scholarly journals Overgeneral autobiographical memory (phenomenon, mechanisms, empirical research)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
O.D. Pugovkina
Keyword(s):  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Overgeneral Autobiographical Memory

In the last several years the role of overgeneral autobiographical memory (OGM) has been widely discussed in scientific articles as a factor in the appearance and chronification of depressive disorders. The present article describes the phenomenon of OGM as the difficulty in remembering episodes of specific events. Areas of research of OGM are discussed: its modern conceptualization, psychological mechanisms, as well as the role of genetic and psychosocial factors in its development. Methodological issues and directions of further research are discussed.

The role of overgeneral autobiographical memory in the development of adult depression following childhood trauma

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Burnside ◽  
Mike Startup ◽  
Marie Byatt ◽  
Lynn Rollinson ◽  
Jonathan Hill
Keyword(s):  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Overgeneral Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Adult Depression

Attitudes and Tourists’ Sustainable Behavior: An Overview of the Literature and Discussion of Some Theoretical and Methodological Issues

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Passafaro
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Environmental Psychology ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Tourism Studies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article reports an overview of studies that have investigated the role of attitudes in understanding tourists’ sustainable choices. The literature is discussed in the light of theories and empirical research in social and environmental psychology. The aim is to show how past and present work in these disciplines can help tourism scholars to deal with the complex functioning of the attitude concept when this is applied to sustainability issues. Particular attention has been paid to the theoretical and methodological distinctions between the different types of attitudes as they relate to sustainability. Suggestions for improving the effective use of attitudes in sustainability related tourism studies are made together with a discussion of the possible research avenues directed to consolidate as well as to broaden the theoretical foundations of the use of the attitude concept in this field.

Methodological Challenges in the Study of Negotiator Affect

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Smithey Fulmer ◽  
Bruce Barry
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
The Real ◽  
Methodological Challenges ◽  
Affect States ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article examines methodological issues that accompany expanding research attention to affect and emotion in bargaining and negotiation. The role of affect in negotiation is presumed to have anterior, experiential, and strategic components. After reviewing existing empirical research on emotion as predictor, consequence, and tactic in negotiation, we consider complications that challenge the researcher's ability to isolate the impact of specific affect states on particular components of the negotiation dynamic. That analysis leads to a survey and discussion of potential methodological remedies that will increase the ability of researchers to capture the "real" emotions that individuals experience, express, mask, and strategically deploy within the negotiation encounter.

Bad Drives Psychological Reactions, but Good Propels Behavior

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 634-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia S. Wang ◽  
Adam D. Galinsky ◽  
J. Keith Murnighan
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Moderated Mediation ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Psychological Reactions ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Evaluative Reactions

Research across disciplines suggests that bad is stronger than good and that individuals punish deception more than they reward honesty. However, methodological issues in previous research limit the latter conclusion. Three experiments resolved these issues and consistently found the opposite pattern: Individuals rewarded honesty more frequently and intensely than they punished deception. Experiment 2 extended these counterintuitive findings by revealing a divergence between evaluation and behavior: Evaluative reactions to deception were stronger than those to honesty, but behavioral intentions in response to honesty were stronger than those in response to deception. In addition, individuals wanted to avoid deceivers more than they wanted to approach honest actors. Experiment 3 found that punishment, but not reward, frequencies were sensitive to costs. Moderated-mediation tests revealed the role of different psychological mechanisms: Negative affect drove punishments, whereas perceived trustworthiness drove rewards. Overall, bad appears to be stronger than good in influencing psychological reactions, but good seems to be stronger than bad in influencing behavior.

Current psychometric and methodological issues in the measurement of overgeneral autobiographical memory

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. S21-S31 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Griffith ◽  
Jennifer A. Sumner ◽  
Filip Raes ◽  
Thorsten Barnhofer ◽  
Elise Debeer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Overgeneral Autobiographical Memory

Affect in Electoral Politics

1998 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Glaser ◽  
Peter Salovey
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Electoral Politics ◽  
Emotional Displays ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Traditional Assumption ◽  
The Impact

Recent U.S. history provides vivid illustrations of the importance of politicians' emotional displays in subsequent judgments of them. Yet, a review of empirical research on the role of affect (emotion, mood, and evaluation) in electoral politics reveals little work that has focused on the impact of candidates' emotional expression on voters' preferences for them. A theoretical framework is proposed to identify psychological mechanisms by which a target's displays of emotion influence judgments of that target. Findings from the emerging literature on emotions and politics challenge the traditional assumption of political science that voters make decisions based solely on the cold consideration of nonaffectively charged information. The affect and politics literature, although somewhat unfocused and broad, represents an interdisciplinary domain of study that contributes to the understanding of both electoral politics and social interaction more generally.

scholarly journals Overgeneral autobiographical memory bias in clinical and non-clinical voice hearers

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Jacobsen ◽  
Emmanuelle Peters ◽  
Thomas Ward ◽  
Philippa A. Garety ◽  
Mike Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Memory Bias ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Hearing Voices ◽  
Overgeneral Autobiographical Memory ◽  
And Control ◽  
Limit Access

AbstractBackgroundHearing voices can be a distressing and disabling experience for some, whilst it is a valued experience for others, so-called ‘healthy voice-hearers’. Cognitive models of psychosis highlight the role of memory, appraisal and cognitive biases in determining emotional and behavioural responses to voices. A memory bias potentially associated with distressing voices is the overgeneral memory bias (OGM), namely the tendency to recall a summary of events rather than specific occasions. It may limit access to autobiographical information that could be helpful in re-appraising distressing experiences, including voices.MethodsWe investigated the possible links between OGM and distressing voices in psychosis by comparing three groups: (1) clinical voice-hearers (N = 39), (2) non-clinical voice-hearers (N = 35) and (3) controls without voices (N = 77) on a standard version of the autobiographical memory test (AMT). Clinical and non-clinical voice-hearers also completed a newly adapted version of the task, designed to assess voices-related memories (vAMT).ResultsAs hypothesised, the clinical group displayed an OGM bias by retrieving fewer specific autobiographical memories on the AMT compared with both the non-clinical and control groups, who did not differ from each other. The clinical group also showed an OGM bias in recall of voice-related memories on the vAMT, compared with the non-clinical group.ConclusionsClinical voice-hearers display an OGM bias when compared with non-clinical voice-hearers on both general and voices-specific recall tasks. These findings have implications for the refinement and targeting of psychological interventions for psychosis.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinaridade na Pedagogia da Alternância: Perspectivas dos(as) Monitores(as) da Escola Família Agrícola de Marilândia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Felipe Junior Mauricio Pomuchenq ◽  
Roberto Telau
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
Popular Knowledge ◽  
Study Experience ◽  
Under Construction

The present article seeks to analyze the monitors' understanding of EFAM Interdisciplinarity from their role as educators, and to understand the importance expressed by EFAM monitors about interdisciplinarity. It uses as data collection instruments the bibliographic, documentary and empirical research (with the use of questionnaires). In the set of data analyzed we found that the challenges for interdisciplinary work in the study experience are related to the education and practice of the educator. However, there are several possibilities for the realization of this pedagogical practice according to the pedagogical instruments themselves, contributing to the theory-practice relationship. In our analysis, we show that interdisciplinarity in school is under construction. We know that, to act in an interdisciplinary way, it is fundamental to recognize the role of the disciplines and / or areas of knowledge in the student's formation, being one of the functions of interdisciplinarity to make the articulation between the different scientific and / or popular knowledge.

The Role of Perfectionism and Autobiographical Memory in a Sample of Parasuicide Patients

Crisis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Rasmussen ◽  
Rory C. O’Connor ◽  
Dallas Brodie
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Overgeneral Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Socially Prescribed Perfectionism ◽  
Hopelessness Depression ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
First Time

The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between social perfectionism, overgeneral autobiographical memory recall, and psychological distress (hopelessness, depression/anxiety, and suicidal ideation) in a sample of parasuicide patients. Forty patients who had been admitted to a Scottish hospital following an episode of deliberate self-harm participated in the study. The participants completed the autobiographical memory task and a battery of self-report measures (multidimensional perfectionism, hopelessness, depression/anxiety, and suicidal ideation). The results showed that repetitive self-harmers were more overgeneral in their recall of positive autobiographical memories than were first-time self-harmers. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that socially prescribed perfectionism interacted with overgeneral recall of both positive and negative memories to predict suicidal ideation/depression. The findings are discussed in relation to previous research.

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