scholarly journals Interrelation and Interdependence of Attitudes of Choice of Life Path and Propensity to Deviant Behavior in Military Personnel

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-151
Author(s):  
M.V. Levina ◽  
E.E. Krieger
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Choice Of Life ◽  
Life Path ◽  
The Relationship

Full-fledged development and optimal adaptation of a person in society is an urgent task of society. While reducing the risks of deviant behavior affects the psychological health and well-being of the subject. Their prevention is largely due to the peculiarities of choosing a life path. The novelty of this article is that it is devoted to the problem of choosing a life path for young men who are on active military service and have a tendency to deviant behavior. The study involved military conscripts from 18 to 23 years of age in the number of 50 young men. Test and projective techniques were used. The study established the relationship between the types of attitudes associated with the choice of young people's life path and their propensity to various forms of deviant behavior. The results show that young men who have hedonistic attitudes to choosing a life path do not tend to develop deviant behavior, while young men who are serving in the army, who have value and creative attitudes, tend to deviate. In addition, military personnel who have creative attitudes to choosing their life path show signs of addictive behavior and aggression when serving in the army. And the creative attitude of choosing a life path causes the emergence of addictions.

Role Identity of a Serviceman

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Nurzhan Saparkhanovich Mekebaev ◽  
◽  
Julia Mihajlovna Perevozkina ◽  
Ekaterina Vladimirovna Veterok ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Military Service ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Heterogeneous Systems ◽  
General System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
Psychosocial Effects ◽  
Theoretical Contribution

The problem end purpose. The article deals with the problem of the role identity of military personnel through the prism of the meta-system approach. Purpose: to propose a theoretical model for the formation of the role identity of a soldier. Background. Military role identity is a significant factor that affects the self-esteem of military personnel, as well as the willingness to perform their professional duties both within Russia and abroad. Currently, there are still many gaps in the understanding of the role identity of military personnel and its connection with the specifics of military professional activities. Most scientific research on the role identity of military personnel is related to psychological health or well-being, rather than professional role behavior or the effectiveness of role acquisition. Method. The metasystem approach allows to integrate various multifunctional systems and to consider the systems in interaction with the metasystem, which is a more general system in relation to the primary one. Results. Within the framework of the meta-system approach, it is possible to constructively explain the structure of the role identity of military personnel as a system complex of a distributed type, consisting of five hierarchical levels and formed in the process of interaction of a number of heterogeneous systems (culture, society and personality). Conclusion. These results show that a number of psychosocial and cultural factors influence the formation of the role identity of the subject in the conditions of military service. The constructed model makes a theoretical contribution by suggesting how these psychosocial effects can arise, interact with each other, and evolve.

scholarly journals The Psychological Impact of Coronavirus Pandemic Restrictions in Italy. The Mediating Role of the Fear of COVID-19 in the Relationship between Positive and Negative Affect with Positive and Negative Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-710
Author(s):  
Andrea Zammitti ◽  
Chiara Imbrogliera ◽  
Angela Russo ◽  
Rita Zarbo ◽  
Paola Magnano
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

Italy was quickly hit hard by the coronavirus. ‘Lockdown’ has significantly impacted the psychological health, personal wellbeing and quality of life of the people. The study aims to explore the relationship between positive and negative affect, as well as positive (spiritual well-being and flourishing) and negative outcomes (psychological distress caused by a traumatic life event in terms of perception of PTSD symptoms) on Italian adults during the lockdown period. Data was collected between April and May 2020. The participants were 281 Italian adults aged between 18 and 73 years. The survey was composed of the following measures: Flourishing Scale, Jarel Spiritual Well-Being scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Impact of Event Scale—Revised, Fear of COVID-19. The mediational analysis shows that fear of COVID-19 fully mediates the relationship between negative affect and spiritual well-being and flourishing; fear of COVID-19 partially mediates the relationship between negative affect and PTSD symptoms; the positive affect shows only direct effects on positive outcomes. Therefore, fear of COVID-19 does not play any mediation role. Implications for psychological interventions and future research will be discussed.

scholarly journals The Influence of Social Support on Dyadic Functioning and Mental Health Among Military Personnel During Postdeployment Reintegration

2016 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Cederbaum ◽  
Sherrie L. Wilcox ◽  
Kathrine Sullivan ◽  
Carrie Lucas ◽  
Ashley Schuyler
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Military Leaders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression

Objectives: Although many service members successfully cope with exposure to stress and traumatic experiences, others have symptoms of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety; contextual factors may account for the variability in outcomes from these experiences. This work sought to understand mechanisms through which social support influences the mental health of service members and whether dyadic functioning mediates this relationship. Methods: We collected cross-sectional data as part of a larger study conducted in 2013; 321 military personnel who had at least 1 deployment were included in these analyses. Surveys were completed online; we collected data on demographic characteristics, social support, mental health measures (depression, PTSD, and anxiety), and dyadic functioning. We performed process modeling through mediation analysis. Results: The direct effects of social support on the mental health of military personnel were limited; however, across all types of support networks, greater social support was significantly associated with better dyadic functioning. Dyadic functioning mediated the relationships between social support and depression/PTSD only when social support came from nonmilitary friends or family; dyadic functioning mediated social support and anxiety only when support came from family. We found no indirect effects of support from military peers or military leaders. Conclusion: Findings here highlight the need to continue to explore ways in which social support, particularly from family and nonmilitary-connected peers, can bolster healthy intimate partner relationships and, in turn, improve the well-being of military service members who are deployed.

scholarly journals Spiritual and Psychological Well-Being of Soldiers in Military Barracks: A Case Study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hosein Fadaei ◽  
Mahya Torkaman ◽  
Jamileh Farokhzadian
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Well Being ◽  
P Value ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Combination Studies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Military Barracks

Background: Spiritual well-being is the newest dimension of health, which is placed along with the physical, mental, and social aspects of health. Since soldiers in military barracks are exposed to multiple psychological pressures, their psychological well-being can be affected. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the spiritual well-being and psychological well-being and the relationship between these two concepts among soldiers in military service. Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was conducted at a military barracks in Iran in 2019. The study population included 301 soldiers selected using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using three questionnaires for data on sociodemographic, psychological well-being, and spiritual well-being. Results: The results showed that soldiers' spiritual well-being (Mean ± SD: 100.6 ± 12, 30, range: 50 – 120) and Psychological well-being (PWB) (Mean ± SD: 85.85 ± 7.91, range: 48 – 104) were at high levels. Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between spiritual well-being and psychological well-being (P value< 0.001, r = 0.41). Conclusion: Considering the correlation between spiritual well-being and psychological well-being among soldiers in military service, it is possible to improve their psychological well-being by promoting spiritual well-being. In this regard, more interventional and combination studies are recommended in the field of psychological well-being and spiritual well-being.

Combat-Related Killing and the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide

2017 ◽  
pp. 64-78
Author(s):  
Lindsey L. Monteith ◽  
Shira Maguen
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Pain Provocation ◽  
Military Service Members ◽  
Prior Experiences ◽  
Interpersonal Psychological Theory ◽  
The Relationship

Suicide rates among veterans and military service members have reached unprecedented levels. This underscores the critical need to understand risk factors for suicide in these populations. Combat-related killing is reported by a substantial number of military personnel and veterans and is associated with negative psychiatric and functional outcomes. Killing has been identified as a potentially important and understudied risk factor for suicide in military personnel and veterans. This chapter proposes the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide (IPTS; Joiner, 2005) as a theoretical model for understanding the relationship between combat-related killing and suicide. The IPTS proposes that thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness cause suicidal desire, whereas prior experiences with pain, provocation, and death result in habituation to the fear and pain associated with suicide, thus influencing one’s capability for suicide. The chapter concludes with a discussion of clinical implications and recommendations for future research.

Emotional self-efficacy and psychological health of police officers

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-610
Author(s):  
Clémence Violette Emeriau-Farges ◽  
Andrée-Ann Deschênes ◽  
Marc Dussault
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emotional Skills ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Understanding Emotions ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe evaluation of emotional management in police environments has impacts on their health and on their interventions (Monier, 2014; Van Hoorebeke, 2003). There are significant costs related to occupational diseases in the police force: absenteeism, turnover, deterioration of the work climate (Al Ali et al., 2012). Considering that policing involves a high level of emotional control and management (Monier, 2014; Al Ali et al., 2012; Dar, 2011) and that no study has yet examined the relationship between police officers’ emotional competencies and their psychological health at work (PHW), the purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship and influence of emotional self-efficacy (ESE) on PHW in policing.Design/methodology/approachPHW results from psychological distress at work (PDW) (irritability, anxiety, disengagement) and psychological well-being at work (PWBW) (social harmony, serenity and commitment at work) (Gilbertet al., 2011). ESE is defined as the individual’s belief in his or her own emotional skills and effectiveness in producing desired results (Bandura, 1997), conceptualized through seven emotional skills: the use of emotions; the perception of one’s own emotions and that of others; the understanding of one’s emotions and that of others; and the management of one’s emotions and that of others (Deschênes et al., 2016). A correlational estimate was used with a sample of 990 employed police officers, 26 percent of whom were under 34 years of age and 74 percent over 35. The ESE scales (a=0.97) of Deschênes et al. (2018) and Gilbertet al.(2011) on PWBW (a=0.91) and PDW (a=0.94) are used to measure the concepts under study.FindingsThe results of the regression analyses confirm links between police officers’ emotional skills and PHW. The results show that self-efficacy in managing emotions, self-efficacy in managing emotions that others feel, self-efficacy in using emotions and self-efficacy in understanding emotions partially explain PWBW (R2=0.30,p<0.001). On the other hand, self-efficacy in perceiving the emotions that others feel, self-efficacy in using emotions and self-efficacy in managing emotions partially explain PDW (R2=0.30,p<0.001).Originality/valueThis study provided an understanding of the correlation between police officers’ feelings of ESE and their PHW, particularly with PWBW. Beyond the innovation and theoretical contribution of such a study on the police environment, the results reveal the scope of the consideration of emotional skills in this profession.

Narcissism as a Consideration When Designing Health and Risk Messages

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin M. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Physical Appearance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being

Narcissism is a personality trait characterized by perceptions of grandiosity, superiority, and the need for attention and admiration. There has been an increase in focus on examining the development of narcissism and how the trait influences a range of social and health behaviors. A key feature of narcissism is that it is characterized by high self-esteem with a simultaneously fragile ego that requires continual monitoring and manipulation. Therefore, much of the behaviors narcissists engage in are linked to the drive to maintain perceptions of superiority and grandiosity. In the area of health and well-being, narcissism has been positively correlated with psychological health, a relationship that may be accounted for by self-esteem. However, there has been less research on the relationship between narcissism and physical health and well-being. There is some evidence that narcissism is linked to a variety of physical appearance-oriented health behaviors (i.e., behaviors that could affect body weight or other aspects of physical appearance, including eating and exercise). Narcissism has also been positively linked to risk-taking behaviors, including use of substances, as well as risks that could significantly impact others, including sexual behaviors and risky driving. The relationship between narcissism and health is therefore complex, with some positive correlates (e.g., physical activity), but also various health risk behaviors. In considering how narcissism might interact with health messages, communicators have to keep in mind that narcissists seem to have some deficits in judgment and decision-making, such as overconfidence and a narrow focus on rewards associated with behaviors. Their behaviors tend to be driven by managing their own ego and by drawing attention and admiration from others to maintain perceptions of superiority and grandiosity. In turn, health communicators may need to rely on creative strategies that tap into these domains of narcissism in order to effectively modify health behaviors among narcissistic individuals. Further research on the influence of narcissism in healthcare seeking and related preventive behaviors would also help to provide a more detailed understanding for how the trait influences health decisions, information that would be useful for both health researchers and practitioners.

scholarly journals Identity Denied: Comparing American or White Identity Denial and Psychological Health Outcomes Among Bicultural and Biracial People

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Analia F. Albuja ◽  
Diana T. Sanchez ◽  
Sarah E. Gaither
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
White Identity ◽  
Significant Variance ◽  
Dual Identity ◽  
Stress Study ◽  
Social Belonging ◽  
The Relationship

Because bicultural and biracial people have two identities within one social domain (culture or race), their identification is often challenged by others. Although it is established that identity denial is associated with poor psychological health, the processes through which this occurs are less understood. Across two high-powered studies, we tested identity autonomy, the perceived compatibility of identities, and social belonging as mediators of the relationship between identity denial and well-being among bicultural and biracial individuals. Bicultural and biracial participants who experienced challenges to their American or White identities felt less freedom in choosing an identity and perceived their identities as less compatible, which was ultimately associated with greater reports of depressive symptoms and stress. Study 2 replicated these results and measured social belonging, which also accounted for significant variance in well-being. The results suggest the processes were similar across populations, highlighting important implications for the generalizability to other dual-identity populations.

scholarly journals Measuring Self-Perceptions of Aging: Differences Between Measures When Predicting Health Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 481-481
Author(s):  
Jordan Boeder ◽  
Dwight Tse
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
Perceptions Of Aging ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The majority of self-perceptions of aging (SPA) research uses either a combination of the Age-related Cognition (AgeCog) scales of Ongoing Development and Physical Loss, or the Attitudes Towards Own Aging (ATOA) subscale to assess views on aging. Although these scales are used interchangeably, the valence (positive/negative) and the specificity of the view on aging (domain-based/general) being assessed are not consistent. This study investigates how different measures of SPA relate to one another and whether they differentially predict various types of health outcomes (psychological/physiological; well-being/ill-being). Data from the 2008 and 2014 waves of the German Aging Survey (DEAS; n=3,745), a population-based representative survey of adults aged 40 to 95, was used to examine the relationship between the AgeCog scales and the ATOA subscale, as well as the differences in the types of health outcomes each predicts. The correlations between the AgeCog scales and the ATOA were higher than the correlation between the AgeCog scales (p &lt; .001). The AgeCog scale of Ongoing Development significantly predicted psychological health outcomes across a six-year period, while the AgeCog scale of Physical Loss and the ATOA subscale predicted both physiological and psychological health outcomes. Evidence supports using the AgeCog scale of Ongoing Development to predict domain-relevant, psychological health outcomes. However, the multidimensionality of SPA is best measured by the ATOA subscale or a combination of the two AgeCog scales. Both forms of measurement were found to maximize the amount of explained variance for psychological and physiological indicators of well-being and ill-being.

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