Impact of Socio-Cultural Practice of Infant/Young Child Gum Lancing during Teething

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
BO Olabu ◽  
DO Okoro ◽  
JM Thigiti ◽  
VA Oramisi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Severe Dehydration ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

Background: Fever and diarrhea are among the common morbidities that do occur during infancy and are sometimes wrongly associated with teething by the community. Some societies practice gum lancing, ordinarily referred to as gum cutting, as a remedy for the “teething diarrhoea”. These myths have a potential of giving false security with the belief that these symptoms are part of the teething process, and so medical attention may not be sought when necessary. There are few studies focusing on the outcome of such practices despite their known potential dangers. Objective: To describe various methods of gum lancing and clinical presentation, management and outcome of gum lancing among the Akamba people as seen in Kangundo District Hospital. Method: One hundred and fifteen infants/children who were brought to the hospital with a positive history of gum lancing. Results: The common presenting complaints were persistent diarrhoea (74.0%), fever (44.3%), difficulty in breathing (27.8%) and refusal to feed (20.9%). 58.3% cases warranted admission and these included severe dehydration and shock (47.8%), severe and very severe pneumonia (40.3%), meningitis (26.9%) and generalized sepsis (17.9%). There were a total of 7 mortalities (6.1%), 3 on arrival and 4 within the pediatric ward. Invasive gum lancing procedures and delayed seeking of medical attention were associated with severe disease and poorer outcomes. Conclusion: The impact of gum lancing is of both a public health and economic significance. It is associated with unfavorable outcome if prompt measures are not put in place. There is need to conduct community sensitization and educate caregivers on the truths of teething and dangers of gum lancing as well as seeking health services for fever and diarrhoea. Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and adequate rehydration are necessary in management of the victims.

The Experience of Poetry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Attridge
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
English Renaissance ◽  
Ancient Rome ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

The question this book addresses is whether, in addition to its other roles, poetry—or a cultural practice we now call poetry—has, across the two-and-a-half millennia from the composition of the Homeric epics to the publication of Ben Jonson’s Works and the death of Shakespeare in 1616, continuously afforded the pleasurable experience we identify with the crafting of language into memorable and moving rhythmic forms. Parts I and II examine the evidence for the performance of the Iliad and the Odyssey and of Ancient Greek lyric poetry, the impact of the invention of writing on Alexandrian verse, the performances of poetry that characterized Ancient Rome, and the private and public venues for poetic experience in Late Antiquity. Part III deals with medieval verse, exploring the oral traditions that spread across Europe in the vernacular languages, the importance of manuscript transmission, the shift from roll to codex and from papyrus to parchment, and the changing audiences for poetry. Part IV explores the achievements of the English Renaissance, from the manuscript verse of Henry VIII’s court to the anthologies and collections of the late Elizabethan period. Among the topics considered in this part are the advent of print, the experience of the solitary reader, the continuing significance of manuscript circulation, the presence of poet figures in pageants and progresses, and the appearance of poets on the Elizabethan stage. Tracking both continuity and change, the book offers a history of what, over these twenty-five centuries, it has meant to enjoy a poem.

Dependency in Africa: Stages of African Political Economy

1983 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amechi Okolo
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
International System ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The West ◽  
Cheap Labour ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Contact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper traces the history of the relationship between Africa and the West since their first contact brought about by the outward thrust of the West, under the impetus of rising capitalism, in search of cheap labour and cheap raw material for its industries and expanding markets for its industrial products, both of which could be better ensured through domination and exploitation. The paper identifies five successive stages that African political economy has passed through under the impact of this relationship, each phase qualitatively different from the other but all having the common characteristic of domination-dependence syndrome, and each phase having been dictated by the dynamics of capitalism in different eras and by the dominant forces in the changing international system. Its finding is that the way to the latest stage, the dependency phase, was paved by the progressive proletarianization of the African peoples and the maintenance of an international peonage system. It ends by indicating the direction in which Africa can make a beginning to break out of dependency and achieve liberation.

scholarly journals Clinico-Pathological Findings of Bangladeshi Covid 19 Patients with their Clinical Outcome: Study of A Cohort of 201 Cases

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Nasir Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Md Azizul Islam ◽  
Md Anwarul Kabir ◽  
Md Habibur Rahman ◽  
SM Anwar Sadat
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
History Of

Introduction: COVID-19 is a major threat to human beings. Clinical characterization, rapid identification of cases and isolation are vital for containments of rapidly spreading disease. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the clinico pathologic profile of Covid 19 positive Bangladeshi patients and also to see their clinical outcome within defined period. Methods: This cohort study on 201 Bangladeshi cases was done in Combined Military Hospital, a tertiary level hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh from April 2020 to May 2020. Total 201 COVID-19 cases were enrolled after getting the result positive for RT-PCR. After collection, data were analysed to show the characteristics of Covid 19 and their outcome after treatment. Results: Among 201 cases, 180 (90%) were male and 21 (10%) were female. The most prevalent affected age groups were 71 (35.5%) patients in 26-35 years age, 54 (27%) in 16- 25 years, 49 (24.5%) in 35-45 years. Mean age is 32.2±2. Among the total cases, 146 (73%) have positive history of contact, 37 (18.5%) have no history of any contact, 8 (4%) denied any contact with COVID-19 patients. Regarding clinical presentations, 67 (33.5%) patients presented with only one symptoms, 125 (62.5%) had multiple symptoms and 9 (4.5%) cases were asymptomatic. 154 (77%) patients presented with fever. Other presentations were cough 71 (35.5%), headache 27 (13.5%), myalgia 25 (12.5%), sore throat 25 (12.5%), malaise 15 (7.5%), respiratory distress 11 (5.5%). Respiratory system was the dominant domain of clinical presentation. Leukopenia was presented by 12 patients and 12 had lymphopenia. 18 patients had mild thrombocytopenia. Pulse oxymetry showed oxygen saturation below 88% in 12 cases. After oxygen therapy 7 cases were improved and 5 cases were shifted to Corona ICU as their saturation fell below 70. These 5 patients are categorised as severe disease, rest 196 patients were mild in nature. Conclusion: COVID 19 affects male more than female. Common symptoms are fever, cough, headache, myalgia, sore throat, malaise, respiratory distress. Respiratory system is the dominant domain of clinical presentation. ICU support was needed in 2.5 % cases and death rate was 1% which was associated with comorbidity of CKD. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(0): 37-42

The impact of employer-delayed deposits on plan participant wealth

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1171-1179
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Scott Jones
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Defined Contribution ◽  
Regulatory Oversight ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Defined Contribution Plans ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Defined Contribution Plan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Primary Contribution

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of employer-delayed deposits to defined contribution plans on plan participant wealth. The history of regulatory oversight on the obligations of employers to remit deposits to defined contribution plans on behalf of employees is discussed. In light of these regulations, the paper discusses and examines situations in which employers may legally delay the deposit of employee contributions to a defined contribution plan and how the existence of various calendar anomalies may impact the returns of plan participants. Design/methodology/approach Simulated equity portfolios over the period 1985-2014 are created to determine the economic significance of possible delays in plan deposits on the accumulated wealth of plan participants. Findings The findings suggest that in situations where employees are paid monthly at the end of the month, it is always to their benefit to have their funds deposited as soon as possible. However, for employees paid weekly at the end of the week, a slight delay (one to three days) in the deposit of funds by the employer may actually be beneficial for the employee, particularly if the employee invests heavily in small and mid-cap stocks. Originality/value This is the first paper to explicitly study the impact of an employer’s timing of deposits to a defined contribution plan on the accumulated wealth of plan participants, and is thus the primary contribution of the paper.

scholarly journals Universal testing for COVID-19 in patients undergoing cancer treatment during the second outbreak in Brescia

2021 ◽  
pp. 030089162110349
Author(s):  
Stefano M. Magrini ◽  
Andrea E. Guerini ◽  
Paolo Borghetti ◽  
Giulia Volpi ◽  
Luca Triggiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Antineoplastic Treatment ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Testing Schedule ◽  
The Impact

Background: The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been overwhelming on patients with cancer, who may be at higher risk of developing severe disease. During the second COVID-19 outbreak in Italy, we planned universal microbiologic screening for patients scheduled for antineoplastic treatment. Methods: All patients with planned active treatment at Brescia University Radiation Oncology Department were screened for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA with repeated nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) from October 31, 2020. Treatment continuation, suspension, or delay was modulated for patients testing positive according to clinical presentation. Results: From October 31, 2020, to February 6, 2021, 636 patients were enrolled and 1243 NPS were performed, of which 28 (2.25%) were positive. The infection rate was 2.52%; 81.3% of the patients with a positive NPS were asymptomatic, 2 had mild disease, and 1 severe disease that led to death. All patients already on treatment with mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 carried on the therapy with no or minimal delay. Median delay for patients with infection detected before treatment start was 16.5 days. Conclusions: Detected incidence of COVID-19 was lower during the second outbreak in our patients (2.52% vs 3.23%), despite the extensive testing schedule, and substantiates the high rate of asymptomatic infections and the low mortality among patients with COVID-19 (6.3% vs 38.5% during the first outbreak). Universal SARS-CoV-2 screening for all patients with planned treatment might allow early identification of patients with COVID-19, resulting in timely management that could improve clinical outcomes and prevent spread of the infection.

Communism in the Islamic World

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Liberation ◽  
Capitalist Development ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

This essay explores some of the common patterns in the history of communism in Muslim-majority societies. The most important of these had little to with Islam. Rather, they reflected the impact of European imperialism and nationalist resistance, the uneven tempo of integration into the global economy, the timing of the anti-colonial revolutions and the location of the post-colonial regimes in the great games of geopolitics. However, the other side of this narrative is the interwoven story of the decline of communist movements in most Muslim-majority societies and the rise of their Islamist competitors. It is argued that this trajectory is best explained not by recourse to essentialist explanations about the appeal of Islamist politics to Muslim believers, but by the failures of the post-colonial states on which the communists had pinned their hopes for national liberation and non-capitalist development.

Implementing CLIL techniques to History Classes: Action Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-154
Author(s):  
Rena Alasgarova
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
Learning Content ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Given ◽  
History Classes

The given action research is aimed at investigating the impact the implementation of CLIL techniques may have on understanding and comprehension of the content in the teaching/learning environment where English is used as a medium of education. The research was conducted in Cambridge department of one of the private schools in Baku, Azerbaijan with two groups of 11-12-year-old learners. CLIL methodology was utilized in History of Azerbaijan classes to check whether the approach can facilitate the understanding of the content matter for the students who are proficient English users. The distinctive feature of this action research is that it allows for viewing CLIL approach from a perspective opposite to the common perspective where the focus is shifted from learning the language through content to learning content through CLIL tools and techniques.

Attractive lives on attractive pages. Polish illustrated biographical books for young readers

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
Anita Wincencjusz-Patyna
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Expressive Power ◽  
Graphic Art ◽  
Young Readers ◽  
Reading Matter ◽  
Original Illustrations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

This paper focuses on an exceptionally interesting kind of books dedicated to young readers, quite popular recently in Poland, namely picture biography books for children and teenagers. Polish publishing houses, especially Muchomor from Warsaw, for the last few years have been coming up with a number of intriguing titles, both in the matter of words, and also in their graphic contents, especially the series “Gdansk Trilogy”. Brave ideas, young talents, novel artistic solutions, and original illustrations make the lives of famous people, not so very well-known figures and some unknown names – from both far and near, homeland and neighbourhood history – attractive reading matter. The author also looks back at the history of Polish illustrations included in biographies published in the second half of the 20th century. By combining the traditions of Polish applied graphic art with its up-to-date condition the author wants to trace the impact of the old and the novelty of contemporary books. She wants to stress the expressive power of an image turning illustrations into independent works of art. The number of illustrations and the graphic concept of an up-to-date language of visual forms make them genuine picture stories (especially in the designs by Ignerska). By means of comparative analyses of form and style, as well as a theory of image, she is going to focus on features of the visual side of the aforementioned books. The author would also like to stress the change in the way of perceiving the common history of places with such a complicated history as Gdańsk itself (in which Elisabeth and Johannes Hevelius, Fahrenheit, Schopenhauer, despite their German roots, are treated as part of the common heritage).

scholarly journals Clinical Presentation and Outcome of COVID-19 Infected Cancer Patients: A Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
Shaila Rahman ◽  
Tamanna Bahar ◽  
Amit Wazib ◽  
Zulfia Zinat Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Murad Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Illness ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Primary Malignancy ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Active Cancer

Background: Patients with active cancer are considered to be a high-risk group during the COVID- 19 pandemic. Reports of studies on the impact of COVID-19 infection on cancer patients in Bangladesh are sparse. This study was conducted to describe the clinical presentation and assess the outcome of COVID-19 infected cancer patients. Methods: In this prospective study, we enrolled 43 patients with active cancer from different cancer hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh who were tested positive for RTPCR of COVID-19. The study period was from August to October 2020 (three months) following ethical approval and informed written consent was ensured. The data were collected in a structured questionnaire form by interviewing the patients/relatives and from medical records of inpatient and outpatient departments and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Results: The mean age of the 43 study participants was 49.2 (±13.6) years with a male predominance (60.5%). The common primary malignancies were leukaemia (27.9%), carcinoma of the colon (18.6%), and carcinoma of the breast (14%). Diabetes (30.2%) and hypertension (27.9%) were the common co-morbidities. The most frequently found symptoms were fever and cough 67.4% each. Severe and critical illness were found in 27.9% and 2.3% cases respectively. 35 (81%) patients survived from COVID-19 and death was observed in 8 (19%) patients.There was no significant association of age, gender, primary malignancy type, and major co-morbidities with the outcome. Severe and critical illness were found to be significantly associated with higher mortality. Conclusions: COVID-19 related mortality is higher in cancer patients than in the general population. Mortality depends on the severity of COVID-19 in these patients, associated with severe & critical cases. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2021; 32(2) : 90-94

scholarly journals On the impact of publicly available news and information transfer to financial markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 202321
Author(s):  
Metod Jazbec ◽  
Barna Pàsztor ◽  
Felix Faltings ◽  
Nino Antulov-Fantulin ◽  
Petter N. Kolm
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

We quantify the propagation and absorption of large-scale publicly available news articles from the World Wide Web to financial markets. To extract publicly available information, we use the news archives from the Common Crawl, a non-profit organization that crawls a large part of the web. We develop a processing pipeline to identify news articles associated with the constituent companies in the S&P 500 index, an equity market index that measures the stock performance of US companies. Using machine learning techniques, we extract sentiment scores from the Common Crawl News data and employ tools from information theory to quantify the information transfer from public news articles to the US stock market. Furthermore, we analyse and quantify the economic significance of the news-based information with a simple sentiment-based portfolio trading strategy. Our findings provide support for that information in publicly available news on the World Wide Web has a statistically and economically significant impact on events in financial markets.

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