The 1513 Monte Crenone rock avalanche: numerical model and geomorphological analysis

As a contribution to the knowledge of historical rockslides, this research focuses on the historical reconstruction, field mapping, and simulation of the expansion, through numerical modelling, of the 30 September 1513 Monte Crenone rock avalanche. Earth observation in 2-D and 3-D, as well as direct in situ field mapping, allowed the detachment zone and the perimeter and volume of the accumulation to be determined. Thanks to the reconstruction of the post-event digital elevation model based on historical topographic maps and the numerical modelling with the RAMMS::DEBRISFLOW software, the dynamics and runout of the rock avalanche were calibrated and reconstructed. The reconstruction of the runout model allowed confirmation of the historical data concerning this event, particularly the damming of the valley floor and the lake formation up to an elevation of 390 m a.s.l., which generated an enormous flood by dam breaching on 20 May 1515, known as the “Buzza di Biasca”.

New Evidence to Support Zephyria Tholus as a Composite Volcano on Mars

Zephyria Tholus has been proposed to be a composite volcano, however, detailed geomorphological study was not carried out due to limited high-resolution remote sensing data. Here we use MOLA, THEMIS, CTX and HiRISE data to conduct topographical and geomorphological analysis of Zephyria Tholus. We identify extensive valleys and troughs on the flank, which are sector collapse or glacio-fluvial in origin. The valleys and troughs indicate coexistence of different erosion resistance materials, along with the observed solid lava outcrops. There are also layered materials identified on the wall of the largest valley. In addition, perched craters are identified on the top depression and flanks of Zephyria Tholus, indicating the presence of ice-rich layer. We conducted crater size-frequency distribution of the caldera and found the absolute model age is 3.74 (+0.03, −0.04) Ga. The geomorphology evidence and chronology result support the composite volcano nature of Zephyria Tholus, and indicate the magma volatile content in the Aeolis region in Noachian is more than 0.15 wt% if the atmosphere paleo-pressure was similar to present Mars.

Detailed investigation algorithm for hydrocarbons deposits exploration in terms of the Shebelynske gas-condensate field

In order to elaborate the neotectonic structure and improve the searching algorithm of new hydrocarbon traps at prospective areas, detailed airspace geological investigation has been carried out. For this study, the selected cross-section Dniprovsko-Donetska depression is the regional seismic profile Lozova-Shebelinka-Staropokrovka within the Shebelinska structure zone.In particular, the investigations consisted of structural and geomorphological analysis, analysis of the hourly seismic profile Lozovaya-Shebelinka-Staropokrovka and analysis of thermal anomalies and structural interpretation by using satellite images. This approach allowed to explore the Shebelinska structure zone and the East-Shebelinska depression for hydrocarbon traps feature properties detecting in Paleozoic sediments.Based on the results of the initial data processing, we established that Paleozoic complex cannot create hydrocarbon deposits, both due to low reservoir properties and due to insufficiently studied structure. Neotectonically, the Shebelinskaya structure looks like a dome-shaped uplift. This uplift is divided by a ravine-gully network into neotectonic blocks. Productive wells are located within the most active blocks.

The March 2021 Damasi Earthquake Sequence, Central Greece: Reactivation Evidence across the Westward Propagating Tyrnavos Graben

On 3 March 2021, a strong shallow earthquake affected northern Thessaly, Greece, with an epicenter close to Damasi village causing significant destruction of many stone houses. In this contribution, we provide fieldwork observations, satellite radar interferometry, mapping of the active faults exposed in the epicentral area, liquefactions and coseismic surface ruptures, and preliminary geomorphological analyses of the epicentral area. The geomorphological analysis is based on air photographs, digital surface models analysis, Real-Time Kinematik (RTK) measurements with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, and data from UAV flight campaigns. Although the seismotectonic setting of the area is complex and there is an apparent mismatch between field and interferometric data, the results of our investigations suggest that at least three fault segments were reactivated by the major shocks of the March seismic sequence. These tectonic structureslikely represent the westward propagation of the Tyrnavos Graben, where newly formed and inherited low-angle faults interplay in a complex manner.

GEOMORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF SMALL VOLCANIC ISLANDS IN NORTH MALUKU, INDONESIA

Indonesia, which is located in the Pacific Ring of Fire, has at least 100 active volcanoes that are spread among more than 17,000 islands. Several active volcanoes are located on small islands, so they require a greater effort in relation to disaster management, especially those related to volcano activities. However, research on the identification of small volcanic islands has not been widely carried out in Indonesia. This study tries to fill the gap using a geomorphological aspect approach, which consists of morphology, morphogenesis, morphochronology, and morphoaransement, to identify small volcanic islands in North Maluku Province. Literature review and spatial data collection were carried out to determine the parameters used in the identification of small volcanic islands. Based on the literature review, this study uses 5 (five) parameters, namely the island area, the type of material, the location / morphoaransement, the pattern of river flow, and the features of the landforms which include the presence of volcanic landform (morphochronology), slope, and morphology. Based on the spatial analysis using these 5 parameters, information is obtained that there are at least 6 of the 17 islands that meet the criteria to be called small volcanic islands in North Maluku. Data on small volcanic islands and their characteristics are important information to educate the public and improve preparedness.Keywords: morphology, morphogenesis, morphochronology, morphoaransement, small volcanic islands

GEOLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DRAINAGE BASIN OF THE PAULO SARASATE WEIR VARJOTA-CEARÁ,BRAZIL/ANÁLISE GEOLÓGICA E GEOMORFOLÓGICA DA BACIA DE DRENAGEM DO AÇUDE PAULO SARASATE VARJOTA-CEARÁ,BRASIL

Este artigo refere-se a análise geológica e geomorfológica da bacia de drenagem do açude Paulo Sarasate, com área de 3.501Km² a oeste do estado do Ceará. Após a interpretação de imagens de satélite Landsat 8 elaborou-se mapas temáticos tendo como apoio as folhas Sudene/DSG SB.24-V-B-1 (Santa Quitéria) e a SB.24-V-A-III (IPU) na escala 1:100.000. A metodologia utilizada foi a análise sistêmica através de levantamento bibliográfico, cartográfico e trabalho de campo. Sendo possível a identificação de 4 Unidades Geoambientais: a depressão sertaneja, a planície fluvial do rio Acaraú, os Maciços residuais e o Planalto Sedimentar da Ibiapaba. Tem início com a caracterização geológica e finaliza com a integração dos componentes geomorfológicos, permitindo estabelecer relações entre as formas e depósitos herdados de períodos geológicos anteriores, bem como as tendências evolutivas presentes.