scholarly journals Maladaptive Personality Traits and Psychopathological Symptoms in Individuals with the First Suicidal Attempt and with Chronic Suicidal Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-86
Author(s):  
A.B. Kholmogorova ◽  
M.I. Subotich ◽  
M.P. Korkh ◽  
A.A. Rakhmanina ◽  
M.S. Bykova
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms ◽  
Repeated Attempt ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Hypersensitive Narcissism ◽  
Repeated Suicide Attempt ◽  
Personality Features

The paper compares the severity of maladaptive personality traits and psychopathological symptoms in patients with primary and repeated suicide attempts. The study involved patients of the somatopsychiatric department of the Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Care (N=61), who committed the first suicide attempt (n=31) or a repeated attempt (n=30). The results of the study did not reveal differences between the two groups in the severity of symptoms of social anxiety, depression and trait anxiety. However, indicators of such maladaptive personality traits as perfectionism and hypersensitive narcissism were significantly higher in the group of patients with a repeated suicide attempt. This group also manifested higher rates of the severity of borderline personality disorder traits and significant correlations between measures of psychopathology and maladaptive personality traits listed above. Conclusion: timely diagnostics of maladaptive traits and psychotherapy targeting socially prescribed perfectionism, hypersensitive narcissism, and borderline personality features after the first suicide attempt is necessary to prevent repeated ones.

Suicide and Personality: Focus on Old Age

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 2018-2018
Author(s):  
D. Rujescu
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Temperament And Character Inventory ◽  
State Anger ◽  
Character Inventory

Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, mortality from suicide being approximately 2%. Attempted suicide appears to be a major risk factor for suicide completion. Anger, aggression and impulsivity are personality traits associated with suicide attempt. We analysed anger, impulsivity and temperament/character scales as predictors of aggression and self-aggression in suicide attempters and compared this to anger- and aggression-related traits between impulsive and premeditated suicide attempts as well as between violent and non-violent suicide methods.The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI), the Questionnaire for Measuring Factors of Aggression (FAF), and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) were assessed.Higher aggression scores, as measured by FAF, were predicted by being male, meeting criteria for borderline personality disorder and having higher angry temperament scores as assessed by STAXI. TCI dimensions associated with self-aggression were high harm avoidance, high impulsivity and low selfdirectedness.State anger, inwardly directed anger and inhibition of aggression were also predictors of self-aggression.In conclusion, impulsivity and harm avoidance have emerged as temperament dimensions independently associated with self-aggressive tendencies in personality. Such interactions could explain the correlation between temperament and suicidality but further research is needed. Anger and selfdirectedness appear to have some effects on suicide attempt.

scholarly journals Genetic variation in personality traits explains genetic overlap between borderline personality features and substance use disorders

Addiction ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 109 (12) ◽  
pp. 2118-2127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren R. Few ◽  
Julia D. Grant ◽  
Timothy J. Trull ◽  
Dixie J. Statham ◽  
Nicholas G. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Genetic Overlap ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Borderline Personality Features

scholarly journals Identity Diffusion as the Organizing Principle of Borderline Personality Traits in Adolescents—A Non-clinical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienn Rivnyák ◽  
Melinda Pohárnok ◽  
Bernadette Péley ◽  
András Láng
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Identity Diffusion ◽  
Borderline Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Borderline Personality Features

Growing evidence shows that diagnosing and treating borderline personality disorder (BPD) is of high relevance for affected youths. Although identity crisis is part of the normative developmental process, identity diffusion is a potential candidate for being an appropriate concept in further developing screening tools and interventions for BPD treatment in adolescence. We hypothesized that severity of borderline traits (as indicated by the strength of their associations with identity diffusion) would be negatively associated with non-clinical adolescents' endorsement of borderline features' presence. We also hypothesized that identity diffusion had a central role in the network of borderline personality traits and could be conceived of as a latent organizing principle of borderline personality disorder. In our study, 169 non-clinical adolescents (81 girls and 88 boys; Mage = 15.38; SDage = 1.52) filled out self-report measures of borderline personality features and identity diffusion. According to our results, having strong feelings and interpersonal sensitivity were the two most endorsed borderline personality features. Borderline personality features were positively correlated with identity diffusion. The more severe a borderline personality feature was, the less relevant it was for non-clinical adolescents. According to a network analysis, identity diffusion was the most central and least redundant element of the network of borderline personality traits. Results are discussed from a clinical point of view, further encouraging professionals to use identity diffusion screening tools to detect BPD in adolescence.

Depressed Multiple-Suicide­Attempters – A High-Risk Phenotype

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 367-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Sher ◽  
Michael F. Grunebaum ◽  
Ainsley K. Burke ◽  
Sadia Chaudhury ◽  
J. John Mann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Suicide Intent ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract. Background: There is compelling evidence that suicide attempts are among the strongest predictors of suicide and future suicide attempts. Aim: This study aimed to examine psychopathology in multiple-suicide attempters. Method: We compared the demographic and clinical features of three groups: depressed patients without a history of suicide attempts (non-attempters), depressed patients with a history of one to three suicide attempts (attempters), and depressed patients with a history of four or more suicide attempts (multiple attempters). Results: We found that attempters and multiple attempters had higher levels of depression, hopelessness, aggression, hostility, and impulsivity and were more likely to have borderline personality disorder and family history of major depression or alcohol use disorder compared with non-attempters, but did not differ between each other on these measures. Multiple attempters had greater suicidal ideation at study entry and were more likely to have family history of suicide attempt compared with attempters. Importantly, multiple attempters had greater suicide intent at the time of the most medically serious suicide attempt and more serious medical consequences during their most medically serious suicide attempt compared with attempters. Limitations: The cross-sectional design of the study. Conclusion: Our data suggest that multiple-suicide attempters require careful evaluation as their behavior can have serious medical consequences.

Efficacy of the Zero Suicide framework in reducing recurrent suicide attempts: cross-sectional and time-to-recurrent-event analyses

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nicolas J. C. Stapelberg ◽  
Jerneja Sveticic ◽  
Ian Hughes ◽  
Alice Almeida-Crasto ◽  
Taralina Gaee-Atefi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Recurrent Event ◽  
Event Analysis ◽  
Indigenous Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Repeated Suicide Attempt ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Background The Zero Suicide framework is a system-wide approach to prevent suicides in health services. It has been implemented worldwide but has a poor evidence-base of effectiveness. Aims To evaluate the effectiveness of the Zero Suicide framework, implemented in a clinical suicide prevention pathway (SPP) by a large public mental health service in Australia, in reducing repeated suicide attempts after an index attempt. Method A total of 604 persons with 737 suicide attempt presentations were identified between 1 July and 31 December 2017. Relative risk for a subsequent suicide attempt within various time periods was calculated using cross-sectional analysis. Subsequently, a 10-year suicide attempt history (2009–2018) for the cohort was used in time-to-recurrent-event analyses. Results Placement on the SPP reduced risk for a repeated suicide attempt within 7 days (RR = 0.29; 95% CI 0.11–0.75), 14 days (RR = 0.38; 95% CI 0.18–0.78), 30 days (RR = 0.55; 95% CI 0.33–0.94) and 90 days (RR = 0.62; 95% CI 0.41–0.95). Time-to-recurrent event analysis showed that SPP placement extended time to re-presentation (HR = 0.65; 95% CI 0.57–0.67). A diagnosis of personality disorder (HR = 2.70; 95% CI 2.03–3.58), previous suicide attempt (HR = 1.78; 95% CI 1.46–2.17) and Indigenous status (HR = 1.46; 95% CI 0.98–2.25) increased the hazard for re-presentation, whereas older age decreased it (HR = 0.92; 95% CI 0.86–0.98). The effect of the SPP was similar across all groups, reducing the risk of re-presentation to about 65% of that seen in those not placed on the SPP. Conclusions This paper demonstrates a reduction in repeated suicide attempts after an index attempt and a longer time to a subsequent attempt for those receiving multilevel care based on the Zero Suicide framework.

Personality disorder traits in young adults with subclinical obsessive-compulsive symptoms: Not just traits related to obsessive- compulsive personality

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-452
Author(s):  
Patrick Raynal ◽  
Tiffany Melioli ◽  
Henri Chabrol
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Psychopathological Symptoms

Research is scarce regarding personality disorder traits of individuals with subclinical obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Cluster analysis based on obsessional, schizotypal, and borderline personality and autism-spectrum features was conducted on the results for 118 students scoring above cutoff on the Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Revised. This identified four groups: O, L, S, and A. One third of the sample was represented by individuals with obsessional traits (O), while another third was composed of individuals with low traits (L); the last two profiles corresponded to a cluster with autistic traits (A) and a group with schizotypal and borderline features (S), both clusters together comprising the remaining third. Significant differences were observed between groups, both on personality traits and on psychopathological symptoms. The S cluster displayed the highest scores of suicidality, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. This study identified meaningful profiles of personality disorder traits, distinct from obsessive-compulsive personality, in individuals with subclinical obsessive-compulsive symptoms.

scholarly journals Recurrent suicide attempts in patients with depressive and anxiety disorders: The role of borderline personality traits

2013 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Stringer ◽  
Berno van Meijel ◽  
Merijn Eikelenboom ◽  
Bauke Koekkoek ◽  
Carmilla M.M Licht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Borderline Personality Traits
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