scholarly journals UKRAINIAN CHURCH SPACE IN THE SECOND HALF 16th CENTURY

2017 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
T. Pshenychnyi
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Religious Conflicts ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Ukrainian Crisis ◽  
The One ◽  
The Church

The paper is subjected to thorough analysis of the phenomenon of Ukrainian church space in the second half of the 16th century. We show how the church crisis has started in the Ukrainian lands and reveals socio-political and socio-cultural factors which triggered this crisis. In addition, we try to show how the international factor deepened it. We begin with analysis of how the political forces of the Rzeczpospolita tried to take a full control over the spiritual sphere of life of the Ukrainian people. Then we continue by showcase how Russian politicians together with the administration of the Russian Orthodox Church tried to do the very same thing. Caught in political and military machinery of these two different states priests and bishops of the Ukrainian church tried to build a model on their own of preserving their identity. In 1596 it resulted in the Union of Brest, which, on the one hand split Ukrainian society into two poles – the Orthodox and Uniates, and the other gave rise to serious reform Ukrainian church space. In general, we can conclude that the Union of Brest, despite the expectations and hopes of its organizers laid the beginning of a deep ideological confrontation among Ukrainian people. Union also resulted in serious cultural and political crisis. Supporters of the union have not received from Pope and Polish king protection of their rights and liberties. Religious conflicts became very difficult for the population. The polish politicians, the Catholic Church of Poland and Russians wanted to use Ukrainian crisis to implement his plans.

scholarly journals BIOETHICS: DEFINITION AND TYPES

Bioethics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
I. V. Siluyanova ◽  
◽  
L. E. Pishchikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Biomedical Ethics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Social Council ◽  
The One ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Church

Bioethics is defined by the authors as a form of knowledge about the permissible limits of manipulating human life in the range from birth to dying. A comparative analysis of the materials of the Conference in Jerusalem (2018) and the «Handbook on Bioethics for Judges» (2016) prepared by the UNESCO Department of Bioethics in Haifa, on the one hand, and Statements of the Church and Social Council on Biomedical Ethics of the Russian Orthodox Church, on the other, was conducted. It proves that bioethics as a type of modern medical ethics exists and will exist in the near future in conservative and liberal forms. Disclosure of their content contributes to solving the problem of finding compromises in specific situations of medical practice.

scholarly journals The Belarusian Orthodox Church and Its Role in the Belarusian Regime

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Avanesová
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
The One ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Church Organizations ◽  
The Church

This text, conceived as an interpretative case study, deals with the role that the Belarusian Orthodox Church plays in the contemporary Belarusian regime. In light of the fact that the Belarusian Orthodox Church is an exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church, the author will also look at whether the Belarusian Orthodox Church can actually be considered an instrument of Russian in Belarus. Within the research, the author will show that on the one hand, there are favorable conditions for the development of the Belarusian Orthodox Church. But on the other hand, although the state declares the de facto independence of the Belarusian Orthodox Church, any opposition activity on its part is seen as a threat to the state, which allows the state to interfere with its policy. This leads church organizations in such systems to become significantly weakened within this “cooperation with the state”, even though they have an influence on society and thus a legitimizing potential. As a result, the church is strongly dependent on the state and limited as an actor in civil society within the Belarusian regime. In addition, the author will also conclude in the study that it is difficult to consider the Belarusian Orthodox Church to be a tool of the Kremlin’s influence.

scholarly journals РЕЛІГІЄЗНАВЧА ЕКСПЕРТИЗА НОВИХ РЕЛІГІЙНИХ РУХІВ: ОСНОВНІ РАКУРСИ ПРОБЛЕМИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-116
Author(s):  
В. Г. Соловйов
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
The State ◽  
New Religious Movements ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
The Status ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The One ◽  
The Church

The article deals with the problem of religious scholarly examination of new religious movements. Unfortunately, the topic of religious scholarly examination has not found theoretical understanding, and to this day remains beyond the scope of scientific research. The first attempt to comprehend the problems here is the monograph by Yu.V. Tikhonravov «Judicial Religion», published in 1998, where for the first time methodological questions were set concerning the possibility of «using special religious knowledge for procedural purposes». He drew attention to the controversy of the possible application of this procedure in the legal field, highlighting the ethical and ideological, methodical and methodological, organizational and legal issues of religious scholar examination. However, the need for more in-depth study of data issues forced the researchers to seek a methodological form that could adequately reflect the problem of the realization of religious scholarship expertise.Not enough investigation of such important issues as nature, features and functions of religious examination, conditions and special methods of its realization, the subject and the object of expertise, the status of an expert and ethical problems during the religious scholarly expertise, limits of using special knowledge force to address to the need for methodological analysis of this concept. In addition, the penetration of legal terminology and procedures into religious studies raised the question of the admissibility of a formal transfer, which may lead to incorrect assumptions and distortions in the perception of religions themselves. In general, if we take a look at the religious scholarly examination, we may notice that the methodology of this procedure is a general scientific task of defining, classifying and evaluating any subject of the study. And the problem itself arises when the law, penetrating ino the field of religious studies, attempts to formalize religion and to erode its content and involuntarily destroys its understanding.It is also possible to notice that this present-day problem is connected with the concept of «secular state», because the expertise in religious affairs in history, as the Inquisition in the Catholic Church or the spiritual examination on the basis of sectology in the Russian Orthodox Church, occurs at a time when modifications of the models of relations between the church and the state are taking place. By the way, the bursts of the emergence of the NRF in one or another state are connected with the changes in the legislative sphere in religion. To sum up, one can safely assert that, on the one hand, the essence of the NRF is covered in matters of relations between the church and the state. On the other hand, the necessity for the examination of NRP arises when this dichotomous system is joined by different dictatorial systems, which are trying to eliminate this contradiction. Therefore, the problem of examination of NRF can be considered from three perspectives.

scholarly journals ESSENTIAL AND CONTENT UNDERSTANDING OF ORTHODOX FUNDAMENTALISM: A RELIGIOUS ASPECT

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (73) (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
A. P. Khlynin
Keyword(s):  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Content Understanding ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The One ◽  
Theological Understanding ◽  
The Church

The article contains a theoretical analysis of the Orthodox fundamentalism conception, which has popularity in modern Russia and still hasn’t had a clear definition in its theological understanding. In the introduction of the article, the author defines the origins of «fundamentalism», «religious fundamentalism» and «Orthodox fundamentalism». Author, bases on analysis of the Holy Scriptures and Holy Tradition, declares that the fundamental ideas, which have already had deep roots in the Western Christian church since the Reformation and Counter-Reformation dispute, in Orthodox tradition had their origin only at the beginning of the 20th century as a response to atheistic attitudes. The main reason of this was the priority of the Holy Tradition over the Holy Scriptures, which, on the one hand, is not homogeneous because of the cultural diversity of the Orthodox churches, and on the other hand, because of the structure of the Holy Tradition as a constantly supplemented «eternal, ageless memory» of the Church. In case of the Russian Orthodox Church, fundamental ideas were represented as the decisions of the Local Church Cathedral of 1917-1918 in order to return to the Ecumenical Church of the first centuries of Christianity.

scholarly journals The Vilnius icon of the Mother of God and its cult in the Greek Catholic Church of the Holy Trinity

Menotyra ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rūta Janonienė
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Pure Gold ◽  
Holy Trinity ◽  
The One ◽  
Oil Paints ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Church

The article discusses the icon of the  Hodegetria Mother of God, formerly placed in Vilnius.The currently missing piece of art was considered very important in the Vilnius spiritual life inthe 16th – early 20th centuries and was respected by Orthodox, Greek Catholic (Uniate) andRoman Catholic churches. A significant influence on the cult of icons was inspired by the au-thorship attributed to St. Lukas (later – only its prototype) and historical links with the familyof the Grand Duke of Lithuania Alexander Jagiellon (the icon was brought as a dowry in 1495by his wife Elena, the daughter of the Grand Duke of Moscow).In the 16th century, the icon was stored in the Orthodox Cathedral of the Blessed Mother ofGod. At that time it was possibly renewed (two side boards were replaced and the icon was re-painted with the egg-tempera technique). It is supposed that at that time the partial amendmentwas made in the oldest silver casings consisting of separate ornamented plates that were coveringthe background of the icon. Most of the knowledge about the existence of the icon exists fromthe beginning of the 17th century, when it was transferred into the church of the Vilnius Basilianmonastery of St. Trinity. There it became a major factor of Vilnius Latin and Greek Catholicreligious integration. The altar of The Mother of God in the church of St. Trinity was patronizedby the fraternity of the Immaculate Conception of Holy Mary.The image of the icons is known from the descriptions, lithographs, photographs and copiesof the 19th century. It should be noted that there are two different iconographic variations ofthe copies of the Vilnius Hodegetria (characterized by the different position of the feet of Jesus).The article raises an assumption that the icon could be repainted in the 17th century. The slightchange of the image or its iconography may have been adjusted with the silver casings made in1677. Once again the Vilnius icon was possibly renewed after the fire in 1706. In the middle ofthe 18th century, the head of Holy Mary was decorated with a new pure gold filigree crown. In1839, after the repeal of the union and the takeover of the St. Trinity‘s church by the Orthodox,the altar of Holy Mary was demolished and the icon was added to the new iconostasis. In 1866,the old artistic silver casings were melted and from the resulting material the new casing wasmade in St Petersburg, corresponding to the requirements of the Orthodox. In the same year,the icon was restored. Its oil paints were cleaned. The image unveiled at that time perhaps wasnot the first original image, but the one created after the icon base corrections, most likely inVilnius in the 16th century.

Christian unity: the search for ways to achieve

2001 ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
Yu. Ye. Reshetnikov
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Christian Churches ◽  
The Press ◽  
Christian Unity ◽  
Future Policy

Last year, the anniversary of all Christianity, witnessed a number of significant events caused by a new interest in understanding the problem of the unity of the Christian Church on the turn of the millennium. Due to the confidentiality of Ukraine, some of these events have or will have an immediate impact on Christianity in Ukraine and on the whole Ukrainian society as a whole. Undoubtedly, the main event, or more enlightened in the press, is a new impetus to the unification of the UOC-KP and the UAOC. But we would like to focus on two documents relating to the problem of Christian unity, the emergence of which was almost unnoticed by the wider public. But at the same time, these documents are too important as they outline the future policy of other Christian denominations by two influential Ukrainian christian churches - the Russian Orthodox Church and the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. These are the "Basic Principles of the attitude of the Russian Orthodox Church to the" I ", adopted by the Anniversary Bishops' Council of the Russian Orthodox Church, and the Concept of the Ecumenical Position of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, adopted by the Synod of the Bishops of the UGCC. It is clear that the theme of the second document is wider, but at the same time, ecumenism, unification is impossible without solving the problem of relations with others, which makes it possible to compare the approaches laid down in the mentioned documents to the building of relations with other Christian confessions.

Mesyatseslovs memory of the Russian Orthodox Church

2020 ◽  
pp. 160-198
Author(s):  
Макарий Веретенников
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Liturgical Texts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complete Form ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Heaven And Earth ◽  
The Church

Статья посвящена содержанию, общим принципам построения и характерным особенностям календаря, или месяцеслова, Русской Православной Церкви. Автор использует методы анализа и синтеза. В итоге делаются нижеследующие обобщения. Месяцеслов был принесён на Русь из Византии в достаточно завершённом виде, однако в процессе исторического развития он дополнился особенными русскими праздниками. Календарь-месяцеслов - это грандиозный собор святых, подвизавшихся в разных местах на протяжении веков, единение Церкви Небесной и земной, история святости и история нашей Церкви. Месяцесловным памятям посвящены составленные гимнографами богослужебные тексты, которые поются и читаются в храмах. Традиционно почитается день кончины угодников Божиих, память открытия мощей святых, перенесения их святых мощей или же день канонизации угодников Божиих, реже - день их рождения. Фенологические наблюдения русского народа связаны с повседневной деятельностью и увязаны с месяцесловом, что свидетельствует о его проникновении в повседневную жизнь русского человека. The article is devoted to the content, General principles of construction and characteristic features of the calendar, or mesyatseslov, of the Russian Orthodox Church. The author uses methods of analysis and synthesis. As a result, the following generalizations are made. The mesyatseslov was brought to Russia from Byzantium in a fairly complete form, but in the course of historical development it was supplemented with special Russian holidays. The calendar-mesyatseslov is a grandiose council of saints who have labored in different places over the centuries, the unity of the Church of Heaven and earth, the history of holiness and the history of our Church. Liturgical texts composed by hymnographers, which are sung and read in churches, are dedicated to the mesyatseslovs memory. Traditionally, the day of the death of saints, the memory of the discovery of the relics of saints, the transfer of their Holy relics, or the day of the canonization of saints, less often - the day of their birth are honored. Russian people’s phenological observations are related to their daily activities and are linked to mesyatseslov, which indicates its penetration into the daily life of the Russian people.

scholarly journals Polish Catholic Bishops, Nationalism and Liberal Democracy

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Madalena Meyer Resende ◽  
Anja Hennig
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Church Leadership ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Pope Francis ◽  
National Catholicism ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Church

The alliance of the Polish Catholic Church with the Law and Justice (PiS) government has been widely reported and resulted in significant benefits for the Church. However, beginning in mid-2016, the top church leadership, including the Episcopal Conference, has distanced itself from the government and condemned its use of National Catholicism as legitimation rhetoric for the government’s malpractices in the fields of human rights and democracy. How to account for this behavior? The article proposes two explanations. The first is that the alliance of the PiS with the nationalist wing of the Church, while legitimating its illiberal refugee policy and attacks on democratic institutions of the government, further radicalized the National Catholic faction of the Polish Church and motivated a reaction of the liberal and mainstream conservative prelates. The leaders of the Episcopate, facing an empowered and radical National Catholic faction, pushed back with a doctrinal clarification of Catholic orthodoxy. The second explanatory path considers the transnational influence of Catholicism, in particular of Pope Francis’ intervention in favor of refugee rights as prompting the mainstream bishops to reestablish the Catholic orthodoxy. The article starts by tracing the opposition of the Bishops Conference and liberal prelates to the government’s refugee and autocratizing policies. Second, it describes the dynamics of the Church’s internal polarization during the PiS government. Third, it traces and contextualizes the intervention of Pope Francis during the asylum political crisis (2015–2016). Fourth, it portrays their respective impact: while the Pope’s intervention triggered the bishops’ response, the deepening rifts between liberal and nationalist factions of Polish Catholicism are the ground cause for the reaction.

‘A Moment of Truth’? The Church and Political Change in Malawi, 1992

1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Newell
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Party System ◽  
Urban Riots ◽  
Congress Party ◽  
Industrial Action ◽  
Political Dominance ◽  
Entire Nation ◽  
The One ◽  
Democratic Elections ◽  
The Church

The immediate origins of the democratic elections held in Malawi in 1994, which brought to an end over 30 years of political dominance by President Kamuzu Banda and the Malawi Congress Party (MCP), lie in the unprecedented events which shook the entire nation in 1992. Although that turbulent year was characterised by industrial action, serious urban riots, student demonstrations, the emergence of new domestic political groupings, and the Government's agreement to hold a national referendum on the future of the one-party system in the country, in retrospect perhaps what was most remarkable about these developments was that they were sparked off by the Catholic Church, and that their momentum was sustained at crucial stages by other Christian denominations in Malawi.1

Synodal Liturgical Commission

2020 ◽  
pp. 269-274
Author(s):  
Сергей Забелич
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

В статье рассказывается об истории создания Синодальной Богослужебной комиссии, основных направлениях ее деятельности, задачах. На заседаниях обсуждаются вопросы и принимаются предварительные решения по сложным календарным вопросам, а также введение новых текстов в богослужебную практику Русской Православной Церкви на основе церковного Устава (Типикона) и литургической традиции Русской Церкви. The article is devoted to the history of establishing the Synodal Liturgical Commission, the main fields of its work and the essential tasks. The Commission raises a number of important liturgical questions, takes preliminary decisions on the complicated calendar issues and introduces the new texts of divine services into the worship practice of the Russian Orthodox Church following the Church statutes (Typikon) and the liturgical tradition of the Russian Church.

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