Water Pollution foundation Detection and Localization Based on Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-02
Author(s):  
Lào Phan
Keyword(s):  
Water Contamination ◽  
Dispersion Models ◽  
Contamination Source ◽  
Investigation Technique ◽  
Resource Identification ◽  
Source Limitation ◽  
Detection And Localization ◽  
Assessment Strategies ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Mathematical Design

Water contamination cause recognition is the prerequisite of water contamination foundation restriction. In belowmagazine, the resource identification issues of the system are proposed. To take care of the identification issues of static and dynamic contamination cause, the speculation investigation technique is applied. To make up the deficiencies of the smutty contamination source confinement calculation and the restriction techniques dependent on the dispersion models in water, a contamination source limitation calculation dependent on focus form is likewise projected. In the strategy for recognition, the related parallel theories, test measurements and the particular assessment strategies are given. In recreation analyzes, the source discovery strategies are tried. In strategy for restriction, the area of the source is gotten by the mathematical design highlight of the form. The outcomes show that the exhibition of the proposed calculation is better than different strategies when the focus shape is axis-symmetric. What's more, in contamination source location of the hub if the quantity of tests can be guaranteed, the less perception times might be more useful to get high discovery precision.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment Overview And Application: Comparison Of Structural Frame Alternatives For Office Buildings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan L. Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Concrete Frame ◽  
Impact Indicators ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
Assessment Strategies ◽  
Better Than

The objective of this project was to provide an overview of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and to demonstrate its application as a tool to provide a scientific comparison of alternative construction options for a commercial building in the Canadian context. The work entailed a quantitative assessment of the embodied environmental impacts of typical office buildings using a steel frame, and a concrete frame alternative (and associated components) in Toronto. Through the use of four assessment strategies, this study has indicated that the steel framed building performs better than the concrete building in most impact indicators, excepting primary energy and eutrophication potential. However, additional buildings should be assessed in order to confirm this finding. Furthermore, it was found that the manufacturing phase represents over 90% of the embodied impacts of the whole building. The study also advises caution when comparing different LCA studies and identifies its difficulties.

scholarly journals Plant Disease Detection and Localization using GRADCAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3069-3075
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Disease Detection ◽  
The World ◽  
Detection And Localization ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Made In

Plant diseases are diseases that change or disrupt its important functions. The reduction in the age at which a plant dies is the main danger of plant diseases. And farmers around the world have to face the challenge of identifying and classifying these diseases and changing their treatments for each disease. This task becomes more difficult when they have to rely on naked eyes to identify diseases due to the lack of proper financial resources. But with the widespread use of smartphones by farmers and advances made in the field of deep learning, researchers around the world are trying to find a solution to this problem. Similarly, the purpose of this paper is to classify these diseases using deep learning and localize them on their respective leaves. We have considered two main models for classification called resnet and efficientnet and for localizing these diseases we have used GRADCAM and CAM. GRADCAM was able to localize diseases better than CAM

Comparative Efficiency Analysis of Data Fusion Methods for Vehicle Trajectory Reconstruction

2019 ◽  
Vol 886 ◽  
pp. 182-187
Author(s):  
Anuthep Chomputawat ◽  
Watchara Chatwiriya
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Data Fusion ◽  
Linear Interpolation ◽  
Data Loss ◽  
Comparative Efficiency ◽  
Fusion Methods ◽  
Vehicle Trajectory ◽  
Sudden Transition ◽  
Detection And Localization ◽  
Better Than

This article compares the efficiency of vehicle trajectory analysis methods based on data fusion from multiple cameras, monitoring the same area from different views under the condition having detection errors, which causes incorrectly localized and, in some cases, undetected vehicle during the movement. The experiment used the simulation of detection and localization of vehicle moving in straight, curved, zigzag and arbitrary trajectories, with localization errors and multi-level loss of data. By comparing Kalman-filter-based method and Linear-interpolation-based method for analyzing and reconstructing vehicle trajectory, the result shows that the data loss robustness of Kalman-filter-based method is higher than that of Linear-interpolation-based method, with data loss around 97% 97% and 90% for straight, curved and zigzag trajectories respectively. However, for arbitrary trajectory, the Linear-interpolation-based method is better than Kalman-filter-based method in all levels of data loss. In conclusion, Kalman-filter-based method is effective in the case of unchanged or slight transition of direction, while Linear-interpolation-based method is effective in the case of sudden transition of direction.

scholarly journals Researches on Nitrates and Nitrites Content in Raw Milk

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirela Anamaria JIMBOREAN ◽  
Dorin TIBULCA ◽  
Adriana PAUCEAN
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Contamination Source ◽  
Different Origins

Nitrates and nitrites from milk may have different origins. The water polluted with nitrates and nitrites can get into milk especially during the cleaning operations of equipment and vessels. The main source of water contamination is the ammonium nitrate used as basic fertilizer in agriculture. A second important contamination source of milk with nitrates and nitrites may be the nitric acid used to remove „the milk stone” from the plate pasteurizers when using this substance is made recklessly. The most dangerous contamination is achieved when the ammonium nitrate is added directly to milk for purpose of falsification.

Forecasting Approach for Water Pollution Based on Markov Forecast Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 05-07
Author(s):  
Thìn Hà
Keyword(s):  
Water Contamination ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Value Assessment ◽  
Assessment Technique ◽  
Water Value ◽  
Expectation Model ◽  
Investigation Technique ◽  
Head Segment ◽  
Quality Framework

The time scale-arrangement gauging of water contamination is significant and troublesome issue of water contamination organize framework. The time-arrangement information of water contamination is tremendous, high-dimension and non-linear, data removal of it is troublesome. To understand the information digging and gauging for arrangement information of water contamination effectively, an enhanced expectation replica dependent on the smallest amount squares bolster vector engine is introduced in this magazine. To lessen the element of tests, the bit head segment investigation technique is utilized to remove the element data, which contains the vital parts of tests. At that point applying the unascertained thorough assessment technique and Markov estimate to the water value assessment, it defeats not just the vulnerability and arbitrariness in the water quality framework, yet in addition the irregularity of weight assurance, since it utilizes the credit progressive strategy to decide weight of each contamination factor impartially. At that point, through the checking information computation shows the gauge model is exact, yet in addition the outcome is logical and sensible, in view of the use of un-ascertained science strategy. The request model shows that this representation acquires acceptable outcomes, and gives a method of water superiorityestimate. At last, the proposed expectation model is applied in water contamination time-arrangement information determining tests. The exploratory outcomes show that the proposed approach has some preferred exhibitions over the overall techniques, for example, the great prescient precision and solidness in the time-arrangement estimating of water contamination.

Detection and Localization of Micro-Leakages Using Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Inaudi ◽  
Riccardo Belli ◽  
Roberto Walder
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Natural Gas Pipelines ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Detection Volume ◽  
Temperature Contrast ◽  
Fiber Optic Sensing ◽  
Detection And Localization ◽  
Single Instrument ◽  
Better Than

Distributed fiber optic sensing offers the ability to measure temperatures and strain at thousands of points along a single fiber. This is particularly interesting for the monitoring of pipelines, where it allows the detection and localization of leakages of much smaller volume than conventional mass balance techniques. Fiber optic sensing systems are used to detect and localize leakages in liquid, gas and multiphase pipelines, allowing the monitoring of hundreds of kilometers of pipeline with a single instrument and the localization of the leakage with a precision of 1 or 2 meters. This contribution presents recent testing results on controlled field trials. The tests demonstrate that it is possible to reliably detect oil leakages of the order of 10 liters to 1’000 liters per hour, corresponding to 0.01% to 0.1% of the pipeline flow. Tests were performed with small temperature differences between liquid and ground. The detection time was between 1 minute and 90 minutes. All simulated leakages were detected and localized to better than 2m accuracy. The paper describes the main parameters that affect the response time and detection volume, including the relative position of the leak to the sensing cable, temperature contrast and instrument performance. We also briefly report on relevant full-scale installations for the permanent monitoring of oil, brine and natural gas pipelines.

scholarly journals Does the Zero Carry Essential Information for Artificial Neural Network learning to simulate the contaminant transport in Urban Areas?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2090 (1) ◽  
pp. 012027
Author(s):  
M. Berendt-Marchel ◽  
A. Wawrzynczak
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Dispersion Models ◽  
Contamination Source ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural

Abstract The release of hazardous materials in urbanized areas is a considerable threat to human health and the environment. Therefore, it is vital to detect the contamination source quickly to limit the damage. In systems localizing the contamination source based on the measured concentrations, the dispersion models are used to compare the simulated and registered point concentrations. These models are run tens of thousands of times to find their parameters, giving the model output’s best fit to the registration. Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) can replace in localization systems the dispersion models, but first, they need to be trained on a large, diverse set of data. However, providing an ANN with a fully informative training data set leads to some computational challenges. For example, a single simulation of airborne toxin dispersion in an urban area might contain over 90% of zero concentration in the positions of the sensors. This leads to the situation when the ANN target includes a few percent positive values and many zeros. As a result, the neural network focuses on the more significant part of the set - zeros, leading to the non-adaptation of the neural network to the studied problem. Furthermore, considering the zero value of concentration in the training data set, we have to face many questions: how to include zero, scale a given interval to hide the zero in the set, and include zero values at all; or limit their number? This paper will try to answer the above questions and investigate to what extend zero carries essential information for the ANN in the contamination dispersion simulation in urban areas. For this purpose, as a testing domain, the center of London is used as in the DAPPLE experiment. Training data is generated by the Quick Urban & Industrial Complex (QUIC) Dispersion Modeling System.

scholarly journals JATIBARANG LANDFILL OF SEMARANG CITY: IS IT POTENTIAL AS THE WATER CONTAMINATION SOURCE?

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Hendrayana ◽  
Doni Prakasa Eka Putra ◽  
Thomas T. Putranto ◽  
Ponhalath Xaixongdeth
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Contamination Source ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
River Loads

Like other million inhabitants Cities, Semarang which is the capital city of Central Java Province in Indonesia has a problem in solid waste management. One biggest landfill in the City is the Jatibarang Landfill. The landfill operated since 1992 and currently receives the domestic waste of about 337 ton/day with total volume of about 5.2 million m3 of solid waste. It located on the hill slope of sandstone tertiary rocks and relatively closed to the river of Kreo (which is the main source of drinking water for Semarang City). In order to evaluate the potentiality of landfill as the contamination source to groundwater and surface water, the quality of leachates were analyzed and the hydrogeology of the area was re-studied. Result of the study show that the leachates contain high chloride concentration of about 2600 mg/L however low concentration of heavymetals. Hydrogeology study show evidence that this leachate is already enters the groundwater system. However its load to the river can be neglected due to the fact that the chloride mass flux derived from the study area was significantly low comparing to the net river loads. Key Word: landfill, water contamination, chloride, groundwater and surface water interaction

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment Overview And Application: Comparison Of Structural Frame Alternatives For Office Buildings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan L. Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Concrete Frame ◽  
Impact Indicators ◽  
Canadian Context ◽  
Assessment Strategies ◽  
Better Than

The objective of this project was to provide an overview of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and to demonstrate its application as a tool to provide a scientific comparison of alternative construction options for a commercial building in the Canadian context. The work entailed a quantitative assessment of the embodied environmental impacts of typical office buildings using a steel frame, and a concrete frame alternative (and associated components) in Toronto. Through the use of four assessment strategies, this study has indicated that the steel framed building performs better than the concrete building in most impact indicators, excepting primary energy and eutrophication potential. However, additional buildings should be assessed in order to confirm this finding. Furthermore, it was found that the manufacturing phase represents over 90% of the embodied impacts of the whole building. The study also advises caution when comparing different LCA studies and identifies its difficulties.

scholarly journals In-Flight Calibration and Performance of the OSIRIS-REx Visible and IR Spectrometer (OVIRS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Simon ◽  
Dennis Reuter ◽  
Nicolas Gorius ◽  
Allen Lunsford ◽  
Richard Cosentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiometric Calibration ◽  
Atmospheric Models ◽  
Ground Testing ◽  
Spectral Interpretation ◽  
Resource Identification ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Visible Wavelengths ◽  
And Performance ◽  
One Year ◽  
Better Than

Performance of the Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, Security–Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) Visible and InfraRed Spectrometer (OVIRS) instrument was validated, showing that it met all science requirements during extensive thermal vacuum ground testing. Preliminary instrument radiometric calibration coefficients and wavelength mapping were also determined before instrument delivery and launch using NIST-traceable sources. One year after launch, Earth flyby data were used to refine the wavelength map by comparing OVIRS spectra with atmospheric models. Near-simultaneous data from other Earth-orbiting satellites were used to cross-calibrate the OVIRS absolute radiometric response, particularly at visible wavelengths. Trending data from internal calibration sources and the Sun show that instrument radiometric performance has been stable to better than 1% in the 18 months since launch.

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