scholarly journals Changes in organic mental disorders features in persons who have repeatedly committed socially dangerous acts

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-161
Author(s):  
S N Popov ◽  
I N Vinnikova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Organic Mental Disorder ◽  
Organic Mental Disorders

Aim. Comparative analysis of the changes in clinical manifestations of organic mental disorders in persons who have repeatedly committed socially dangerous acts, and in patients without recurrence of misconduct.Methods. 93 patients with organic mental disorders who have committed socially dangerous acts and were declared as mentally insane and in whom compulsory medical measures assigned to them by the court were used were examined. Patients who have committed repeated socially dangerous acts after treatment were included in the main group (30 persons), patients who does not commit repeated socially dangerous acts were allocated to the comparison group (63 persons).Results. In the main group, patients with organic delusional disorder (F06.2, 20% vs 11.1%) dominated. In the control group, the share of patients with dementia of mixed origin (F02) was 22.2%, and in the main group - only 3.3%. In the main group, the prevalence of patients with psychotic conditions within the organic mental disorder was 43.3% versus 30.2% in the comparison group. At that, the rate of progression varied only slightly. The proportion of patients with no previously recorded episodes of decompensation was higher in the control group - 46.0% versus 13.3% in the study group. A few patients in both groups (10%) were supervised and regularly visited a psychiatrist. The number of patients who were not supervised or who attended psychiatrist rare was almost the same (46.7 and 47.6% in the study group and control group, respectively). At that, in the control group 12.7% of patients were not supervised due to the short disease duration (patients with dementia). There were a few more patients with a disease duration of more than 10 years in the comparison group - 54.0%, whereas in the study group - 43.3%.Conclusion. There is a number of differences in clinical manifestations of organic mental disorder and their changes over time, affecting the criminogenic risk of this population; an integrated approach to disease prevention, which can lead to an improvement in the criminal forecast, is needed.

Evaluations of Competency of Patients with Organic Mental Disorder

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarak Vasavada ◽  
Prakash S. Masand ◽  
George Nasra
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Psychiatric Consultation ◽  
Consultation Service ◽  
Organic Mental Disorder ◽  
Organic Mental Disorders

The authors retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients ( N = 903) seen by the Psychiatric Consultation Service from January 1, 1989 through December 31, 1991. A total of 74 patients had a diagnosis of organic mental disorders (delirium, dementia, or both). Of these, 32 patients were evaluated for competency (Study group), while the remaining 42 were evaluated for reasons other than competency (Comparison group). Patients in the Study group were more likely to be African American and less likely to be prescribed psychotropic drugs than the Comparison group. The majority of patients with organic mental disorder (87.5%) evaluated for competency were judged to be incompetent.

scholarly journals Clinical and Social Characteristics of Patients with Schizophrenia and Organic Mental Conditions Who Committed a Repeated Socially Dangerous Act

Doctor Ru ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
S.N. Popov ◽  
◽  
I.N. Vinnikova ◽  
A.S. Berezkin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Organic Mental Disorders ◽  
Group A ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Abuse ◽  
Group B

Study Objective: To compare clinical and social characteristics of patients with schizophrenia and organic mental conditions who committed a repeated socially dangerous acts (SDAs), not only in order to compare, but also to identify specific SDA risk factors. Study Design: comparative study. Materials and Methods. The study included 86 schizophrenia patients (study group) and 45 patients with organic mental conditions who committed SDAs, were found insane and were forced to undergo various court-appointed therapies for 2 and more times. In this study, we used the clinical psychopathologic method with due account to psychopathology and clinical statistic method as the main methods. Study Results. Hereditary load study demonstrated that in the study group (А) 35 (40.7%) out of 86 patients had hereditary exogenous conditions (pi < 0.05), while in controls (B) 9 (20%) out of 45 patients had such conditions (pi < 0.01). The number of patients without hereditary load was comparable in both groups: 45 (52.3%) vs. 24 (53.3%), respectively. In schizophrenia patients, only 6 (7%) patients had confirmed hereditary endogenous conditions, while in comparison group (B) this value was 9 (20%). Combined hereditary load was recorded only in controls: 3 (6.6%) patients. Almost all patients in comparison group (B) did not have a place work (44 (97.8%); pi < 0.01), while in the study group (A) the unemployed made 44 (51.1%). During the study, 45 (52.3%) patients in group (A) had associated bad habits (alcohol and drug abuse); 14 (16.3%) patients had both alcohol and drug abuse. 23 comparison group (B) patients had various bad habits; combined abuses were recorded in 8 (17.8%) cases. Alcohol and drug abuse were not diagnosed in 20 (23.2%) patients in study group and in 4 (8.9%) patients in controls. Conclusion. Data analysis demonstrates the clinical-social factors are noted in study groups and affect criminal behaviour and a probability of repeated SDAs in the future (with identification of factors specific for each nosological factor group). We have also identified differences in risk factors of a repeated SDA between patients with organic mental disorders and schizophrenia. Keywords: schizophrenia, organic mental disorders, repeated socially dangerous acts.

scholarly journals Fluid resuscitation patients with burn sepsis

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
O.M. Kovalenko ◽  
O.I. Osadcha ◽  
A.A. Kovalenko ◽  
A.S. Grisha ◽  
O.M. Lynnyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Group ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Septic Complications ◽  
Endogenous Intoxication ◽  
Lipid Oxidation Products

Objective. The purpose the of the study is to improve the fluid therapy regimens for burn sepsis patient. Materials and methods. The study is based on the observation 52 patients with burn sepsis aged 23 to 65 years, with a total body surface area more than 35 % at the Kyiv City Clinical Hospital № 2 during 2016-2019. Patients were divided into two groups: the main group – 30 patients were treated with crystalloids, plasma, albumin and Rheosorbilact (RSL); control group – 16 patients received treatment without using of RSL. Clinical and biochemical parameters of endogenous intoxication (tissue destruction products, medium weight molecules (MWM), concentrations of lipid oxidation products (LOP) – by diene conjugate content and oxidatively modified proteins (OMP) – by carbonyl groups) were studied. Results and discussion. Syndrome of endogenous intoxication was an increase in burn sepsis patients, which correlated with an increase in the number of LOP, OMP, MWM, namely an increase in the hydrophobic (most toxic) fraction of MWM, which is 2-3 times higher than in healthy, sick and both groups. MWM and hydrophobic fraction remained high during the observation period in patients of the comparison group. MWM decreased by 1.35 times in patients of the main group relative to the group of crystalloids. The level of carbonyl groups of serum OMP in patients of the comparison group was 50 % higher than in the main group. The indicators of LOP exceeded 1.45 times in the comparison group, which testified to the continuation of oxidative stress and the continuation of systemic inflammation. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was characterized by the appearance of bilateral infiltrates in the lungs, according to radiography. This common organ dysfunction was detected in 75 % of patients in the comparison group and in 63 % of patients in the RSL-group. The duration of mechanical ventilation in the main group decreased by 1,6 days. Conclusions. The use of Rheosorbylact for patients with burn sepsis at a dose of 15 ml/kg has led to a decrease in the manifestations of intoxication syndrome, reduction of MWM, LOP, OMP, clinical manifestations of systemic inflammatory response, septic complications by 1.3 times, septic shock from 16 to 12 %, and the incidence of ARDS from 75 to 63 %.

Schizophrenic First-rank Symptoms in Organic Mental Disorders

1988 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Marneros
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
The State ◽  
Psychotic Reaction ◽  
Organic Mental Disorder ◽  
Organic Mental Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
First Rank Symptoms ◽  
Reaction Patterns

The frequency of schizophrenic first-rank symptoms (FRS) were investigated in 1698 patients with an organic mental disorder (OMD) according to Schneider's and DSM-III criteria: 7% of the patients with OMD had FRS, compared with 47% of schizophrenic patients. However, the frequency of FRS depends on the state of consciousness and on the aetiology of the OMD: 20% of the patients with clear consciousness had FRS, but only 1.5% of those with clouded consciousness. In cases of some aetiologically defined groups of OMD, such as post-ictal epileptic psychoses or alcoholic hallucinosis, the frequency of FRS is similar to that in cases of schizophrenia. FRS appear to be psychotic reaction patterns whose substrate-related basis extends across the whole spectrum of endogenous and exogenous psychoses.

scholarly journals Differentiated approach to radical surgical treatment of elderly patients with tumor diseases of the pancreatoduodenal zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Badri V. Sigua ◽  
Vyacheslav P. Zemlyanoy ◽  
Alexey V. Gulyaev ◽  
Malkhaz Yu. Tsikoridze ◽  
Evgeny A. Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Tumor Diseases ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Repeated Surgery ◽  
Pancreatic Fistulas

BACKGROUND: In recent years, there has been a widespread increase in the incidence of tumors of the pancreatoduodenal zone, especially noticeable in the older age group. A decrease in the incidence of postoperative complications and mortality after pancreatoduodenal resection made it possible to expand the indications for surgical treatment of elderly and senile patients. AIM: Improvement of the immediate results of pancreatoduodenal resection in the treatment of elderly and senile patients suffering from tumor diseases of the pancreatoduodenal zone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pancreatoduodenal resection was performed in 61 elderly and senile patients with tumors of the pancreatoduodenal zone. The main group consisted of 32 patients, whose treatment was carried out in accordance with the developed algorithm for choosing a method for forming a pancreatodigestive anastomosis based on a scale for assessing the risk of developing pancreatic fistulas. The comparison group consisted of 29 patients in whom the method of forming a pancreatodigestive anastomosis was carried out in accordance with the preferences of the operator without taking into account the risk of developing a pancreatic fistula. RESULTS: In the main group, compared with the control group, pylorus-saving interventions were performed significantly more often 27 (84.4%) and 14 (48.3%) (p 0.01). There was also a decrease in the frequency of performing pancreaticojejunostomy 16 (50%) and 22 (75.9%) (p 0.05), due to the use of reservoir terminolateral pancreatojejunostomy 8 (25%) and 0, respectively (p 0.01). Postoperative complications were observed in 14 (43.8%) of the study group and in 21 (72.4%) patients of the comparison group (p 0.05). There was also a decrease in the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistulas from 8 (27.6%) to 2 (6.2%) (p 0.05) in the study group. Repeated surgery was required in 5 (15.6%) patients of the main group and 11 (37.9%) in the comparison group (p 0.05). The lethal outcome was recorded in 3 (9.4%) patients of the main group and in 7 (24.1%) in the comparison group (p 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of performing pancreatoduodenal resection in the treatment of elderly and senile patients can be comparable with the results of treatment of the general population. The use of the developed algorithm made it possible to reliably reduce the incidence of complications from 72.4 to 43.8% (p 0.05), postoperative pancreatic fistulas from 27.6 to 6.2% (p 0.05), as well as the frequency of repeated interventions. from 37.9 to 15.6 % (p 0.05). In addition, a downward trend in mortality was achieved from 24.1% to 9.4%.

Competency Evaluations on the Psychiatric Consultation Service

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Prakash Masand ◽  
Tarak Vasavada ◽  
George Nasra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Psychiatric Consultation ◽  
Consultation Service ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Organic Mental Disorders ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Competency Evaluations

AbstractThe authors retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients seen by the Psychiatric Consultation Service at their institution between January 1, 1989 to December 31, 1992. A total of 94 patients were evaluated for competency (study group). These were compared with 88 diagnostically matched patients (control group) who were assessed for reasons other than competency during the same time period. Patients in the study group were more likely to be black, less likely to be prescribed psychotropics, and more likely to be consulted upon later on during the course of their hospitalization. Among patients assessed for competency (study group) those patients judged to be incompetent were more likely to be older, have organic mental disorders (OMD), be prescribed psychotropics, and have longer hospital stays. Amongst patients in the study group, geriatric patients (> 60) when compared with nongeriatric patients were more likely to be female, Caucasian, and have OMD and multiple medical illnesses.

Natural mechanism of immunity in the elimination process of virus infection

2017 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
V.V. Bobrytska ◽  
◽  
O.V. Grishchenko ◽  
O.L. Chernyak ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Group ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Cervical Dysplasia ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Group A ◽  
Initiation Of Therapy

The objective: optimization of treatment of clinical symptoms and prevention of relapse infetsii virus (HSV, HPV) using immunomodulatory therapy alloferon. Patients and methods. The study included 50 patients aged 20 to 42 years with clinical manifestations of HPV in the form of warts of vulva, vagina, cervix, cervical dysplasia. Patients were divided into two groups according to the treatment received – the main group received Allokin-Alpha 1ml subcutaneous 6 injections, the comparison group – a-2b interferon 3 million 10 injections. Results. The group of patients treated with Allokin-аlfa, showed better clinical performance treatment of genital kondilomas lesions, decrease in the number of lesions in 6–12 days after initiation of therapy, decrease in the degree of dysplastic changes in the cervix, and the absence of relapse (in the control group 32% of patients had a relapse). No side effects as a result of Allokin-alpha has not been registered, while 76% of patients receiving a-interferon-2b expressed flu-like symptoms were observed, requiring additional purpose of detoxification drugs. Test results: in the main group had the elimination of HPV in 92% of cases, 78% in the control group; herpes – elimination of 96% of the cases in the main group and 75% in the comparison group. Conclusion The medicine Allokin-alpha is highly effective in the treatment of HPV and HSV infection, demonstrating good results of therapy, no relapse of infection. The recommended regimen – 6 injections of the drug prior to the electrosurgical treatment. Key words: human papillomavirus infection, herpes, Allokin-alpha, a-interferon-2b.

Thromboembolic complications prevention in the obstetric practice

2017 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
O.V. Grishchenko ◽  
◽  
V.V. Bobrytska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Obstetric Practice ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
And Control

The objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Enoxaparin-Pharmex for the prevention of thrombotic complications (pulmonary embolism) in the postoperative period in patients with moderate risk of these complications. Patients and methods. The study included 50 women after a caesarean section had an average degree of risk of pulmonary embolism. Patients were divided into the main group (n=25) and control group (n=25) in accordance with the treatment: patients of the main group received postoperative Еnoxaparin- Pharmex, group comparisons enoxaparin sodium (brand foreign manufacturer’s). Patients in both groups received the drug at a dose of 20 mg for 5 days, 1 time per day subcutaneously. Results. The research data analysis showed identity results of hemostasiogram of patients in the main group and the comparison group, no side effects after treatment in both groups. Conclusion. The clinical studies suggest the drug Enoxaparin-Pharmex is effective, safe LMWH, which can be used to prevent troboembolic complications, including post-operative treatment in obstetric practice. Spectrum of Enoxaparin-Pharmex can be extended to the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic conditions of varying severity with appropriate doses of the drug. Key words: Enoxaparin-Pharmex, prevention of pulmonary embolism.

PECULIARITY OF ADAPTATION OF BABIES ARE BORN PREMATURELY FROM MOTHERS WITH UNDIFFERENTIATED CONNECTIVE TISSUE DYSPLASIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2566-2568
Author(s):  
Tunzala V. Ibadova ◽  
Vitalii V. Maliar ◽  
Volodymyr V. Maliar ◽  
Vasyl V. Maliar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Phenotypic Markers ◽  
Group I ◽  
Neonatal Respiratory Distress ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia

The aim: To evaluate the peculiarity of clinical manifestations of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in deeply premature infants from mothers with phenotypic markers of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD). Materials and methods: The study represent the results of a retrospective clinical and statistical analysis of 268 premature birth report card and newborn report sheet. .The main (1 group) included 50 pregnants with obvious phenotypic markers of UCTD, the comparison group (group 2) consisted of 50 pregnant women without phenotypic markers of UDCTD. Results: According to the study, in 12 (24%) pregnant women of the main group at the time of admission to the clinic had contractions,which required specific therapy. Cervical cerclage was performed in 38 (76%) patients of the main group due to the presence of cervical insufficiency (CI). In these cases, the severity of the CI on the Steinber scale was 7.2 &#177; 0.4 points in the main group against 4.4 &#177; 0.2 points in the comparison group (p &#60;0.05). Group I patients were more likely to have complications of labor such as:premature rupture of membranes, uterine contraction abnormalities and fetal distress, which required in most cases cesarean delivery (7% and 2%), respectively (p &#60;0.05). The incidence of neonatal complications requiring respiratory support was 67% in group I and 48% in group II. According to our observations, the clinical manifestations of bronchopulmonary dysplasia were twice as high in infants of the main group (66%) against (44%) of the comparison group (p &#60;0.05). Conclusions:1.Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants is more often associated from mothers with UDCTD. 2. The high importance of steroid prophylaxis of NRDS and antioxidant therapy in reducing the frequency of mechanical ventilation and the development of bronchopulmonary pathology, especially in infants from mothers with UDCTD syndrome, has been proven. 3. The possibility of diagnosing disorders of functional maturation of the lungs in the fetal period using a non-invasive method of ultrasonography has been confirmed.

scholarly journals BIOMARKERS OF OSTEO-DEFFICIENCY IN THE COURSE OF SECONDARY OSTEOPOROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH COMORBID CHRONIC PANCREATITIS AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
T.I. Viun ◽  
L.M. Pasieshvili ◽  
S.V. Viun ◽  
A.S. Marchenko ◽  
O.V. Karaya
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Secondary Osteoporosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Detection Of Biomarkers

The prevalence of comorbidities has been growing for the last decades. Therefore, the detection of biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic purposes is of great practical importance. The aim of this study was to assess the biomarkers of osteo-defficiency in the course of secondary osteoporosis in patients with comorbid chronic pancreatitis and arterial hypertension. We examined 110 patients with chronic pancreatitis: 70 of them had comorbid hypertension, and 40 patients were found as having no comorbidities. The age of patients ranged from 33.2 ± 2.1 (main group) and 32.9 ± 3.1 years (comparison group); women predominated (72.9% and 70%, respectively). The control group includes 78 healthy individuals of the same age and sex. Diagnostic investigation included studying clinical and anamnestic characteristics of patients (duration of the disease, manifestations of the course, frequency of recrudescence, fractures) and biochemical parameters of bone metabolism: osteocalcin, total bone phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and the establishment of correlations between these parameters and incidence of complications. It was found that in the isolated course of chronic pancreatitis there is a high (R = 0.60) statistically significant (p <0.01) correlation between the levels of osteocalcin and pancreatic elastase-1. A negative statistically significant (p <0.01) mean correlation (R = -0.49) was found between the content of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and age of the patients having comorbidity of chronic pancreatitis and hypertension, as well as there is a moderate correlation between the content of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and the duration of hypertension, which is statistically significant (R = 0.36, p <0.01). The levels of total bone phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in the main group exceeded the reference values in 2.5 and 1.9 times respectively (CMU; U = 866.0; p <0.01), while in the comparison group were 2 times (total bone phosphatase) and 1.3 times higher (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) times, respectively (CMU; U = 821.0; p <0.01) that enables to diagnose the development of osteopenic conditions. That is, the combined course of chronic pancreatitis and hypertension should be considered as unfavourable tandem in the development of secondary osteoporosis and requires early osteoporotic screening.

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