable production of maize.

scholarly journals Weed biomass and productivity of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L)Moench) as influenced by spacing and pendimethalin-based weed management

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-398
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Imoloame ◽  
Muinat Usman
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Field trials were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria, to determine the effect of plant spacing and weed control methods on weed infestation, growth and yield of okra during the 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons. The experiment consisted of twelve treatments comprising six weed control methods and two plant spacings. The method of weed control consisted of pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1, pendimethalin at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1, pendimathalin at 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + one supplementary hoe weeding (SHW) at 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), two hoe weedings at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), weeding at 4 and 8 weeks after sowing (WAS) and a weedy check. The plant spacings were 60cm x 30cm and 60cm x 50cm. These treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangements and three replications. Weed control and plant spacing treatments were allocated to the subplots and the main plot respectively. Results showed that a plant spacing of 60cm x 30cm minimized weed infestation and resulted in a higher total number of pods/plot and okra fresh weight, while pendimethalin at 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 + one supplementary hoe weeding at 6 WAS minimized weed infestation in the plots, and led to the highest total number of pods and yield of okra. This combination also promoted higher economic returns.

scholarly journals Performance of Maize (Zea mays [L.]) as Influenced by Row Arrangement and Cow dung Rates Grown in Intercrop with Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus [L.]) in Sudan Savanna

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
I. J. Dantata ◽  
B. K. Adam ◽  
B. H. Kabura
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Sudan Savanna ◽  
Plot Design

Field trials were carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria during the 2014 and 2015 rainy seasons to study the performance of maize in maize/watermelon intercrop under varied row arrangements and cow dung rates in a Sudan Savanna Agro-ecology. The treatments consisted of factorial combinations of three row arrangements of maize: watermelon (1:1,1:2 and 2:1) and five levels of cow dung rates (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20t per ha) laid out in a split plot design and replicated three times. Cow dung was assigned to the main plots while row arrangements were assigned to the sub plots. The parameters of maize studied were: number of cobs per plant, cob length, cob diameter, 100 grain weight and grain yield per ha. The results showed that 1:2 row arrangement gave significantly greater cob diameter of maize. While 2:1 row arrangement gave significantly higher maize grain yield per ha. Application of 10t cow dung per ha to the mixture was found to be optimum for the maize grain yield per ha. The interaction or combination of 2:1 row arrangement and 10t cow dung per ha was optimum for the grain yield per ha. Based on the results of the present study, 2:1 row arrangement with application of 10t cow dung per ha should be adopted for growing of maize in intercrop with watermelon in the Sudan Savanna environment.

scholarly journals Weed infestation and productivity of maize/soybean intercrop as influenced by cropping patterns in the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-26
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Imoloame ◽  
Kafayat Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
State University ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Field experiments were conducted during the 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons at the Teaching and Research (T & R) Farm of the College of Agriculture, Kwara State University, Malete, to determine the effect of cropping patterns on weed infestation, growth and yield of a maize/soybean intercrop in the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. The experiments consisted of six treatments as follows: one row of maize alternated with one row of soybean (1:1), one row of maize alternated with two rows of soybean (1:2), two rows of maize alternated with one row of soybean (2:1), two rows of maize alternated with two rows of soybean (2:2), sole maize (1:0) and sole soybean (0:1). The treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and means were separated by the least significant difference (LSD) at the 5% level of probability. Results showed that sole soybean consistently suppressed weeds and resulted in a higher yield. Similarly, the 2:1 ratio of maize to soybean did not only reduce weed density, it produced significantly higher yields of maize and lower yield of soybean, and had the higher land equivalent ratio and economic returns followed by sole maize.

scholarly journals Light Transmission Through Colored Polyethylene Mulches Affects Weed Populations

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1302-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Ngouajio ◽  
Jeremy Ernest
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
High Light ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Soil Warming ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Light Quantity

Weed control is one of the benefits associated with the use of plastic mulches used for vegetable production. The mulches decrease light transmission and prevent development of most weed species. Plastics chemistry has developed films varying in their ability to reflect, absorb, and transmit light. Laboratory and field experiments were conducted to 1) measure light transmitted through colored mulches, 2) evaluate weed populations under each mulch type, and 3) determine if light transmission could be used as an indicator for weed populations in the field. The polyethylene mulches were black, gray, infrared transmitting brown (IRT-brown), IRT-green, white, and white-on-black (co-extruded white/black). On average, 1%, 2%, 17%, 26%, 42%, and 45% light in the 400 to 1100 nm range was transmitted through the black, white/black, gray, IRT-brown, IRT-green, and white mulches, respectively. In field experiments, density and dry biomass of weeds growing under the mulches were evaluated. The white mulch had the highest weed density with an average of 39.6 and 155.9 plants/m2 in 2001 and 2002, respectively. This was followed by the gray mulch, with 10.4 and 44.1 weed seedlings/m2 in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Weed density was <25 plants/m2 with the other mulches in both years. Weed infestation was correlated with average light transmission for white, black, white/black, and gray mulches. However, both light quantity and quality were necessary to predict weed infestations with the IRT mulches. Weed infestation under the IRT mulches was better estimated when only wave lengths in the photosynthetically active radiation range (PAR; 400 to 700 nm) were considered. Low weed pressure and high light transmission with the IRT mulches would make them appropriate for use in areas where both weed control and soil warming are important factors.

scholarly journals Effect of Intercropping Dates of Lablab (Lablab purpureus L.) with Maize (Zea mays L.) on Forage and Maize Grain Yields

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Meseret Redae ◽  
Desta Tekle
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Maize Grain

This study was conducted to evaluate effect of intercropping dates of lablab (Lablab purpureus L.) with maize (Zea mays L.) on forage and maize grain yields. It was carried out at Gereb Giba in Tanqua Abergelle district, Tigray, Ethiopia. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments and four replications were used. The treatments were sole maize sown (T1) and lablab sown at 10, 20 and 30 days after emergence of maize for T2, T3 and T4 respectively. Intercropping did not affect height and days for 50% flowering of lablab. Similarly, it was not affected height and days for physiological maturity of maize. Lablab forage yield was significantly greater (p<0.01) in T2 and T3 than T4. Maize Stover dry matter (DM) yield was similar among treatments while total forage DM yield was significantly higher (p<0.0001) in T2, T3 and T4 than T1. Moreover, among the intercrops, total forage yield was significantly highest (p<0.0001) for T2 compared to T4 but similar in T2 and T3. Maize grain yield was significantly superior (P<0.0001) in T2 and T3 compared to T1 and T4. Though, T2 and T3 had similarity in all parameters measured, T2 provided higher forage and maize grain yields than T1 and T4. Therefore, lablab intercropping at 10 days after emergence of maize is appropriate in Tanqua Abergelle district and other areas with similar agro ecologies.

scholarly journals The effect of the period of weed interference on the growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill)

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-237
Author(s):  
Olumide Daramola ◽  
Olusegun Adeyemi ◽  
Joseph Adigun ◽  
Christopher Adejuyigbe ◽  
Patience Olorunmaiye
Keyword(s):  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Field trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of different periods of weed interference on weed infestation, growth and yield of soybean in 2016-2017 cropping seasons. In both years, soybean grain yields ranged from 888- 1148 kg ha -1 in plots where weeds were allowed to grow until harvest to 2103- 2389 kg ha -1 in plots where weeds were controlled until harvest, indicating a 52- 58% yield loss with uncontrolled weed growth. Weed interference until 3 weeks after sowing (WAS) had no detrimental effect on soybean growth and yield provided the weeds were subsequently removed. However, further delay in weed removal until 6 WAS or longer depressed soybean growth and resulted in irrevocable yield reduction, with the number of pods per plant being the most affected yield component. For optimum growth and yield, it was only necessary to keep the crop weed-free between 3 and 6 WAS.

INFLUENCE OF INTER-ROW SPACING AND WEED CONTROL METHODS IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogeal (L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-95
Author(s):  
J. A. ADIGUN ◽  
O. R. ADEYEMI ◽  
S. T. O., LAGOKE ◽  
P. M. OLORUNMAIYE ◽  
O. S. DARAMOLA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Main Plot

Weed competition has been identified as one of the major obstacles in crop production. The produc-tion of groundnut is limited by high weed infestation resulting in yield losses ranging from 50 - 80% in Nigeria. Hence, the need to evaluate integrated weed control in its production. Field trials were there-fore conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (7o 20’ N, 30 23’ E) to evaluate the influence of inter-row spacing and weed control methods on growth and yield of groundnut during the wet seasons in 2009 and 2010. The experiment was a Randomised Complete Design (RCBD) laid out in a split plot with three replications. The main plot treatment con-sisted of three inter-row spacings of 60 cm, 75 cm and 90 cm while the subplots included five weed control treatments of commercial formulation of metolachlor plus promethyne mixture (codal) at 1.0 kg a.i/ha, codal at 1.0 kg a.i./ha followed by supplementary hoe weeding at 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), codal at 2 kg a.i./ha, hoe weeding at 3, 6 and 9 WAS and a weedy check. Inter-row spacings of 60 cm and 75 cm reduced weed growth with consequent higher yields compared to the inter-row spacings of 90 cm in the early season of 2009. Application of codal at 1.0 kg a.i./ha followed by supplementary hoe weeding at 6 WAS combined with 60cm inter-row spacing gave effective weed control and higher groundnut pod yield than hoe-weeded control in both years of experimentation.

scholarly journals Effect of weed control methods on weed density and maize (Zea mays L.) yield in west Shewa Orimia, Ethiopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amare Tesfay ◽  
Mohammed Amin ◽  
Negeri Mulugeta ◽  
Sileshi Frehiwot
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Weed Density

scholarly journals Effect of Plant Population Density of Velvet Bean (MUCUNA COCHINCHINENSIS) for Weed Control at Makurdi, Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Velvet Bean ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Guinea Savanna ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The University ◽  
And Control

Field trials were conducted in 2013 and 2014 raining season on a fallow field at the University of Agriculture Makurdi Teaching and Research Farm ((07 0 41’N, 08 0 37’E and 106.4 m above sea level) using Velvet bean (Mucuna cochinchinensis) to control weeds. Four Mucuna populations were used: 400 plants/ha, 800 plants/ha, 1600 plants/ha and 0.00 plants/ha (control). The experiment was set up in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Prominent weeds at the site were identified in the field in 2013. The four different Mucuna populations were screened for their effects on weed (density, composition), growth characteristics (ground cover, nodulation) and canopy duration. Out of the 4 Mucuna populations, 800 plants/ha had the highest effect on weed density, composition and control percentage, ground cover, canopy duration and nodulation. And 0.00 plants/ha had the lowest effect on weed density, weed composition, weed control percentage, ground cover, canopy duration and nodulation. From the results obtained from the study, it can be concluded that farmers in Makurdi, Southern Guinea Savanna can adopt the planting of Mucuna at 800 plants/ha for weed control.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document