Candida, Mutans Streptococci, Oral Hygiene and Caries in Children

Objective: to test the association between Candida and mutans streptococci (ms), oral hygiene and caries levels and in children. Methods: 22 boys and 12 girls (age 6 to 14.5 years) participated in the study. Each participant received a toothbrush, and was asked to brush his/her teeth after proper instructions. Dental caries and oral hygiene were recorded. Candida and ms levels were determined in saliva samples. Results: Candida colonies were observed in 70.5% of the children. No association was found between Candida and caries or plaque and gingival indices. C. albicans-positive children demonstrated significantly higher brushing scores. Conclusions: Our findings may suggest that there is no clear association between Candida in saliva, and levels of cariogenic bacteria and caries risk in children.

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Study of caries risk factors in a group of Bucharest schoolchildren (2)

Romanian Journal of Stomatology ◽

10.37897/rjs.2015.2.8 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 156-160

Author(s):

Cristian Funieru ◽

◽

Ruxandra Ionela Sfeatcu ◽

Elena Funieru ◽

Mihaela Răescu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Buffering Capacity ◽

Mutans Streptococci ◽

Entire Group ◽

Moderate Degree ◽

Caries Risk ◽

Poor Oral Hygiene ◽

Real Risk

Introduction. A poor oral hygiene, a wick salivary buffering capacity or a high number of colonies of specific bacteria are real risk factors for dental caries. Material and method. This study was conducted on a sample of 46 students aged 10 to 12 years attending two schools in Bucharest. Oral hygiene assessment was made both by using questionnaires and by calculating the OHI-S score. The salivary risk factors were identified and analyzed using GC Saliva Check Buffer and GC Saliva Check Mutans tests. Results. OHI-S score for the entire group led to a moderate degree of oral hygiene. Almost 40% of pupils had a number of mutans streptococci colonies over the limit. Conclusions. The poor oral hygiene and the high number of mutans streptococci colonies in saliva found in this study lead to a high dental caries risk.

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Caries risk in children: determined by levels of mutans streptococci and Lactobaccilus

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/jcpd.29.4.16156896xt539001 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 329-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Luis Alejandro Aguilera Galaviz ◽

Gloria Premoli ◽

Anajulia Gonzalez ◽

Rafael Aguilar Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Good Predictor ◽

Risk Evaluation ◽

Mutans Streptococci ◽

Caries Risk ◽

A Value ◽

The Relationship

Lactobacullus sp. and S. mutans are microorganisms with cariogenic capacity, however, their presence do not determine the presence of dental caries.We evaluated the relationship between the presence of Lactobacillus sp. and S. mutans and dental caries in a schoolchildren population. The relation PIDMFT have a value of significance p = 0.001489. In dental caries risk evaluation, the S. mutans and Lactobacillus sp. detection in saliva is a good predictor and contributing to the caries development.

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ARE CARIOGENIC BACTERIA THE MAJOR RISK FACTOR TO DENTAL CARIES IN PATIENTS WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS?

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-2803.201900000-25 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 118-123

Author(s):

Eduardo RODRIGUES ◽

Nuno LARANJEIRA ◽

Gonçalo NUNES ◽

Lídia ROQUE-RAMOS ◽

Ana VIEIRA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Salivary Flow ◽

Buffering Capacity ◽

Mutans Streptococci ◽

Flow Rates ◽

Cariogenic Bacteria ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Lactobacillus Spp

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: High prevalence of dental caries in ulcerative colitis (UC) has been attributed to diet and changes in salivary environment. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to characterize the prevalence of dental caries, salivary flow rates, salivary buffering capacity and cariogenic bacteria counts of Mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus spp and to evaluate their relationship with drug therapy, disease activity and duration. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed with UC patients followed in a tertiary center. Participants were submitted to a questionnaire (including demographic data, oral hygiene, eating habits) and a clinical observation with assessment of plaque index and Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index. Unstimulated/stimulated saliva was collected. Medical records, disease activity (Partial Mayo Score) and disease duration were collected. Laboratory data included salivary flow rates, salivary buffering capacity (CRT® buffer) and cariogenic bacteria count (Mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus spp) in saliva using the CRT® bacteria test (results: high or low counts). RESULTS: Thirty UC patients were recruited. Oral hygiene routines were daily teeth brushing once or more (96.7%) and fluoride toothpaste (73.3%). Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index (mean 16.17±6.428) was not affected by the frequency of soft drinks, cakes, sweets and sugars between meals (P>0.2). Long-term disease showed a trend towards higher prevalence of caries (P=0.06). Most presented normal salivary flow rates, unstimulated (73.3%) and stimulated (60.0%), and high salivary buffering capacity (66.7%). Any association was found with age, gender, disease activity, disease duration and drug therapy. High Mutans streptococci and low Lactobacillus spp count were observed in 73.3% and 60% of patients, respectively. Patients with active disease (100%) and longer duration (88.9%) displayed higher Mutans streptococci count. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dental caries observed in UC patients was significant and did not seem to be influenced by their eating habits. The high prevalence of Mutans streptococci count may be a major risk factor for dental caries and may be looked as part of the UC dysbiosis. Dental care of UC patients should be planned according with this microbiota variation.

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How Regular Visits and Preventive Programs Affect Onset of Adult Caries

Journal of Dental Research ◽

10.1177/0022034511435701 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 91 (7_suppl) ◽

pp. S52-S58 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

A. Ito ◽

M. Hayashi ◽

T. Hamasaki ◽

S. Ebisu

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Preventive Treatment ◽

Mutans Streptococci ◽

Caries Risk ◽

Preventive Program ◽

Secondary Caries ◽

Cariogenic Bacteria

If it is to be effective, preventive dental treatment must be based on an individual’s risk of caries and periodontal disease. However, hitherto, preventive treatment has been generally conducted without proper caries-risk assessment because of lack of knowledge about an individual’s caries risk. This study sought to identify high-risk adult patients and examine the effectiveness of preventive programs. Data for 442 patients from a single general practice who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Multiple logistic-regression analysis showed that high levels of mutans streptococci (SM) correlated with the onset of primary and secondary caries, with odds ratios of 2.34 (95%CI: 1.15-4.76, p = 0.019) and 2.22 (95%CI: 1.06-4.62, p = 0.034), respectively. Lactobacilli (LB) also correlated with secondary caries, with an odds ratio of 3.34 (95%CI: 1.35-6.85, p = 0.007). When the patients were checked after three years of a preventive program, the correlation with SM and LB disappeared. Survival analyses by Cox regression models and Kaplan-Meier methods showed that secondary caries was difficult to control by conventional preventive programs alone in patients with high levels of cariogenic bacteria. In conclusion, cariogenic bacteria play an important role in the incidence of caries, and additional intensive preventive treatment should be considered for high-risk patients.

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Effect Of Oral Hygiene Practices On Dental Caries Risk Factors Among Adolescents

Annals of Dental Specialty ◽

10.51847/1vbgjrczg9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 11-16

Author(s):

Heba Ashi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Caries Risk ◽

Hygiene Practices

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Evaluation of Cariogenic Bacteria

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1698309 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 01 (01) ◽

pp. 031-039 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Fusao Nishikawara ◽

Yoshiaki Nomura ◽

Susumu Imai ◽

Akira Senda ◽

Nobuhiro Hanada

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Agar Medium ◽

Mutans Streptococci ◽

Caries Risk ◽

Culture Methods ◽

Instruction Manual ◽

Cariogenic Bacteria ◽

Commercial Kits ◽

Different Levels ◽

Commercial Kit

ABSTRACTObjectives : The evaluation of Mutans streptococci (MS) is one of the index for caries risk. DentocultTM and CRTTM are commercial kits to detect and evaluate MS, conveniently. However, the evaluation of MS has also been carried out simply using an instruction manual. But the instruction manual is not easy to use for evaluation of MS. The aim of this study was to examine the utility of modified Mitis-Salivalius Bacitracin (MSB) agar medium compared with MSB agar medium and commercial kits, and to establish a convenient kit (mMSB-kit) using modified MSB agar.Methods : The MS in stimulated saliva from 27 subjects were detected by MSB, modified MSB agar medium and commercial kits. Laboratory and clinically isolated strains of MS were similarly evaluated. The ratios of MS in detected bacteria were compared by ELISA.Results : The scores using an mMSB-kit on the basis of modified MSB agar medium were tabulated. Saliva samples showed different levels of MS between culture methods and the commercial kit. Some samples which were full of MS were not detected by the commercial kit. The detection of MS by modified MSB agar medium and mMSB-kit were significantly higher when compared with MSB agar medium, CRTTM, (P< .01) and Dentocult SMTM (P<.05).Conclusion : The sensitivity for detection of MS is higher for modified MSB agar medium when compared with MSB agar medium. The mMSB-kit can be used simply, and can be an important contributor for the evaluation of MS as a caries risk factor. (Eur J Dent 2007;1:31-39)

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Caries risk profiles in 2- to 6-year-old Greek children using the Cariogram

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1698981 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 06 (04) ◽

pp. 415-421 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Katerina Kavvadia ◽

Andreas Agouropoulos ◽

Sotiria Gizani ◽

Lisa Papagiannouli ◽

Svante Twetman

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

Buffer Capacity ◽

Mutans Streptococci ◽

White Spot Lesions ◽

Caries Risk ◽

Risk Profiles ◽

Fluoride Exposure ◽

High Caries Risk ◽

Risk Determinants ◽

Old Greek

ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the caries risk profiles in 2- to 6-year-old Greek children using a computerbased program and to evaluate the contribution of various risk factors.Methods: The study group consisted of 814 preschool children. A questionnaire on family, demographic and socioeconomic factors, general health, oral hygiene and dietary behavior was completed by the parents. Children were examined for cavitated and white-spot lesions (WSL). Salivary mutans streptococci (MS) and buffer capacity were estimated. Caries risk profiles were assessed with Cariogram.Results:Cavitated lesions were found in 30% of the children; WSL were found in 26% of those included. MS and low buffer capacity were detected in 28% and 26% of the children, respectively. The majority (70%) displayed neglected oral hygiene. Based on the questionnaires, 83% of the children had a cariogenic diet, and 17% did not use any form of fluoride. The Cariogram revealed that 26% of the children had high caries risk, while only 9% exhibited low caries risk. The most significant caries risk variables, determined by regression analysis (R2=0.88), were insufficient fluoride exposure (! =0.160) and the presence of WSL (!= 0.159).Conclusions: One-fourth of the children were categorised as high caries risk. The presence of WSL and lack of fluoride exposure were the most significant caries risk determinants. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:415-421)

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Relationship between Cariogenic Bacteria and pH of Dental Plaque at Margin of Fixed Prostheses

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2012/452108 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Junko Tanaka ◽

Norio Mukai ◽

Muto Tanaka ◽

Masahiro Tanaka

Keyword(s):

Mutans Streptococci ◽

Caries Risk ◽

Preventive Program ◽

Cariogenic Bacteria ◽

Plaque Ph ◽

High Caries Risk ◽

Oral Environment ◽

Natural Tooth ◽

Marginal Region ◽

Saliva Test

Objective. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether teeth that have undergone prosthetic restoration are under conditions that promote caries recurrence.Methods. The subjects were 20 dentate adults with both a healthy tooth and an affected tooth entirely covered with a complete cast crown in the molar regions of the same arch. The pH was measured in plaque adhering to the margin of the tooth covered with a complete cast crown and adhering to the cervicobuccal area of the natural tooth. In addition, the numbers of cariogenic bacteria (mutans streptococci and lactobacilli) were measured employing the saliva test. The relationships between the number of cariogenic bacteria and plaque pH of the natural tooth and between the number of cariogenic bacteria and plaque pH of the tooth covered with a complete cast crown were investigated.Results. The plaque pH of the tooth covered with a complete cast crown decreased as the numbers of SM and LB increased. The natural tooth were also influenced by the number of SM.Conclusion. Secondary caries are likely to develop from the marginal region of the crown in the oral cavity with a high caries risk unless a preventive program is prepared and the oral environment is improved following the program.

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Effectiveness of Different Preventive Programs in Cariogram Parameters of Young Adults at High Caries Risk

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2017/7189270 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Said Karabekiroğlu ◽

Nimet Ünlü

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Buffer Capacity ◽

Risk Group ◽

Mutans Streptococci ◽

Fluoride Varnish ◽

Caries Risk ◽

Short Term ◽

Who Criteria ◽

High Caries Risk

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of different preventive programs in young adults at high caries risk using Cariogram software. Methods. Sixty-six young adults with high caries risk were evaluated. Dental caries risk for all subjects was determined according to WHO criteria. Subjects were divided into three different preventive groups (control: OH, fluoride varnish: FV, and chlorhexidine varnish: CV). They were followed for 12 weeks (baseline: T0, 1 week: T1, 4 weeks: T2, and 12 weeks: T3). Plaque index, diet frequency, and salivary chairside tests (to record the flow rate, buffer capacity, and mutans streptococci and lactobacillus counts) were performed at each visit. Based on these data, ten caries-related variables were collected and inserted into the Cariogram software to calculate the predicted chance of avoiding caries for each subject. Results. Significant changes were obtained about the Cariogram parameters (diet, bacteria, susceptibility, circumstances, and Cariogram risk group). No significant differences were found between the three methods regarding mean Cariogram scores after 3 months (p>0.05). Conclusions. The regular and effective short-term (three months) use of 1450 ppm fluoridated toothpaste, one visit application of fluoride, and chlorhexidine varnishes were effective for reducing caries risk in young adults, which can be clearly demonstrated using Cariogram software.

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