scholarly journals Moving The Masses: Emotion Work In The Chinese Revolution

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Perry
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Emotion Work ◽  
Mass Mobilization ◽  
Chinese Revolution ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Communist Revolution ◽  
Emotional Dimensions ◽  
The Masses

Previous explanations of the Chinese Communist revolution have highlighted (variously) the role of ideology, organization, and/or social structure. While acknowledging the importance of all these factors, this article draws attention to a largely neglected feature of the revolutionary process: the mass mobilization of emotions. Building upon pre-existing traditions of popular protest and political culture, the Communists systematized "emotion work" as part of a conscious strategy of psychological engineering. Attention to the emotional dimensions of mass mobilization was a key ingredient in the Communists' revolutionary victory, distinguishing their approach from that of their Guomindang rivals. Moreover, patterns of emotion work developed during the wartime years lived on in the People's Republic of China, shaping a succession of state-sponsored mass campaigns under Mao. Even in post-Mao China, this legacy continues to exert a powerful influence over the attitudes and actions of state authorities and ordinary citizens alike.

scholarly journals PERJUANGAN RAKYAT SUKABUMI MELAWAN SEKUTU PADA MASA REVOLUSI 1945 – 1946

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Sulasman Sulasman
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Military Strategy ◽  
Mass Mobilization ◽  
School Students ◽  
Islamic School ◽  
The Masses ◽  
The Revolution

AbstrakTulisan ini menggambarkan perjuangan rakyat Sukabumi dalam melawan Sekutu pada masa revolusi. Untuk merekontruksi itu digunakan Metode Sejarah  yang terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan  bahwa Revolusi Sukabumi sangat erat kaitannya dengan peran para kiai, ulama, dan pemimpin pesantren. Mereka mempunyai pengaruh yang sangat besar dalam membangkitkan  semangat dan emosimassa. Keberhasilan tersebut didapatkan melalui komunikasi  keagamaan. Mereka menggunakan konsep jihad fisabilillah. Mobilisasimassayang dilakukan oleh para pemimpin pesantren dipadukan dengan taktik dan strategi militer dari tentara Resimen TKR Sukabumi  melahirkan  kekuatan revolusi yang luar biasa sehingga dapat memporakporandakan kekuatan Sekutu.  Puncak dari revolusi di Sukabumi adalah perang melawan Sekutu sepanjang jalan Cigombong-Ciranjang yang kemudian diikuti oleh peristiwa pertempuran Bojongkokosan yang menyebabkan dibombardirnya Cibadak oleh Angkatan Udara Sekutu, Perang Gekbrong dan Serangan Umum  yang melibatkan tentara, ulama, organisasi massa dan santri. Peristiwa  Pertempuran di Sukabumi memberikan gambaran mengenai   strategi perjuangan kaum republik dalam menghadapi Sekutu  yaitu diplomasi dan bertempur dalam revolusi diIndonesia. AbstractSukabumi Revolution was closely associated with the role of the kyai (Islamic scholars), ulama (Islamic clerics), and leaders of pesantren (Islamic boarding schools). They had a great influence in awakening the spirit and emotions of the masses. Success was obtained through religious communications. They practised the concept of jihad fisabilillah (being at war, in a very broad sense, in the name of Allah). Mass mobilization by pesantren leaders combined with tactics and military strategy of the army regiment of TKR Sukabumi spawned tremendous revolutionary power that has devastated Allied forces. The highlight of the revolution in Sukabumi was the battle  against the Allies all the way Cigombong-Ciranjang followed by the battle of Bojongkokosan which led to bombardment of Cibadak by Allied Air Forces, the battle of Gekbrong and Serangan Umum (massive attack) involving soldiers, scholars, organizations and santri (Islamic school students). The battle in Sukabumi described an overview of the republican’s strategy in facing the Allied forces: diplomacy and fought in the revolution.

An Assessment of Peruvian Problems and Progress

1964 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Ronald H. Chilcote
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Racial Diversity ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alliance For Progress ◽  
Revolutionary Situation ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
The Masses

Today, Peru faces three essential problems: 1) the lack of geographical integration; 2) racial diversity and the failure of restratification among the social classes; and finally, 3) the rising tension generated by population growth and shifts. Within the context of these three problems may be evaluated the role of two “designs” for action — first, the Alliance for Progress and, second, the program of Peru's new government, which, while cooperating with the Alliance's program, is striving for independent, nationalistic action and finds itself confronting an exploding, revolutionary situation created by the masses of Indians unassimilated into the political culture.

scholarly journals THE PATHOLOGY OF TRIBAL NATIONALISM ACCORDING TO HANNAH ARENDT: UNCOVERING RELIGIOUS POPULISM MECHANISMS WHICH JEOPARDIZE CULTURAL DIVERSITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Johannes Haryatmoko
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Hannah Arendt ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Mass Mobilization ◽  
Religious Identities ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
Unity In Diversity

The sustained rise of religious populism across the globe has influenced Indonesian political situation. In Indonesia, the last ten years have witnessed the increasingly widespread emergence of religious populism. Populists express strong moral judgments in decrying corruption, moral decadence and corrupted elite in power. They define society in Manichean terms as divided into a good ‘us’ and an evil ‘them’. In defining both of these categories, they put forward the important role of religious identities in order to classify who fits into the category of ‘us’ and who belongs to ‘them’. Hannah Arendt offers sharp analyses allowing to uncover religious populism mechanism. Her main analysis was based on the pathology of tribal nationalism. The result of her analysis helps us to  explore the similarities of tribal nationalism pathology and religious populism phenomena. The use of comparative and critical approaches helps to conclude that the pathology of tribal nationalism gives lessons on how such a movement cannot accept differences and tends to be totalitarian. Such a comparison opens new perspectives on helping to examine the phenomena of propaganda, slandering, intimidation, mass mobilization, persecution, violence, and formations of paramilitary forces as  instruments for totalitary movements used by religious populism. Such phenomena are loaded with manipulations and lies which have fragmented social groups and weakened political culture so that ideological consensus is impossible. Ordinary citizens, even the intellectual, are not able to oppose well-organized lies and manipulations. The danger is that such religious populism maneuvres risk jeopardizing the foundation of the Indonesian nation, which is formulated under the motto “unity in diversity”.

Globalization, Citizenship, and Subjectivity in Self Construction

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Namita Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Field ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Fields ◽  
Research Questions

One of the profound questions that troubled many philosophers is– “Who am I?” where do I come from? ‘Why am I, where I am? Or “How I see myself?” and maybe more technically -What is my subjectivity? How my subjectivity is formed and transformed? My attempt, in this paper, is to look at “I”, and see how it got shaped. To understand self, this paper tries to show, how subjectivity got transformed or persisted over five generations with changing social structure and institutions. In other words, I am trying to explore self-identity. I have analyzed changing subjectivity patterns of family, and its connection with globalization. Moreover, the research tries to show the role of the Meta field in search of subjectivity based on the following research questions; how my ancestor’s subjectivity changed with social fields? Which power forced them to change their citizenship? And how my identity is shaped within the metafield? The methodology of my study is qualitative. Faced to face interview is taken with the oldest member of family and relatives. The finding of my research is the subjectivity of Namita Poudel (Me) is shaped by the meta field, my position, and practices in the social field.

Governance in Online Stolen Data Markets

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meltem Odaba¸ ◽  
Thomas J. Holt ◽  
Ronald L. Breiger
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Economic Organization ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Underground Economies ◽  
Two Sided Markets

We analyze the governance structure of online stolen data markets. As cybercriminal underground economies, stolen data markets are beyond the reach of state intervention, and yet they need form and regulation in order to function. While the illicit nature of the business brings risks to its participants, the online characteristics of these markets enable the participants to communicate easily, which is a crucial means of generating trust. We first identify stolen data markets in terms of their economic organization as two-sided markets, economic platforms with two distinct user groups that provide each other with network synergies. This characterization enables us to understand the role of the forum administrator as that of an intermediary, market creator, and market regulator. Then we clarify the role of communication networks and social structure in creating trust among buyers and sellers.

A Culture in Crisis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Fischer-Lichte
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Body Ideal ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
New Devices

Chapter 4 investigates the role of the new image of Greece in the first decades of the twentieth century. ‘A Culture in Crisis: Max Reinhardt’s Productions of Greek Tragedies (1903–1919)’ addresses two problems: first, the new body ideal and its liberation from the restraints imposed on it until then, and, second, the division within society of those who made a cult of their individuality and the rapidly growing masses of the proletariat. While in Reinhardt’s Electra (1903) Gertrud Eysoldt displayed her body as that of a maenad or a hysteric, a number of new devices were developed in Oedipus the King (1910) and the Oresteia (1911), both performed in a circus, which temporarily transformed the masses of actors and spectators into a—theatrical—community. The chapter also discusses Leopold Jessner’s production of Oedipus (1929) as a quest for a ‘philosophical theatre’ (Brecht).

scholarly journals Seeing Children in Prehistory: A View from Bronze Age Ireland

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Mark Haughton
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
The Past ◽  
Written Sources

Despite growing strength in recent decades, an archaeology of childhood has often been overlooked by those studying prehistory. This is concerning because communities are enlivened by their children, and conversations with and about children often provide a critical arena for the discussion of aspects of societies which prehistorians are comfortable addressing, such as social structure, identity and personhood. Through an exploration of childhood as expressed in the Earlier Bronze Age burials from Ireland, this article demonstrates that neither written sources, artistic depictions nor toys are necessary to speak of children in the past. Indeed, an approach which tacks between scales reveals subtle trends in the treatment of children which speak to wider shared concerns and allows a reflection on the role of children in prehistory.

The Alt-Right’s continuation of the ‘cultural war’ in Euro-American societies

Thesis Eleven ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 072551362110059
Author(s):  
Tamir Bar-On
Keyword(s):  
Carl Schmitt ◽  
New Right ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Antonio Gramsci ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Hearts And Minds

In this paper, I argue that the Alt-Right needs to be taken seriously by the liberal establishment, the general public, and leftist cultural elites for five main reasons: 1) its ‘right-wing Gramscianism’ borrows from the French New Right ( Nouvelle Droite – ND) and the French and pan-European Identitarian movement. This means that it is engaged in the continuation of a larger Euro-American metapolitical struggle to change hearts and minds on issues related to white nationalism, anti-Semitism, and racialism; 2) it is indebted to the metapolitical evolution of sectors of the violent neo-Nazi and earlier white nationalist movements in the USA; 3) this metapolitical orientation uses the mass media, the internet, and social media in general to reach and influence the masses of Americans; 4) the ‘cultural war’ means that the Alt-Right’s spokesman Richard Spencer, French ND leader Alain de Benoist, and other intellectuals see themselves as a type of Leninist vanguard on the radical right, which borrows from left-wing authors such as Antonio Gramsci and their positions in order to win the metapolitical struggle against ‘dominant’ liberal and left-wing political and cultural elites; and 5) this ‘cultural war’ is intellectually and philosophically sophisticated because it understands the crucial role of culture in destabilizing liberal society and makes use of important philosophers such as Friedrich Nietzsche, Carl Schmitt, Julius Evola and others in order to give credence to its revolutionary, racialist, and anti-liberal ideals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document