scholarly journals Application Of Geographic Information Systems (Gis) In Analysis Of Geological Risk Factors And Assessment Of Geohazards In Daugavpils And Ilūkste Districts

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juris Soms ◽  
Kaspars Laizāns
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Thematic Layers ◽  
Geohazard Risk

This article deals with the main aspects of geological and geomorphological hazards (geohazards) assessment by presenting review of GIS-based methodology for identification and analysis of environmental hazards of such type to which the Daugavpils and Ilūkste districts are exposed. It includes (1) critical review of the availability and state of the art in data sources about geological risk factors, (2) a description of using geomatics methods for obtaining thematic layers of risk factors and techniques of their combining and overlaying, and (3) an analysis and assessment of summary geohazard risk. Such a complex GIS-based studying of geohazards has not been performed before in the territory under study, nor has it been attempted in Latvia. At the same time obtained results allow highlighting areas exposed to geological risk within the Daugavpils and Ilūkste districts, hence providing relevant information for spatial planning of these territories.

scholarly journals Simple rules for an efficient use of Geographic Information Systems in molecular ecology

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Leempoel ◽  
Solange Duruz ◽  
Estelle Rochat ◽  
Ivo Widmer ◽  
Pablo Orozco-terWengel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Molecular Ecology ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Open Source Gis

AbstractGeographic Information Systems (GIS) are becoming increasingly popular in the context of molecular ecology and conservation biology thanks to their display options efficiency, flexibility and management of geodata. Indeed, spatial data for wildlife and livestock species is becoming a trend with many researchers publishing genomic data that is specifically suitable for landscape studies. GIS uniquely reveal the possibility to overlay genetic information with environmental data and, as such, allow us to locate and analyze genetic boundaries of various plant and animal species or to study gene-environment associations (GEA). This means that, using GIS, we can potentially identify the genetic bases of species adaptation to particular geographic conditions or to climate change. However, many biologists are not familiar with the use of GIS and underlying concepts and thus experience difficulties in finding relevant information and instructions on how to use them. In this paper, we illustrate the power of free and open source GIS approaches and provide essential information for their successful application in molecular ecology. First, we introduce key concepts related to GIS than are too often overlooked in the literature, for example coordinate systems, GPS accuracy and scale. We then provide an overview of the most employed open-source GIS-related software, file formats and refer to major environmental databases. We also reconsider sampling strategies as high costs of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) data currently diminish the number of samples that can be sequenced per location. Thereafter, we detail methods of data exploration and spatial statistics suited for the analysis of large genetic datasets. Finally, we provide suggestions to properly edit maps and to make them as comprehensive as possible, either manually or trough programming languages.

A Framework for Information Systems Integration in Mobile Working Environments

2009 ◽  
pp. 729-755
Author(s):  
Javier García-Guzmán ◽  
María-Isabel Sánchez-Segura ◽  
Antonio de Amescua-Seco ◽  
Mariano Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Integration Framework ◽  
Information Systems Integration ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Mobile Working

This chapter introduces a framework for designing, distributing, and managing mobile applications that uses and updates information coming from different data sources (databases and systems from different organizations) for helping mobile workers to perform their job. A summary of the state of the art in relation to mobile applications integration is presented. Then, the authors describe the appropriate organizational context for applying the integration framework proposed. Next, the framework components and how the framework is use are explained. Finally, the trials performed for testing the mobile applications architecture are discussed, presenting the main conclusions and future work. Furthermore, the authors hope that understanding the concepts related to the integration of mobile applications through the presentation of an integration framework will not only inform researchers of a better design for mobile application architectures, but also assist in the understanding of intricate relationships between the types of functionality required by this kind of systems.

A Framework for Information Systems Integration in Mobile Working Environments

2007 ◽  
pp. 212-224
Author(s):  
J. García-Guzmán ◽  
M. Sánchez-Segura ◽  
A. Amescua-Seco ◽  
M. Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Integration Framework ◽  
Information Systems Integration ◽  
Working Environments ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Mobile Working

This chapter introduces a framework for designing; distributing; and managing mobile applications that uses and updates information coming from different data sources (databases and systems from different organizations) for helping mobile workers to perform their job. A summary of the state of the art in relation to mobile applications integration is presented. Then; the authors describe the appropriate organizational context for applying the integration framework proposed. Next; the framework components and how the framework is use are explained. Finally; the trials performed for testing the mobile applications architecture are discussed; presenting the main conclusions and future work. Furthermore; the authors hope that understanding the concepts related to the integration of mobile applications through the presentation of an integration framework will not only inform researchers of a better design for mobile application architectures; but also assist in the understanding of intricate relationships between the types of functionality required by this kind of systems.

Airport Infrastructure Management with Geographic Information Systems: State of the Art

2000 ◽  
Vol 1703 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. McNerney
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Pavement Management ◽  
Infrastructure Management ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Inspection Process ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Management Capabilities

The widespread application of geographic information systems (GISs) at airports is detailed through surveys of U.S. airports. A recent survey conducted through the Airport GIS Committee of the American Association of Airport Executives indicated that more than 60 percent of airports use GISs or plan to use GISs within the next 3 years. The application of GISs for infrastructure management, environmental analysis, and airport operations is becoming commonplace at larger U.S. airports. Integration of infrastructure management in general and pavement management in particular with airportwide GISs provides far greater management capabilities than traditional infrastructure management systems. The development of integrated airport GISs and the availability of affordable, differentially corrected Global Positioning System receivers have resulted in a paradigm shift in methods of infrastructure management. As the new millennium approaches, the state of the art in infrastructure and pavement management is turning away from the traditional forms toward map-based systems that have sophisticated analytical tools. In the case of pavement management, the use of map-based analysis will overcome many of the shortcomings of the traditional MicroPAVER inspection process. The capabilities of the current state of the art in pavement management are detailed.

scholarly journals Application of GIS in quantitative geomorphological analysis of the Una River basin (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

Dela ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 77-94
Author(s):  
Aida Korjenić ◽  
Amina Sivac ◽  
Amra Banda
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Geomorphological Analysis ◽  
Agriculture Water

In this paper, the morphometric characteristics of the Una River basin (Bosnia and Herzegovina) were analyzed using geographic information systems (GIS). Quantitative geomorphological analysis was carried out (hypsometric characteristics, slope inclination,vertical relief dissection, and slope exposition). Analyzed parameters are indicators of shapes and recent processes in relief. The significance of this analysis is reflected in the fact that the obtained data have numerical value, are verifiable and multiple applicable in practice for the purposes of agriculture water management, construction sector urbanism, tourism, spatial planning, etc.

scholarly journals 181. Demographic and Geographic Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia using Geographic Information Systems Mapping and Spatial Statistics

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S199-S199
Author(s):  
Julia Marshall ◽  
Vance G Fowler ◽  
Felicia Ruffin ◽  
Paul Lantos ◽  
Christopher Timmins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Material Support ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia

Abstract Background Risk factors for community-associated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) are incompletely understood. We used Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial statistics to analyze demographic and geographic epidemiology of SAB in the community. Methods We used the S. aureus Bacteremia Group Prospective Cohort Study (SABG-PCS) at Duke University Medical Center to obtain demographic and clinical data. We used the American Community Survey and U.S. Census to supply neighborhood variables. Secular trends in demographic and clinical characteristics of SAB patients prospectively enrolled between 1995 and 2015 (n = 2478) were determined using linear regressions. To characterize spatial patterns in Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) bacteremia compared to Methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) bacteremia, we used GIS mapping and selected a subgroup of patients (n = 667) living in and around Durham County, North Carolina. We then created generalized additive models (GAMs) using this subgroup to detect geographic heterogeneities in probabilities of MRSA infections compared to MSSA infections. Results We found evidence of changing demographic and clinical characteristics of SAB patients over the 21-year period. The proportion of infections acquired in the community increased significantly (p < 0.0001). However, we did not detect spatial heterogeneities of MRSA infections in Durham County. Patient location of residence was not significantly associated with antimicrobial-resistant infections. Patient age and year of hospital admission were the only statistically significant covariates in our spatial models. Conclusion We utilized a novel method to analyze SAB in the community using GIS and spatial statistics. Future research should prioritize community transmission of S. aureus to identify robust risk factors for infection. Disclosures Vance G. Fowler, Jr., MD, MHS, Achaogen (Consultant)Advanced Liquid Logics (Grant/Research Support)Affinergy (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Affinium (Consultant)Akagera (Consultant)Allergan (Grant/Research Support)Amphliphi Biosciences (Consultant)Aridis (Consultant)Armata (Consultant)Basilea (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Bayer (Consultant)C3J (Consultant)Cerexa (Consultant, Other Financial or Material Support, Educational fees)Contrafect (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Debiopharm (Consultant, Other Financial or Material Support, Educational fees)Destiny (Consultant)Durata (Consultant, Other Financial or Material Support, educational fees)Genentech (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Green Cross (Other Financial or Material Support, Educational fees)Integrated Biotherapeutics (Consultant)Janssen (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Karius (Grant/Research Support)Locus (Grant/Research Support)Medical Biosurfaces (Grant/Research Support)Medicines Co. (Consultant)MedImmune (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Merck (Grant/Research Support)NIH (Grant/Research Support)Novadigm (Consultant)Novartis (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)Pfizer (Grant/Research Support)Regeneron (Consultant, Grant/Research Support)sepsis diagnostics (Other Financial or Material Support, Pending patent for host gene expression signature diagnostic for sepsis.)Tetraphase (Consultant)Theravance (Consultant, Grant/Research Support, Other Financial or Material Support, Educational fees)Trius (Consultant)UpToDate (Other Financial or Material Support, Royalties)Valanbio (Consultant, Other Financial or Material Support, Stock options)xBiotech (Consultant)

scholarly journals The Georeferencing of Old Cartography in Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Review, Analysis and Comparative Study of Georeferencing Software

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 437-460
Author(s):  
Jesús Cascón-Katchadourian ◽  
Jordi Alberich-Pascual
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Review Analysis ◽  
Detailed Evaluation ◽  
Historical Cartography

Contemporary organizations have faced the growing management of cartographic documentation, some of them of heritage interest. There are numerous institutions that are digitizing, georeferencing and publishing their historical cartography. The motivation of this research is to facilitate the choice of the most appropriate software to perform these tasks. This article carries out the critical review and analysis of four Geographic Information Systems (GIS) of full significance today. After systematizing the general characteristics and modules that must satisfy this type of application, we proceed to the detailed evaluation of the selected Geographic Information Systems, reaching as a result the discussion of the advantages that each one of them provides, of their distinctive characteristics, as well as their professional adequacy.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Spatial Clustering of Stroke Types, In-hospital Mortality, and Reported Risk Factors in Alberta, Canada, Using Geographic Information Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 299-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan van Rheenen ◽  
Timothy W.J. Watson ◽  
Shelley Alexander ◽  
Michael D. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Ischemic Attack

ABSTRACTBackgroundDespite advances in the quality and delivery of stroke care, regional disparities in stroke incidence and outcome persist. Spatial analysis using geographic information systems (GIS) can assist in identifying high-risk populations and regional differences in efficacy of stroke care. The aim of this study was to identify and locate geographic clusters of high or low rates of stroke, risk factors, and in-hospital mortality across a provincial health care network in Alberta, Canada.MethodsThis study employed a spatial epidemiological approach using population-based hospital administrative data. Getis-Ord Gi* and Spatial Scan statistics were used to identify and locate statistically significant “hot” and “cold” spots of stroke occurrence by type, risk factors, and in-hospital mortality.ResultsMarked regional variations were found. East central Alberta was a significant hot spot for ischemic stroke (relative risk [RR] 1.43, p<0.001), transient ischemic attack (RR 2.25, p<0.05), and in-hospital mortality (RR 1.50, p<0.05). Hot spots of intracerebral hemorrhage (RR 1.80, p<0.05) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (RR 1.64, p<0.05) were identified in a major urban centre. Unexpectedly, stroke risk factor hot spots (RR 2.58, p<0.001) were not spatially associated (did not overlap) with hot spots of ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, or in-hospital mortality.ConclusionsIntegration of health care administrative data sets with geographic information systems contributes valuable information by identifying the existence and location of regional disparities in the spatial distribution of stroke occurrence and outcomes. Findings from this study raise important questions regarding why regional differences exist and how disparities might be mitigated.

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