Factors influencing the use of behavioral management techniques during child management by dentists

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Folayan ◽  
E. Idehen
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Behavioral Management ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Psychological Techniques ◽  
Dental Management ◽  
Bodily Arousal

Dental anxiety develops from a vicious cycle of bodily arousal from dental stimuli, cognitive interpretation and ineffective coping all working in a runaway feedback loop. Behavioral management strategies (BMT) aim at cognitive reorientation, which results in better compliance with instruction. This paper therefore tried to find out possible factors that influence the effective use of BMT during child dental management during treatment by dental operators in Nigeria. The levels of anxiety pre and post treatment were assessed using the short form of the dental version of the Child Fear Survey Schedule.Also, the type of treatment given to the child, the types and number of behavioral strategies employed during dental management as well as the gender and age of the child were noted. The professional status of the attending dental operator was also noted. Prior to the commencement of the study, the five students in the final year, who were to attend to the children in this study received one week training on the psychological management of dental anxiety in children. Results obtained from the dental operators were compared. The type of treatment received by the child did not significantly affect the dental anxiety score. The number of techniques combined by house officers and senior registrars were significantly higher than would be expected by chance (x2=16.030, P=0.0001 and x2=9.000, P=0.0001 respectively). Combination of techniques was also more frequent during invasive procedures and when dental anxiety levels were high. Combining techniques also tended to decrease dental anxiety more significantly than otherwise. Training has a role to play in the basic and efficient use in the management of the child dental patient. The training of dentists should thus entail the full spectrum (content and instructional effectiveness) of all psychological techniques.

The effect of psychological management on dental anxiety in children

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Folayan ◽  
D. Ufomata ◽  
C Adekoya-Sofowora ◽  
O Otuyemi ◽  
E. Idehen
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Psychological Techniques ◽  
Dental Management ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Psychological Management ◽  
First Time ◽  
Single Technique

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of using of psychological management techniques on the level of anxiety in Nigerian children during dental management. The Short Form of the Dental Anxiety Survey Schedule was administered to 81 children who were attending a suburban dental clinic for the first time. This schedule was re-administered again two weeks later when they came for a follow up visit. The age of the patients was recorded. The types as well as number of psychological techniques employed during treatment were also noted. The overall mean dental anxiety level of the children decrease from an average of 15.23±5.03 before treatment to 13.40+4.13 after treatment (p < 0.001). However, the mean dental anxiety score in children in whom no psychological technique was employed during treatment increased after treatment. On the other hand, there was also a statistically significant decrease in the mean dental anxiety level of children treated using either a single psychological technique or combined psychological techniques after treatment. Better results were obtained when combined psychological techniques where used than when only a single technique was used. It was concluded that psychological techniques used in the management of dental anxiety in children are highly effective in decreasing dental anxiety levels. Better results are obtained when a number of techniques are combined effectively.

Effect of psychological management techniques on specific item score change during the management of dental fear in children

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan ◽  
Adesegun Fatusi
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Dental Fear ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Item Score ◽  
Psychological Techniques ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fear Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Psychological Management

The aim of the study is to determine how specific fear inducing items contribute to the overall dental fear level in Nigerian children. In addition, it looks at the specific changes that psychological management produces on each item and how variables like age, gender and type of treatment received contribute to these specific changes observed. The dental fear level of 75 children, who were attending the dental clinic for the first time were assessed pre and post-treatment using the short form of the dental subscale of the child fear survey schedule. During treatment, the children were managed using various forms of psychological management strategies. The effect of age and the gender of the children on the dental fear level were analyzed. The effect of the type of treatment received, categorized into either invasive or non-invasive, on the dental fear level was also determined. Results showed that with the use of psychological management strategies, dental fear level of the children decreased significantly post treatment (13.45 vs 12.59; p=0.009). However, no statistically significant difference was noted in the dental fear scores based on age, gender and type of treatment received. On the other hand, the aggregate scores for each of the possible fear inducing items highlighted in the psychometric scale varied and so did the effectiveness of psychological techniques in significantly reducing dental fear scores for each of the items. Age, gender and type of treatment did have significant effect on the fear level changes that occur with specific items. It was concluded that although a significant change occurred in the dental fear level score of the child post management with psychological techniques, this does not necessarily translate to significant changes in the scores for each fear inducing item assessed by the psychometric scale. Age, gender and the type of treatment the child received also influence the change that could occur for each item. The dental fear level of the children decreased significantly post treatment (13.45 vs 12.59; p=0.009).

scholarly journals Dental Anxiety Management by Full Spectrum CBD Formulations: Dual Dosing (AM/PM) Protocol in A Real-World Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 034-041
Author(s):  
Cooper DL ◽  
Stephan R ◽  
Maygar CW
Keyword(s):  
Dental Health ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
P Values ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatments

Background: Dental Anxiety (DA) may produce a vicious cycle where dental problems are not adequately serviced. Chronic non-compliance with prescribed dental care and maintenance is associated ultimately with poor dental health. Current pharmacologic treatments such as benzodiazepines for DA are associated with poor efficacy and significant side effects.The anxiolytic effects of the most studied cannabinoid, cannabidiol (CBD) in the Dual Dosing (AM/PM) Full Spectrum Protocol are detailed here (DDFSP). Materials and methods: Our recently developed PhytoDental Solutions Dental Anxiety Scale (PDSDAS) composed of eight self-reported psychic, somatic and sleep indicators was utilized for scoring a subject’s DA level for three Time Groups (TG): the night before (T0); immediately after (T1); and 24 hours (T2) after a dental procedure or visit. Results: In this series of subjects completing at least one post-dosing time point, the Dual Dosing AM/PM Full Spectrum CBD (DDFSCBD) Protocol significantly reduced both psychic (43% to 67%) and somatic (51%) dental anxiety. Additionally, 87% of study patients reported substantially improved sleep the night before their dental visit. Kruskai-Wallis one-way ANOVA analysis of the three Time Group data sets yielded significant 1-tail statistical differences (p-values< 0.05) with p-values of 0.020 and 0.041 substantiating the role of the DDFSP to modify DA. Further, validation of the PDSDAS as a scoring measure developed for DA was extended by paired t-test comparisons to multiple smaller Paired Data sets across these Time Groups yielding 1-tail p-values of 0.010, 0.050 and 0.024 respectively. Conclusion: Determination of significance by both ANOVA and paired t-tests of PDSDAS scoring strongly suggest the Dual-Dosing (AM/PM) Full Spectrum Protocol is an effective Dental Anxiety anxiolytic.

Management of Child and Adolescent Obesity: Attitudes, Barriers, Skills, and Training Needs Among Health Care Professionals

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 110 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 210-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary T. Story ◽  
Dianne R. Neumark-Stzainer ◽  
Nancy E. Sherwood ◽  
Katrina Holt ◽  
Denise Sofka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Adolescent Obesity ◽  
Behavioral Management ◽  
Registered Dietitians ◽  
Pediatric Nurse Practitioners ◽  
And Training

Objective. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate among health care professionals their attitudes, perceived barriers, perceived skill level, and training needs in the management of child and adolescent obesity. Methods. A national needs assessment consisting of a mailed questionnaire was conducted among a random sample of health care professionals. The survey was completed by 202 pediatricians, 293 pediatric nurse practitioners, and 444 registered dietitians. Results. The majority of all respondents felt that childhood obesity was a condition that needs treatment (75%–93%), and affects chronic disease risk (76%–89%) and future quality of life (83%–93%). The most frequent barriers were lack of parent involvement, lack of patient motivation, and lack of support services. Registered dietitians were less likely to identify barriers to treatment compared with pediatricians or pediatric nurse practitioners. The most common areas of self-perceived low proficiency were in the use of behavioral management strategies, guidance in parenting techniques, and addressing family conflicts. All 3 groups expressed high interest in additional training on obesity management of children and adolescents, especially in the area of behavioral management strategies and parenting techniques. Those practitioners with &gt;10 years of practice reported the greatest interest in training. Conclusions. Pediatric practitioners view child and adolescent obesity with concern and feel that intervention is important. However, several important barriers interfere with treatment efforts and will need to be addressed. There is also a need for increased training opportunities related to obesity prevention and treatment. The results of this study provide directions and priorities for training, education, and advocacy efforts.

Disciplinary Dissent: The Troubled Implementation of a Restorative Justice Program at E.C. Johnson High School

2020 ◽  
pp. 155545892096671
Author(s):  
Alounso A. Gilzene
Keyword(s):  
School Districts ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Leadership Preparation ◽  
School Leader ◽  
Restorative Practices ◽  
Behavioral Management ◽  
Alternative Discipline ◽  
Procedural Change ◽  
Justice Program

As many schools and school districts across the nation consider replacing traditional behavioral management strategies with restorative practices, this case asks the readers to consider the challenges a school leader may face when attempting to implement school-wide procedural change. In this case, a school leader faced with race-based discipline disparities attempts to challenge this nationwide trend by bringing in a local organization to conduct restorative justice facilitation and reduce the school’s out-of-school suspension numbers. This proves to be challenging due to the systems that existed prior to this change and her difficulties in getting buy-in from her staff. This case may be used in leadership preparation courses as an example of the complexity and considerations involved when implementing restorative justice as an alternative discipline strategy.

Parental Self-Assessment of Behavioral Effectiveness in Young Children and Views on Corporal Punishment in an Academic Pediatric Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1183-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lance B. Irons ◽  
Heidi Flatin ◽  
Maya T. Harrington ◽  
Turaj Vazifedan ◽  
John W. Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Corporal Punishment ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Behavioral Management ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Parental Confidence ◽  
Behavioral Techniques ◽  
Parental Level

This article assesses parental confidence and current behavioral techniques used by mostly African American caregivers of young children in an urban Southeastern setting, including their use and attitudes toward corporal punishment (CP). Two hundred and fifty parental participants of children aged 18 months to 5 years completed a survey on factors affecting their behavioral management and views on CP. Statistical analysis included χ2 test and logistic regression with confidence interval significance determined at P <.05. Significant associations of CP usage were found in parents who were themselves exposed to CP and parental level of frustration with child disobedience. A total of 40.2% of respondents answered that they had not received any discipline strategies from pediatricians and 47.6% were interested in receiving more behavioral strategies. Clear opportunities exist for pediatricians to provide information on evidence-based disciplinary techniques, and these discussions may be facilitated through the creation of a No Hit Zone program in the pediatric practice.

scholarly journals Physical Functioning Decline and Mortality in Older Adults With Multimorbidity: Joint Modeling of Longitudinal and Survival Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Y Wei ◽  
Mohammed U Kabeto ◽  
Andrzej T Galecki ◽  
Kenneth M Langa
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Joint Modeling ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Multimorbidity is common among older adults and strongly associated with physical functioning decline and increased mortality. However, the full spectrum of direct and indirect effects of multimorbidity on physical functioning and survival has not been quantified. We aimed to determine the longitudinal relationship of multimorbidity on physical functioning and quantify the impact of multimorbidity and multimorbidity-attributed changes in physical functioning on mortality risk. Methods The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) is a nationally representative population-based prospective cohort of adults aged 51 or older. In 2000, participants were interviewed about physician-diagnosed chronic conditions, from which their multimorbidity-weighted index (MWI) was computed. Between 2000 and 2011, participants reported their current physical functioning using a modified Short Form-36. With MWI as a time-varying exposure, we jointly modeled its associations with physical functioning and survival. Results The final sample included 74,037 observations from 18,174 participants. At baseline, participants had a weighted mean MWI of 4.6 ± 4.2 (range 0–36.8). During follow-up, physical functioning declined: −1.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] −1.77, −1.67, p < .001) HRS physical functioning units per point MWI in adjusted models. Over follow-up, 6,362 (34%) participants died. Mortality risk increased 8% (hazard ratio 1.08, 95% CI 1.07–1.08, p < .001) per point MWI in adjusted models. Across all population subgroups, MWI was associated with greater physical functioning decline and mortality risk. Conclusions Multimorbidity and its associated decline in physical functioning were significantly associated with increased mortality. These associations can be predicted with an easily interpreted and applied multimorbidity index that can better identify and target adults at increased risk for disability and death.

scholarly journals The Effect of Satisfaction with Environmental Performance on Subjective Well-Being in China: GDP as a Moderating Factor

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinghua Zhao ◽  
Zongfeng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Behavioral Management ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Expectation Theory

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of environmental performance on subjective well-being against the background of different levels of economic development in China. The findings from the CGSS2015, combined with environmental quality data using the multi-level linear regression analysis method, indicated that the public’s satisfaction with environmental performance will significantly enhance their happiness. The GDP variable was found to moderate this effect with reference to the expectation theory, positing that people have high expectations of happiness in provinces with a high GDP. The higher their expectations of being happy, the smaller the effect of satisfaction with environmental performance on happiness. These findings make contributions to both theory and public policy making, with relevant guidelines regarding physical activity recommendations and behavioral management strategies discussed.

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