scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE HUNGARIAN SAMIZDAT IN INTENSIFYING OF OPPOSITION-MINDED PUBLIC (1976 – 1988)

2017 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
M. Junger
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Central Committee ◽  
Popular Front ◽  
Political Pluralism ◽  
Urban Group ◽  
Hungarian Society ◽  
Long Time ◽  
First Time

The paper reviews the origins and development of samizdat in the Hungarian People's Republic. The samizdat for a long time remained the only way of doing opposition activities. It contributed to the spread of uncensored information and dissident's consolidation. The main opposition groups were urban and populist. The principle of the "popular front", which had deep historical roots in Hungary, meant joint efforts of various actors. It played an important role for their consolidation during the work on the collection of papers "In Memory of Bibo". The authors questioned the legitimacy of socialist states in Central and Eastern Europe. They had also written a program for achievement political pluralism, multi-party democracy. There was a positive impact of the political legacy of the philosopher to the ideological development of the urban group. The reaction of the Central Committee of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party to the "In Memory of Bibo" testified a deep understanding of the causes of origin and prospects of the opposition's growth. Thematic areas of the leading samizdat journals "Beszélő", "Hirmondó", "Demokrata", their contribution to the consolidation of opposition-minded part of the Hungarian society were estimated. In this paper for the first time in the Ukrainian historiography we gave an account on the image of the Ukrainian dissident movement in the Hungarian samizdat.

„Arvīd, uz kurieni Tu aizgāji?”: Arvīda Griguļa personības loma Rakstnieku savienības vēsturē

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
Madara Eversone
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Central Committee ◽  
State Archive ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact

The article aims to highlight the role of Arvīds Grigulis’ (1906–1989) personality in the Latvian Soviet literary process in the context of the Latvian Soviet Writers’ Union, attempting to discover the contradictions and significance of Arvīds Grigulis’ personality. Arvīds Grigulis was a long-time member of the Writers’ Union, a member of the Soviet nomenklatura, and an authority of the soviet literary process. His evaluations of pre-soviet literary heritage and writings of his contemporaries were often harsh and ruthless, and also influenced the development of the further literary process. The article is based on the documents of the Central Committee of the Latvian Communist Party, the Latvian Soviet Writers’ Union and the Communist Party local organization of the Latvian Soviet Writers’ Union that are available at the Latvian State Archive of the National Archives of Latvia, as well as memories of Grigulis’ contemporaries. It is concluded that the personality of the writer Arvīds Grigulis, although unfolding less in the context of the Writers’ Union, is essential for the exploration of the soviet literary process and events behind the scenes. The article mainly describes events and episodes taking place until 1965, when Arvīds Grigulis’ influence in the Writers’ Union was more remarkable. Individual and further studies should analyse changes and the impact of his decisions in the cultural process of the 70s and 80s of the 20th century.

scholarly journals Clinical significance of late diastolic tissue doppler parameters after onset of STEMI: from the view point of the timing of the echocardipography

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Iwahashi ◽  
J Kirigaya ◽  
M Horii ◽  
T Abe ◽  
E Akiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Doppler ◽  
Atrial Function ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Group A ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Group B ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background The early transmitral flow velocity (E) divided by the early diastolic velocity of the mitral valve annulus (e') is referred to as the “E/e' ratio,” is useful even for ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the role of late diastolic velocity (a') which reveals the atrial function for STEMI is still unclear. Objectives We evaluated the clinical usefulness of tissue Doppler including atrial function for a first-time STEMI by long time follow up. Furthermore, we evaluated the meaning of each parameters by performing immediately after PCI or 2 weeks later. Methods We treated consecutive 571 first-time STEMI patients by immediate PCI within 12 hours after onset, and we examined 270 patients at immediately after PCI (GroupA, 65 years, 250 male) and 301 patients at 2 weeks after onset (GroupB, 64 years, 243 male). We examined trans mitral flow and TDI, then defined E/e' as LV filling pressure and A/a' as left atrial function. We followed them for a long time (>5 years). The primary end point (PE) was cardiac death or re-admission for heart failure (HF). Results We followed the patients in Group A for 10 years, Group B for 5 years. PE occurred in 64 patients in GroupA during 10 years, and 45 patients in GroupB during 5 years. We analyzed the univariate and multivariate Cox hazard analyses and we compared e' and a', E/e' and A/a' (Table). In GroupA, a' and A/a' were the independent predictors, on the other hand neither a' nor A/a' were the predictors in GroupB. E/e' was an independent predictor both in GroupA and B. Conclusion TDI parameters have different meanings by the timing of echocardiography after onset of a first-time STEMI. These results demonstrated that atrial dysfunction immediately after onset of STEMI suggests the poor prognosis after STEMI. Cox Hazard Proportional Analysis Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Autoantigenic Targets of B-Cell Receptors (BCR) Derived From Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemias Bind to and Induce Proliferation of Leukemic Cells.

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 2884-2884
Author(s):  
Klaus-Dieter Preuss ◽  
Gerhard Held ◽  
Natalie Fadle ◽  
Evi Regitz ◽  
Maria Kemele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Long Time ◽  
First Time

Abstract Abstract 2884 Background Auto-antigenic targets of the B-cell receptor (BCR) derived from malignant cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) might play a role in the pathogenesis of this neoplasm. Patients and Methods In order to identify autoantigenic targets of CLL-derived BCR we screened human tissue-derived protein macroarrays with Fab fragments obtained by papain treatment of CLL cells derived from 50 consecutive cases. Antigens were biochemically and molecularly characterized and recombinantly expressed. Results An autoantigenic target was identified for 12/50 (24%) of the cases, with 3 autoantigens being the target of the BCR from two patients each. CLL-BCR derived from the same stereotype subset recognized the same antigen, but differed epitopes. By flow cytometry using flag-tagged recombinantly expressed autoantigens binding of antigen to the surface of CLL was demonstrated, which was specific for the CLL cells from which the BCR used for the identification of the respective autoantigen was derived. Moreover, binding of the autoantigen to the respective leukemic cells induced specific activation as shown by increased cytoplasmic calcium concentration, induced MYC expression and proliferation of leukemic CLL cells as demonstrated by a proliferation assay (EZ4U). Conclusions Autoantigens are frequent targets of CLL-derived BCR. Their specific binding to and induction of proliferation in respective leukemic cells, which has been demonstrated for the first time, provide the most convincing evidence to date for the long-time hypothesized role of autoantigens in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocyte leukemia. Supported by Sander-Stiftung (Munich, Germany) Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Intercultural Mobility and European Identity: Impact of the Erasmus Exchange Programme in Terms of Cultural Differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-94
Author(s):  
Fatih Goksu
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
European Identity ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Exchange Programme ◽  
First Time

European mobility programmes have been seen as a promising method to promote European identity, particularly with a focus on young generations. In this article, I discussed the constructing role of the Erasmus exchange programme by employing the result of direct crosscultural interaction. Data from Eurobarometer surveys and outcomes concluded from the semistructured interviews revealed that socialising with other Europeans strengthened European identity but contact with the host country remained limited. Diff erent from other studies, this paper also reveals that the national identity of the participants precisely empower as a result of coaction. Furthermore, for the first time in the literature, semi-structured interviews unveiled that cultural differences such as stereotypes and prejudices have no negative effect in promoting European identity among students. Rather, it generates a positive impact for the awareness of national identity.

scholarly journals The Impact of Digital Transformation on Performance: Evidence from Vietnamese Commercial Banks

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Trang Doan Do ◽  
Ha An Thi Pham ◽  
Eleftherios I. Thalassinos ◽  
Hoang Anh Le
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact

The role of digital transformation in creating value for commercial banks has been interesting to researchers for a long time. While many commercial banks have significantly investigated digital transformation, researchers and managers have still met many difficulties examining the distribution of digital transformation to business performance. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of digital transformation on Vietnamese commercial banks’ performance by different sizes, from there proposing policy implications of digital transformation to improve the banking performance. To achieve this goal, we used a quantitative research method. Specifically, we applied the GMM system (SGMM) of Blundell and Bond for the data of 13 joint-stock commercial banks in Vietnam in the period from 2011 to 2019. Then Bayesian analysis is performed to test the robustness of the models estimated by the SGMM method. The result shows that the digital transformation has a positive impact on the performance of Vietnamese commercial banks. Besides, we also find that the larger the banks, the greater the positive impact of digital transformation on bank performance. Therefore, the efficiency of digital transformation depends on a bank scale.

scholarly journals Zlata Tkach’s Concerto for Piano and Orchestra as a Culmination of the Composer Symphonic Thinking

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-295
Author(s):  
Alyona Vardanyan
Keyword(s):  
Research Methodology ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Piano Concerto ◽  
Thematic Structure ◽  
Creative Personality ◽  
First Time

The purpose of the article is to characterize Zlata Tkach’s Piano Concerto as the culminating composition in the genre of the composer’s symphonic music. The research methodology is based on the method of complex musicological analysis, due to which, the role of this work in the system of memorial genres of the author is determined, typical style features of her work late period are revealed, the thematic structure of the Concerto is characterized from the position of the manifestation of the principle of dialogicity and monothematism. The scientific novelty of the research is that for the first time, intonation processes in a Piano Concerto by Z. Tkach are systematically analyzed and the correlation of its traditional and innovative features is characterized. Being by genre attribution an opus with a pronounced desire to use modern means of expression, the concert is distinguished by the manifestation of the principle of microthematism and textural thematism. In the dramaturgical solution, the author conducts a constructive search in dynamic, timbre and rhythmic comparisons. At the same time, the intonational unity between the sections of the form, being the development of the romantic principle of poetry, is expressed in the form of monothematism. Conclusions. The creative method of Z. Tkach manifests itself in the synthesis of tradition and experiment. This is confirmed by the intonation-thematic structure of the Piano Concerto, in which the convergence of contrasting material contributes to the formation of an integral musical and dramatic concept. The motifs that form the basis of the monothematism complex establish intonation arches between the sections of a one-part composition, fastening them and subordinating them to a common plan. Important importance belongs to the opposition of the roles of the participants in the performance. Their dialogical activity is manifested in a peculiar way by the composer, primarily in the dialogue between the soloist and the orchestra: the interweaving of two contrasting figurative spheres is realized primarily in terms of content. The principle of monothematism is manifested especially vividly in the characterization of tragic reflections, painful reflections on the eternal conflict of the creative personality with the surrounding world, leading to a deep understanding of what exists. The other embodies the dynamism of life, dominating in the culmination of ‘action’, the accumulation of energy. Both the piano and the orchestra are equally involved in the development of both figurative principles. The resulting translational, purposeful movement towards the finale determines, along with the principle of monothematism, the integrity of the entire composition.

scholarly journals Individual copy number variation and extensive diversity between major MHC-DAB1 allelic lineages in the European bitterling

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Talarico ◽  
Anna Bryjová ◽  
Dagmar Čížková ◽  
Karel Douda ◽  
Martin Reichard
Keyword(s):  
Balancing Selection ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Synonymous Mutations ◽  
Allelic Lineages ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Number Variation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
First Time

AbstractPolymorphism of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), DAB1 gene was characterized for the first time in the European bitterling (Rhodeus amarus), a freshwater fish employed in studies of host-parasite coevolution and mate choice, taking advantage of newly designed primers coupled with high-throughput amplicon sequencing. Across 221 genotyped individuals, we detected 1–4 variants per fish, with 28% individuals possessing 3–4 variants. We identified 36 DAB1 variants, and they showed high sequence diversity mostly located within predicted antigen-binding sites, and both global and codon-specific excess of non-synonymous mutations. Despite deep divergence between two major allelic lineages, functional diversity was surprisingly low (3 supertypes). Overall, these findings suggest the role of positive and balancing selection in promotion and long-time maintenance of DAB1 polymorphism. Further investigations will clarify the role of pathogen-mediated selection to drive the evolution of DAB1 variation.

scholarly journals The role of the gut microbiome during host ageing

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Seidel ◽  
Dario Riccardo Valenzano
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Intestinal Microbes ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
And Function ◽  
Open Question ◽  
First Time

Gut microbial communities participate in key aspects of host biology, including development, nutrient absorption, immunity and disease. During host ageing, intestinal microbes undergo dramatic changes in composition and function and can shift from commensal to pathogenic. However, whether they play a causal role in host ageing and life span has remained an open question for a long time. Recent work in model organisms has revealed for the first time that gut microbes can modulate ageing, opening new questions and opportunities to uncover novel ageing-modulating mechanisms and to design anti-ageing interventions by targeting the gut microbiota.

Numbers in the Dark

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Castronovo
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Visual Deprivation ◽  
Numerical Comparison ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Numerical Estimation ◽  
Finger Counting ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Numerical Representations ◽  
The Impact

How do we represent numbers in the dark? Is vision necessary in the elaboration of numerical representations and skills? These questions are of great interest, as for a long time, the role of vision has been implicitly and explicitly stressed in the acquisition and development of numerical representations and skills. Over the last few years, several researchers have directly addressed this question by studying the impact of early visual deprivation on numerical representations and skills. Different numerical processes have been investigated in blind people: numerical comparison, parity judgement, numerical bisection, numerical estimation, subitizing, and finger-counting. All these different studies, reviewed in the current chapter, strongly demonstrate that vision is not necessary in the elaboration of numerical representations and skills. However, more surprisingly, early visual deprivation might have a positive impact on numerical skills.

Direct imaging of charge transfer

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 680-681
Author(s):  
Yimei Zhu ◽  
J. Tafto
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Scattering Amplitude ◽  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Image Charge ◽  
Net Charge ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Electron Holes ◽  
First Time

The electron holes confined to the CuO2-plane are the charge carriers in high-temperature superconductors, and thus, the distribution of charge plays a key role in determining their superconducting properties. While it has been known for a long time that in principle, electron diffraction at low angles is very sensitive to charge transfer, we, for the first time, show that under a proper TEM imaging condition, it is possible to directly image charge in crystals with a large unit cell. We apply this new way of studying charge distribution to the technologically important Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2O8+δ superconductors.Charged particles interact with the electrostatic potential, and thus, for small scattering angles, the incident particle sees a nuclei that is screened by the electron cloud. Hence, the scattering amplitude mainly is determined by the net charge of the ion. Comparing with the high Z neutral Bi atom, we note that the scattering amplitude of the hole or an electron is larger at small scattering angles. This is in stark contrast to the displacements which contribute negligibly to the electron diffraction pattern at small angles because of the short g-vectors.

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