scholarly journals Vehicular Classification Based on Vibration Caused by Uncontrolled Traffic Using Fibre Optic Sensor

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 09-32
Author(s):  
Awodu Onuora, Ukagwu Kelechi, Okuonghae Timothy, Azi S.O
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Gaussian Model ◽  
Light Signal ◽  
Total Loss ◽  
Vibration Sensor ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Fibre Optic ◽  
Sampled Data ◽  
High Attenuation ◽  
Stochastic Signal

Fibre optic vibration sensor (FOVS) converts vibration signal to light signal. Due to its prominent features, distributed fibre optic vibration sensor is preferred to conventional methods. Interest in FOVS has greatly increased over the years in structural health monitoring and vehicular traffic, hence the need to embark on this study. Distributed FOS is employed to measure the frequency of vibration caused by uncontrolled vehicular movement at Oluku By-Pass Bridge. Φ-OTDR is used to obtain millisecond snapshots of the stochastic signal arising thereof. A video shot was also recorded to match the exact timing of each excitation. Traces obtained show several frequency peaks at various corresponding backscatter level for high and low vehicular traffic. Sampled data analyzed with Fiberizer Cloud software indicates high attenuation contribute to low total loss and low attenuation lead to high total loss. Spectral analyses of the data at low and high traffic for the stochastic signal. The corresponding frequency peaks were calculated and the results used to classify vehicles at low and high speed. The FWHM obtained with double Gaussian model for differential trace shows that high traffic gives sharp peaks with standard deviation less than 0.6 and above 0.6 for low traffic. The analyses identified peaks above 4.0x10-3 for traces with trucks and cars at high speed, while peaks less than 4.0x10-3 were obtained for traces with cars. 

scholarly journals Wearable Vibration Sensor for Measuring the Wing Flapping of Insects

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 593
Author(s):  
Ryota Yanagisawa ◽  
Shunsuke Shigaki ◽  
Kotaro Yasui ◽  
Dai Owaki ◽  
Yasuhiro Sugimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vibration Sensor ◽  
Wingbeat Frequency ◽  
Film Sensor ◽  
Insect Wing

In this study, we fabricated a novel wearable vibration sensor for insects and measured their wing flapping. An analysis of insect wing deformation in relation to changes in the environment plays an important role in understanding the underlying mechanism enabling insects to dynamically interact with their surrounding environment. It is common to use a high-speed camera to measure the wing flapping; however, it is difficult to analyze the feedback mechanism caused by the environmental changes caused by the flapping because this method applies an indirect measurement. Therefore, we propose the fabrication of a novel film sensor that is capable of measuring the changes in the wingbeat frequency of an insect. This novel sensor is composed of flat silver particles admixed with a silicone polymer, which changes the value of the resistor when a bending deformation occurs. As a result of attaching this sensor to the wings of a moth and a dragonfly and measuring the flapping of the wings, we were able to measure the frequency of the flapping with high accuracy. In addition, as a result of simultaneously measuring the relationship between the behavior of a moth during its search for an odor source and its wing flapping, it became clear that the frequency of the flapping changed depending on the frequency of the odor reception. From this result, a wearable film sensor for an insect that can measure the displacement of the body during a particular behavior was fabricated.

scholarly journals Prevention of Mountain Disasters and Maintenance of Residential Area through Real-Time Terrain Rendering

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2950
Author(s):  
Su-Kyung Sung ◽  
Eun-Seok Lee ◽  
Byeong-Seok Shin
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Graphics Processing Units ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sampled Data ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Terrain Rendering ◽  
Mountain Disasters

Climate change increases the frequency of localized heavy rains and typhoons. As a result, mountain disasters, such as landslides and earthworks, continue to occur, causing damage to roads and residential areas downstream. Moreover, large-scale civil engineering works, including dam construction, cause rapid changes in the terrain, which harm the stability of residential areas. Disasters, such as landslides and earthenware, occur extensively, and there are limitations in the field of investigation; thus, there are many studies being conducted to model terrain geometrically and to observe changes in terrain according to external factors. However, conventional topography methods are expressed in a way that can only be interpreted by people with specialized knowledge. Therefore, there is a lack of consideration for three-dimensional visualization that helps non-experts understand. We need a way to express changes in terrain in real time and to make it intuitive for non-experts to understand. In conventional height-based terrain modeling and simulation, there is a problem in which some of the sampled data are irregularly distorted and do not show the exact terrain shape. The proposed method utilizes a hierarchical vertex cohesion map to correct inaccurately modeled terrain caused by uniform height sampling, and to compensate for geometric errors using Hausdorff distances, while not considering only the elevation difference of the terrain. The mesh reconstruction, which triangulates the three-vertex placed at each location and makes it the smallest unit of 3D model data, can be done at high speed on graphics processing units (GPUs). Our experiments confirm that it is possible to express changes in terrain accurately and quickly compared with existing methods. These functions can improve the sustainability of residential spaces by predicting the damage caused by mountainous disasters or civil engineering works around the city and make it easy for non-experts to understand.

scholarly journals Leadership skills, stakeholder management and execution of fibre-optic infrastructure: intervening influence of government policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 2426-2437
Author(s):  
James Akhwaba
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Stakeholder Management ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Fibre Optic ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Joint Influence

Abstract Communication technology has drastically evolved in the last 10 years across the globe. With increased demand for data and voice traffic, fibre-optic network is preferred to transmit high-speed broadband. Nonetheless, fibre-optic infrastructure involves huge construction challenges and continues to fail because of ineffective leadership, stakeholder management and government policies. The main purpose of this study was to investigate how government policy intervenes on the joint influence of leadership skills and stakeholder management on execution of fibre-optic infrastructure in Nairobi County, Kenya. This study adopted the pragmatism paradigm approach, with a cross-sectional survey design. Census was used to select 187 respondents from a target population of 187 functional staff in fibre-optic infrastructure departments. A questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data while an interview guide was used to collect qualitative data. Statistical analysis techniques were used to analyse the data. It was demonstrated that government policy has a significant intervening influence on the joint influence of leadership skills and stakeholder management on execution of fibre-optic infrastructure. Therefore, governments should come up with policies to guide and regulate execution of fibre-optic infrastructure, review building code to allow for fibre-optic services in new buildings, develop right of way conduits and establish a centrally coordinated authority to facilitate time-bound issuance of permits and related services. It was suggested that similar studies should be carried out in other countries and target vendors and contractors engaged in supply of equipment and construction of fibre-optic infrastructure.

High Speed Detectors For Fibre Optic Communications

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Monham ◽  
P. G. McTiernan ◽  
B. T. Debney ◽  
J. Hankey
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Fibre Optic

Broadband Communications for Aircraft in Oceanic and Other Remote Areas

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Stephen John Curran
Keyword(s):  
Video Streaming ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Data Service ◽  
Fibre Optic ◽  
Technical Challenge ◽  
Data Services ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Broadband Communications ◽  
High Speed Data

Data communication with aircraft presents unique technical challenges and these challenges are more pronounced when the aircraft are travelling over oceanic or other remote areas. When in populated areas, systems are available that can support high speed data services, one Gigabit per second (Gbps) and beyond via, terrestrial ground stations. However no such systems exist to provide airborne communications with high bandwidths among aircraft and between aircraft and the ground in more remote regions. Passengers will expect data service on the aircraft similar to what they typically experience on the ground. Multimedia activities, such as video streaming, are very bandwidth intensive and the provision of these services presents a serious technical challenge. On the ground, fibre optic cables are the method of choice for the provision of high speed data service, and in contrast, an airborne high speed data communications solution will need to be a wireless one.

scholarly journals High-Speed Light Signal Transmitters for Optical Communication Based on Ultraviolet Radiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 693
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
Jialei Yuan ◽  
Shuyu Ni ◽  
Chuan Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Optical Communication ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Light Output ◽  
Light Signal ◽  
Communication Performance ◽  
Ultraviolet Range ◽  
Space Data ◽  
Dominant Peak ◽  
Transmission Test

A light signal transmitter based on ultraviolet radiation is realized on GaN-on-silicon platform. The light signal transmitter with ultra-small active area is fabricated by a double-etching process. The absolute value of negative junction capacitance of transmitter is as low as the pF (picofarads) scale in positive bias voltage. Small capacitance is beneficial to improve the communication performance of a transmitter. The dominant EL (electroluminescence) peak of transmitter is located at about 380 nm in the ultraviolet range. With the increase of the current, the dominant peak of transmitter remains stable and the light output power is lineally modulated. A free-space data transmission test in the ultraviolet range with 250 Mbps was conducted to indicate a promising high-speed optical communication capability of a light signal transmitter in the ultraviolet range.

Design and Development of Redeployable Underwater Data Communication Link for Defence Application

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar ◽  
L. Anjaneyulu
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Communication Link ◽  
Fibre Optic ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Fibre Optic Cable

<p class="p1">Testing of underwater system for defence application is carried out from submersible platform at specified depth. The underwater platform houses the article under test, equipment and instruments required to conduct the test and to control the platform. During development phase of defence systems, large numbers of sensors are mounted on the test article and data is collected to validate the design. Data acquisition system, video camera and high speed video cameras are positioned on the platform to record physical parameters and observe visually the performance of the article under evaluation. Since the data and video signals are parallely recorded on ship, the bandwidth demand for real-time data communication from underwater platform to control station is very high. The existing technology presently used for underwater communication has limitation of bandwidth and not suitable for defence application. This paper describes in detail the design and development of a re-deployable data communication link by laying a specially designed negatively buoyant fibre optic cable in high-sea from ship to underwater platform to provide higher bandwidth required for defence application. The link has been successfully used for sea state less than one during evaluation of underwater defence system. The availability of bandwidth from underwater platform to control system can be increased significantly by laying fibre optic cable in high sea. It also provides unlimited bandwidth for the above requirement.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>

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