Palatal Soft Tissue Thickness at Different Ages Using an Ultrasonic Device

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Lee ◽  
JH Park ◽  
M Bayome ◽  
HS Kim ◽  
SS Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Ultrasonic Device ◽  
Irregularity Index ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender

Objective: To evaluate the palatal soft tissue thickness among placement sites of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) in late mixed, early permanent and permanent dentition. Materials and Method: The sample consisted of three groups; 42 late mixed dentition (mean age = 11.0 years), 41 early permanent dentition (mean age = 13.8 years), and 38 permanent dentition (mean age = 23.1 years). Soft tissue thickness was measured intraorally with an ultrasonic device using a grid of 27, 4x4 mm2 squares to delineate the measurement points. Repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to analyze the data. Results: There was a significant difference in soft tissue thickness among dentition groups with the permanent dentition group showing the highest values (P < 0.001). In each group, the thickness significantly increased from median to lateral and from anterior to posterior sites. Furthermore, the thickness showed a significant difference according to the arch form and gender (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences according to irregularity index and Angle classification. Conclusions: The soft tissue thickness of the palate increases from the late mixed to permanent dentition. These findings may be helpful for clinicians to enhance their successful application of TADs in the palate.

scholarly journals Soft Tissue Thickness for Placement of an Orthodontic Miniscrew Using an Ultrasonic Device

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bong-Kuen Cha ◽  
Yeon-Hee Lee ◽  
Nam-Ki Lee ◽  
Dong-Soon Choi ◽  
Seung-Hak Baek
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
T Test ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Gingival Thickness ◽  
Ultrasonic Device ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Attached Gingiva ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Lower Arch

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate area- and gender-related differences in the soft tissue thickness of potential areas for installing miniscrews in the buccal-attached gingiva and the palatal masticatory mucosa. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 61 Korean young adults. An ultrasonic gingival-thickness meter was used to measure the soft-tissue thickness in the buccal-attached gingiva just adjacent to the mucogingival junction of the upper and lower arches and 4 mm and 8 mm below the gingival crest in the palatal masticatory mucosa. Independent t-test, paired t-test, and one-way analysis of variance were used for statistical analysis. Results: Buccal-attached gingiva thickness in the upper arch was significantly greater in men than in women, but buccal-attached gingiva thickness in the lower arch and palatal masticatory mucosa thickness 4 and 8 mm below the gingival crest did not show gender differences. Significantly thicker soft tissue occurred in the anterior areas in the upper arch and in the posterior areas in the lower arch. In the palatal masticatory mucosa, significantly thicker soft tissue was found 4 mm below the gingival crest in the anterior areas and 8 mm below the gingival crest in the posterior areas. The areas between the canines and the premolars showed higher values than other areas 4 mm below the gingival crest. However, the soft-tissue thickness 8 mm below the gingival crest showed a progressive increase from the anterior to the posterior areas. Conclusion: Measurements of the soft-tissue thickness using an ultrasonic device could help practitioners select the proper orthodontic miniscrew in daily clinical practice.

scholarly journals Variation of Facial Soft Tissue Thickness in Nepalese Adult Orthodontic Subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Ravi Kumar Mahto ◽  
Dashrath Kafle ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Singh ◽  
Sonika Khanal ◽  
Siddhartha Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Female Subjects

Introduction: Variations in facial soft tissue thickness have been established previously by studies conducted in different population. Hence, it is essential to obtain facial soft tissue thickness measurement data specific to a population and develop individual standards. The objective of this research is to obtain facial soft tissue thickness data of Nepalese adult male and female subjects seeking orthodontic treatment with different sagittal skeletal malocclusion and evaluate variations in facial soft tissue thickness. Materials & Method: Facial soft tissue thicknesses was measured manually on ninety pretreatment lateral cephalogram at eleven points (Glabella, Nasion, Rhinion, Subnasale, Labrale superius, Stomion, Labrale inferius, Labiomentale, Pogonion,Gnathion and Menton). One-way Analysis of variances [one-way ANOVA] followed by Least significant difference (LSD) post hoc test was used to determine difference in facial soft tissue thickness measurements among three sagittal skeletal group for both sexes. In addition, Student’s t-test was used to find difference in facial soft tissue thickness between the male and female subjects in each skeletal Class. Result: Statistically significant differences were found at points Rhinion, Subnasale, Labrale superius, Stomion and Gnathion in males and at Subnasale, Labrale superius, Stomion and Labrale inferius in females while comparing facial soft tissue thickness among three sagittal skeletal classes. Also, it was observed that mean facial soft tissue thickness was greater for males as compared to female subjects with significant differences at Subnasale, Labrale superius, and Labrale inferius in each skeletal Class. Conclusion: Facial soft tissue thickness varies considerably among different population group, sex and sagittal relationship of jaws.

Soft Tissue Thickness Variations of the Nose: A Radiological Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 711-718
Author(s):  
Melekber Çavuş Özkan ◽  
Fatma Yeşil ◽  
İnci Bayramiçli ◽  
Mehmet Bayramiçli
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Soft Tissue Coverage ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Soft Tissue Envelope ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background Soft tissue thickness (STT) is a major factor affecting the outcome in rhinoplasty. However, limited information is found in the literature on the age- and gender-related variations of the nasal STT. Objectives The purpose of this study was to measure STT at various landmarks over the nasal framework and compare the age- and gender-related differences. Methods STT measurements were made at 11 landmarks in 325 patients by employing magnetic resonance imaging. Patients were divided into subgroups to compare the STT differences between female and male and between the age groups as young, middle age, and elderly. Results Soft tissue was thickest at the nasion and thinnest at the rhinion. The soft tissue coverage was significantly thicker in the male population at the supratip, tip, nasal bones, upper lateral cartilages, and alar lobules, whereas it is thicker in females at the rhinion. Average thickness of the soft tissues over the entire nasal framework increases with age except the rhinion. Conclusions The STT is variable over different parts of the osteocartilaginous framework. Gender and age influence the STT. The soft tissue is thicker at the distal half of the nose in male patients, and these areas become gradually thicker with age, whereas the soft tissue over the midvault becomes thinner. Increasing age presents a particular challenge to achieve predictable results in rhinoplasty, and an understanding of the soft tissue envelope allows for improved aesthetic outcome. Level of Evidence 2

Accuracy of high-resolution ultrasound (US) for gingival soft tissue thickness mesurement in edentulous patients prior to implant placement

2020 ◽  
pp. 20200309
Author(s):  
Gül Sönmez ◽  
Kıvanç Kamburoğlu ◽  
Ayşe Gülşahı
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Alveolar Process ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Gingival Thickness ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Edentulous Patients ◽  
Clinical Measurements

Objectives: To evaluate and compare the accuracy of high-resolution ultrasound (US) with two different cone beam CT (CBCT) units and clinical assessment for measuring gingival soft tissue thickness in edentulous patients prior to implant placement. Methods and materials: The study consisted of 40 maxillary implant sites of 40 healthy patients (20 females, 20 males; mean age, 47.88 years). We prospectively evaluated labial/buccal gingival thickness in 40 implant regions (16 anterior and 24 posterior) by using limited field of view (FOV) CBCT images and US images in comparison to gold standard transgingival probing measurements. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare mean measurements obtained from CBCT (Morita and Planmeca), US, and transgingival probing. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) estimates were calculated based on means with two-way mixed and absolute-agreement model. Bland Altman plot was used to describe agreement between clinical vs US and CBCT measurements by constructing limits of agreement. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: There was no significant difference between methods used according to mean gingival thickness measurements obtained from the top (p = 0.519) and bottom (p = 0.346) of the alveolar process. US and CBCT measurements highly correlated with clinical measurements for both top and bottom alveolar process gingival thickness (p < 0.001). Distribution of differences between clinical measurements and both CBCT measurements showed statistically significant differences according to 0 (p < 0.05). Distribution of differences between clinical measurements and US measurements did not show statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). Conclusion: High-resolution US provided accurate information for the measurement of gingival soft tissue thickness in edentulous patients prior to implant placement.

PSI-4 Quantification of Cooling Effects on Basic Tissue Measurements and Exposed Cross-sectional Brain Area in Cadaver Heads from Market Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 226-227
Author(s):  
Katherine Bishop ◽  
Karly N Anderson ◽  
Sarah Albers ◽  
Kaysie Allen ◽  
Christina Huber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cooling Effects ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The objective of this project was to determine the impact of cooling on the soft tissue thickness, cranial thickness, and cross-sectional brain area of cadaver heads from market pigs. Documenting the effect of cooling on tissue dimensions of swine heads is valuable and important for future investigations of physical stunning and euthanasia methods that use cadaver heads. Cadaver heads were sourced from market pigs stunned with CO2. After transport to the data collection location, a captive bolt shot was applied in the frontal position. Following captive bolt application, each head (n=36) underwent an UNCHILLED and CHILLED treatment. The UNCHILLED treatment involved images collected immediately after splitting the head along the bolt path and the CHILLED treatment involved images of the same heads after storage in a walk-in cooler for 24 h at 2–4°C. All measurements for each treatment were determined from images of the heads cut along the plane of the bolt path immediately prior to and immediately after the refrigeration treatment. Measurements were performed by two observers; across all measurements, mean interobserver percent coefficient of variation (%CV) was 11.3±0.6%. The soft tissue posterior to the bolt path was different (P=0.0120) between treatments (CHILLED: 6.4±0.2mm; UNCHILLED: 7.2±0.2mm). The soft tissue thickness anterior to the bolt path was different (P=0.0378) between treatments (CHILLED: 5.5±0.2mm; UNCHILLED: 6.1±0.2mm). There was not a significant difference (P=0.8659) in cranial thickness posterior to the bolt path (CHILLED: 18.1±0.6mm; UNCHILLED: 18.3±0.6mm), nor was there a significant difference (P=0.2593) in cranial thickness anterior to the bolt path between treatments (CHILLED: 16.2±0.6mm; UNCHILLED: 15.2±0.6mm). Cross-sectional brain area did not differ (P=0.0737) (CHILLED: 3633.4±44.1mm; UNCHILLED: 3519.9±44.1mm). A correction factor of 1.12 was determined from this study for cases where estimation of UNCHILLED soft tissue thickness from CHILLED soft tissue thickness is necessary.

scholarly journals Evaluating Soft Tissue Thickness in Different Anterior-Posterior Skeletal Classifications Informative

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1629-1634
Author(s):  
Saba Safarzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Monirifard ◽  
Farinaz Shirban
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Background: The soft tissue thickness is affected by anterior posterior skeletal relationship. This study has been designed to evaluate the soft tissue thickness among different anterior posterior skeletal classifications. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 206 digital lateral cephalometric radiographs from patients undergoing treatment at several orthodontic clinics were evaluated. The skeletal group was determined by the ANB angle. The planned points were determined on digital radiographs using the Digimizer.V4.1.1.0 and then the measurements were done. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Pearson Correlation and Spearman tests. Results: Significant difference showed between soft tissue thickness at Subnasale between class I and II, at Subnasale, Labrale Superius, Stomion Superius, Stomion Inferius between class I and III and at Subnasale, Labrale Superius, Stomion Superius, Stomion Inferius, between class II and III. Among the women, soft tissue thickness at subnasale were higher in class I group compared to class II, Subnasale, Labrale Superius, Stomion Superius, Stomion Inferius were higher in class III compared to class I and at Labrale Inferius was higher in class II compared to class III. Among the men, soft tissue thickness at Stomion Superius, Stomion Inferius and Labrale Superius were higher in class III group compared to class I and II. Conclusion: We established that soft tissue thickness in some landmarks were significantly different between skeletal groups and gender. There is a correlation in soft tissue thickness and skeletal relationship at Stomion Inferius, Subnasale, Labrale Superius, Stomion Superius. Keywords: Soft Tissue, Skeletal Classification, Cephalometry

scholarly journals Reliability of ultrasound in evaluating the plantar skin and fat pad of the foot in the setting of diabetes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257790
Author(s):  
Troy Morrison ◽  
Sara Jones ◽  
Ryan Scott Causby ◽  
Kerry Thoirs
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Tissue Characterisation ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Observer Reliability ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements ◽  
Plantar Soft Tissue

Ultrasound can be used to assess injury and structural changes to the soft-tissue structure of the foot. It may be useful to assess the feet of people with diabetes who are at increased risk of plantar soft-tissue pathological changes. The aim of this study was to determine if ultrasound measurements of plantar soft-tissue thickness and assessments of tissue acoustic characteristics are reliable in people with and without diabetes mellitus. A repeated measures design was used to determine intra-observer reliability for ultrasound measurements of plantar skin and fat pad thickness and intra- and inter-observer reliability of plantar skin and fat pad tissue characterisation assessments made at foot sites which are at risk of tissue injury in people with diabetes. Thickness measurements and tissue characterisation assessments were obtained at the heel and forefoot in both the unloaded and compressed states and included discrete layers of the plantar tissues: skin, microchamber, horizontal fibrous band, macrochamber and total soft-tissue depth. At each site, relative intra-observer reliability was achieved for the measurement of at least one plantar tissue layer. The total soft-tissue thickness measured in the unloaded state (ICC 0.925–0.976) demonstrated intra-observer reliability and is the most sensitive for detecting small change on repeated measures. Intra-observer agreement was demonstrated for tissue characteristic assessments of the skin at the heel (k = 0.70), fat pad at the lateral sesamoid region (k = 0.70) and both skin and fat pad at the second (k = 0.80, k = 0.70 respectively) and third metatarsal heads (k = 0.90, k = 0.79 respectively). However, acceptable inter-observer agreement was not demonstrated for any tissue characteristic assessment, therefore the use of multiple observers should be avoided when making these assessments.

scholarly journals Quantification of cooling effects on basic tissue measurements and exposed cross-sectional brain area of cadaver heads from market pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karly N Anderson ◽  
Sarah E Albers ◽  
Kaysie J Allen ◽  
Katherine D Bishop ◽  
Brian J Greco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Co2 Gas ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cooling Effects ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The objective of this project was to determine the impact of cooling on the soft tissue thickness, cranial thickness, and cross-sectional brain area of cadaver heads from market pigs. Documenting the effect of cooling on tissue dimensions of swine heads is valuable and important for future investigations of physical stunning and euthanasia methods that use cadaver heads. Scalded and dehaired cadaver heads with intact jowls were sourced from market pigs stunned with CO2 gas. After transport to the data collection location, a penetrating captive bolt (PCB) shot (Jarvis Model PAS—Type P 0.25R Caliber Captive Bolt Pistol with Medium Rod Assembly and Blue Powder Cartridges) was applied in the frontal position. Following PCB application, each head (n = 36) underwent an UNCHILLED treatment followed by CHILLED treatment. The UNCHILLED treatment involved images collected immediately after splitting each head along the bolt path, and the CHILLED treatment involved images of the same heads after storage in a walk-in cooler for 24 h at 2 to 4°C. All measurements for each treatment were collected from images of the heads on the plane of the bolt path immediately prior to and immediately after the refrigeration treatment. Measurements were performed by two observers. Across all measurements, mean interobserver coefficient of variation was 11.3 ± 0.6%. The soft tissue caudal to the bolt path was different (P = 0.0120) between treatments (CHILLED: 6.4 ± 0.2 mm; UNCHILLED: 7.2 ± 0.2 mm). The soft tissue thickness rostral to the bolt path was different (P = 0.0378) between treatments (CHILLED: 5.5 ± 0.2 mm; UNCHILLED: 6.1 ± 0.2 mm). Cranial thickness caudal to the bolt path was not different (P = 0.8659; CHILLED: 18.1 ± 0.6 mm; UNCHILLED: 18.3 ± 0.6 mm), nor was there a significant difference (P = 0.2593) in cranial thickness rostral to the bolt path between treatments (CHILLED: 16.2 ± 0.6 mm; UNCHILLED: 15.2 ± 0.6 mm). Cross-sectional brain area did not differ (P = 0.0737; CHILLED: 3633.4 ± 44.1 mm; UNCHILLED: 3519.9 ± 44.1 mm). A correction factor of 1.12 was determined from this study for cases where estimation of UNCHILLED soft tissue thickness from CHILLED soft tissue thickness is necessary.

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