scholarly journals Photogallery. Sarcoidosis (part 1)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-206
Author(s):  
Elena S. Snarskaya ◽  
Natalia P. Teplyuk
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Feature ◽  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Caseous Necrosis

Sarcoidosis (synonym: BenierBeckSchaumann disease, benign granulomatosis, chronic epithelioid cell reticuldoendotheliosis) ― is a multisystem disease from the group of granulomatosis, of unknown etiology, the morphological feature of which is the development of epithelioid cell granulomas without caseous necrosis fibrosis in the tissues of various organs. Taking into account the variety of clinical lesions, there are three main forms: extrathoracic, intrathoracic, mixed (generalized).

scholarly journals Photogallery. Sarcoidosis (part 2)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Elena S. Snarskaya ◽  
Natalia P. Teplyuk
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Feature ◽  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Caseous Necrosis

Sarcoidosis (synonym: BenierBeckSchaumann disease, benign granulomatosis, chronic epithelioid cell reticuldoendotheliosis) ― is a multisystem disease from the group of granulomatosis, of unknown etiology, the morphological feature of which is the development of epithelioid cell granulomas without caseous necrosis fibrosis in the tissues of various organs. Taking into account the variety of clinical lesions, there are three main forms: extrathoracic, intrathoracic, mixed (generalized). We are publishing the second part of our photo gallery.

scholarly journals Clinical observation of generalized sarcoidosis with damage of bones

Pharmacia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-197
Author(s):  
Nataliia Chaplynska ◽  
Viktoriia Rudnyk ◽  
Liubov Skrypnyk ◽  
Nataliia Matkovska
Keyword(s):  
Bone Lesion ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Joint System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Caseous Necrosis ◽  
Dynamic Observation ◽  
Positive Effect

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease of unknown etiology, at the basis of which there is an inflammatory granulation epithelioid process without a pronounced exudative reaction and without caseous necrosis. This disease has various manifestations. The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical case of generalized sarcoidosis with bone lesion in a patient M., born in 1987. There were performed X-ray examinations, computed tomography (CT), fibrobronchoscopy, determination of calcium levels, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), soluble IL-2 receptor in the blood. Dynamic observation was performed for 10 months. The patient started methylprednisolone therapy at a dose of 20 mg/day. Significant positive effect of this treatment was noted. Thus, when patients complain of the bone and joint system problems, examination plan should include radiological examination of thoracic organs, which will allow us to avoid late diagnosis of sarcoidosis or other multisystem diseases that may have similar clinical manifestations.

scholarly journals Spontaneous dissolution of a cyst located within the septum pellucidum in a patient with sarcoidosis: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 205846012098551
Author(s):  
Martina Kastrup Loft ◽  
Søren Rafael Rafaelsen ◽  
Malene Roland V Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Septum Pellucidum ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Meningeal Enhancement ◽  
Cerebral Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cavum Septum Pellucidum ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous multisystem disease of unknown etiology. Typically, the disease affects the lungs, causing enlargement of the mediastinal lymph nodes, but other organs can be affected. Neurosarcoidosis is reported in 5–10% of the patients. This case represents a 39-year-old male patient diagnosed with lung sarcoidosis. Due to neurological symptoms, a contrast-enhanced cerebral magnetic resonance imaging was performed. Neurosarcoidosis was presented with meningeal enhancement adjacent to a cyst located within the cavum septum pellucidum. The cyst dissolved spontaneously within six months. The finding of a cyst located within the septum pellucidum is rare.

Potential use of biomarkers for the clinical evaluation of sarcoidosis

2021 ◽  
pp. jim-2020-001659
Author(s):  
Amir Mousapasandi ◽  
Cristan Herbert ◽  
Paul Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Chronic Antigenic Stimulation ◽  
Host Genetic ◽  
Potential Use

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology and pathogenesis with a heterogeneous clinical presentation. In the appropriate clinical and radiological context and with the exclusion of other diagnoses, the disease is characterized by the pathological presence of non-caseating epithelioid cell granulomas. Sarcoidosis is postulated to be a multifactorial disease caused by chronic antigenic stimulation. The immunopathogenesis of sarcoidosis encompasses a complex interaction between the host, genetic factors and postulated environmental and infectious triggers, which result in granuloma development.The exact pathogenesis of the disease has yet to be elucidated, but some of the inflammatory pathways that play a key role in disease progression and outcomes are becoming apparent, and these may form the logical basis for selecting potential biomarkers.Biomarkers are biological molecules that are altered pathologically. To date, there exists no single reliable biomarker for the evaluation of sarcoidosis, either diagnostically or prognostically but new candidates are emerging. A diagnosis of sarcoidosis ideally requires a biopsy confirming non-caseating granulomas, but the likelihood of progression that requires intervention remains unpredictable. These challenging aspects could be potentially resolved by incorporating biomarkers into clinical practice for both diagnosis and monitoring disease activity.This review outlines the current knowledge on sarcoidosis with an emphasis on pulmonary sarcoidosis, and delineates the understanding surrounding the implication of biomarkers for the clinical evaluation of sarcoidosis.

TO STUDY THE CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF TUBERCULAR LYMPHADENOPATHY AND ITS HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Rashmi Sharma ◽  
Poonum Gogania ◽  
Geeta Pachori ◽  
Akhilesh Bharadwaj
Keyword(s):  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Tuberculous Lymphadenitis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Caseous Necrosis ◽  
Histopathological Correlation ◽  
Histopathological Evaluation ◽  
Special Stain ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Tubercular Lymphadenitis

INTRODUCTION: Tubercular lymphadenopathy is one of the common clinical problems. Practically diagnosis of tuberculosis sometimes creates a challenge to the pathologist and clinician. A combined approach of cytology with aid of special stain and histopathological evaluation helps to conrm the diagnosis. AIM -The present study was carried out to evaluate the different cytological patterns of tuberculous lymphadenitis along with utility of special stain like Acid fast stain and further histopathological evaluation. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Smears from 833 cytologically diagnosed cases of tubercular lymphadenitis were prepared and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Giemsa and Acid-fast stain. All the smears were categorized into four cytomorphological patterns and correlated with 250 histopathologically available cases. RESULT: Tuberculosis is the major cause of lymphadenopathy. Majority of cases (63 %) were in their second to third decades of life, with male to female ratio of 1:1.4. Cervical region was the most common site of involvement (83.5 %). Smear revealed epithelioid granulomas with caseous necrosis in maximum cases (46.9 %). AFB positivity was seen highest in smear revealing necrosis only with or without epithelioid cell (93,8 %). histopathological correlation was seen in 248 cases out of 250 available cases. CONCLUSION: FNAC has been proved very safe, highly sensitive, and rst line investigation in diagnosing tubercular lymphadenitis. The approach to tubercular lymphadenitis attains completeness with cytopathological, Acid Fast stain and histopathological evaluation.

scholarly journals CD39+ EXPRESSION BY REGULATORY T CELLS IN PULMONARY SARCOIDOSIS AND LOFGREN’S SYNDROME

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-478
Author(s):  
I. V. Kudryavtsev ◽  
N. M. Lazareva ◽  
O. P. Baranova ◽  
A. S. Golovkin ◽  
D. V. Isakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis ◽  
Peripheral Blood Cell ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Löfgren’S Syndrome ◽  
Acute Form

Sarcoidosis is a disorder of unknown etiology characterized by development of necrosis-free epithelioid cell granulomas in various tissues. There are two main phenotypes of pulmonary sarcoidosis (PS): Lofgren’s syndrome (LS) is an acute form with favorable outcome, while non-Lofgren’s syndrome (nLS) is a chronic type of disease that can lead to pulmonary fibrosis in 20% of cases.Our study was aimed at investigating changes in the main cell-surface differentiation antigens on peripheral blood regulatory T cells (Tregs) from the patients with first diagnosed PS without treatment (LS, n = 11) and nLS (n = 46) compared to healthy volunteers (HC, n = 26).These indexes might be used as immunological markers for predicting severity of this disorder. Flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood cell samples demonstrated that the nLS patients had decreased relative numbers of CD3+ cells vs healthy controls, as well as diminished CD3+CD4+ cells vs HC and LS patients. Furthermore, the relative and absolute Treg numbers were also decreased in nLS group vs HC (2.83% (2.47; 3.36) vs 3.33% (2.79; 3.84), p = 0.021), and 37 (29; 52) cells vs 50 (42; 65), p = 0.004, respectively) per one microliter of peripheral blood. Relative number of CD39-positive Тregs in chronic vs acute sarcoidosis patients was associated with 51.02% (38.20; 61.62) vs 48.64% (41.46; 63.72) that was significantly (p < 0.001 and p = 0.007, respectively) higher than in HC (39.52% (11.55; 46.34). We have found that “naïve” (CD45R0-CD62L+) Тregs did not significantly differ in percentage of CD39- and CD73-positive cells in all the groups tested. Moreover, CD45R0+CD62L+ Тregs in LS and nLS patients contained significantly more CD39-positive cells (69.66% (61.92; 79.34) and 67.62% (61.92; 79.34), respectively, compared to 47.55% (15.74; 65.32) in HC (p < 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). In case of CD45R0 + CD62LTregs able to exit from the circulation and migrate to the site of inflammation, an increased percentage of CD39-positive subset was noted only in patients with chronic sarcoidosis and HC (61.79% (55.12; 73.09) and 57.27% (16.03; 66.98), p = 0.006). Enhanced CD39 expression on Tregs seems to be related to chronic immune response, so that antigen elimination becomes impossible due to Treg overactivation, as shown in patients with sarcoidosis and some other chronic autoimmune and infectious disorders.

scholarly journals Evaluation of nasal mucociliary clearance in rheumatoid arthritis: a comparative analysis using saccharin test

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 5026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelja Deswal ◽  
Jyoti Yadav ◽  
Mohit Deswal ◽  
Harpreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ciliary Activity ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Organic Particles ◽  
Nasal Mucociliary Clearance

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic multisystem disease of unknown etiology characterized by persistent inflammatory synovitis, usually involving peripheral joints in a symmetric distribution. RA is a systemic disease often associated with cutaneous and organ-specific extra-articular manifestations the mucociliary clearance system protects the lower respiratory system by trapping and removing inhaled pathogenic viruses and bacteria, in addition to nontoxic and toxic particulates (e.g., pollen, ash, mineral dust, mold spores, and organic particles), from the lungs. Effective clearance requires both ciliary activity and the appropriate balance of periciliary fluid and mucus.Methods: This was a case control study conducted in the Department of Physiology, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak in 50 females of age group 30-50 years. Control group comprised of 25 healthy volunteer females while study group comprised of 25 rheumatoid arthritis female patients with disease duration of more than five years. Proven cases of RA (as per 1987 ACR criteria) were taken with disease duration of more than five years from Rheumatology clinic of Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak. Nasal mucociliary clearance time was evaluated by saccharin method.Results: The results of our study showed abnormal mucociliary clearance in rheumatoid arthritis patients.Conclusions: The study shows an abnormal mucociliary clearance in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Impairment of mucociliary clearance seems to be the result of qualitative and quantitative alterations in respiratory secretions.

scholarly journals Features of cytokine profile in patients with sarcoidosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 993-1002
Author(s):  
N. M. Lazareva ◽  
O. P. Baranova ◽  
I. V. Kudryavtsev ◽  
N. A. Arsentieva ◽  
N. E. Liubimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Cytokine Profile ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Peripheral Blood Plasma ◽  
Anti Inflammatory Cytokine

Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology with damage to the lungs and other organs characterized by development of necrosis-free epithelioid cell granulomas. Granulomatous inflammation characterized by the activation of different immune systems cells, in particular T lymphocytes, and the cytokines production. Our study was aimed at investigating the characteristics of the cytokine profile of blood plasma in patients with sarcoidosis. We studied peripheral blood plasma samples of patients with sarcoidosis (n = 52). The control blood samples were taken from healthy volunteers (n = 22). The level of 46 cytokines (pg/ml) was determined, as follows: IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL- 6, IL-7, IL-9, IL-12 (p40), IL-12 (p70), IL-13, IL-15, IL-17A, IFNα2, IFNγ, TNFα, TNFβ, IL- 1ra, IL-10, EGF, FGF-2, Flt3 Ligand, G-CSF, GM-CSF, PDGF-AA, PDGF-AB / BB, TGFα, VEGF-A, sCD40L, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7, CCL11, CCL17, CCL20, CCL22, CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL13, CX3CL1. Significantly higher levels of interleukins and some proinflammatory cytokines were found in the patients with sarcoidosis, i.e., IL-3, 0.70 vs 0.20, p = 0.003; IL-4, 14.37 vs 3.15, p = 0.009; IL-5, 1.06 vs 0.89, p < 0.001; IL-12 (p70), 1.27 vs 0.56, p = 0.028; IL-17A, 1.48 vs 0.43, p < 0.001; IFNα2, 41.79 vs 25.04, p = 0.003; IFNγ, 4.13 vs 1.14, p < 0.001; TNFα, 21.67 vs 6.70, p < 0.001; anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, 1.03 vs 0.45, p = 0.019; growth factors: FGF-2, 40.08 vs 30.58, p = 0.008, G-CSF, 24.18 vs 8.21, p = 0.006, and VEGF-A, 42.52 vs 26.76, p = 0.048; chemokines: CCL3, 3.86 vs 1.33, p < 0,001; CCL17, 78.24 vs 26.24, p < 0.001; CCL20, 7.19 vs 5.64, p = 0.021; CCL22, 660.60 vs 405.00, p < 0,001; CXCL9, 4013 vs 1142, p < 0,001; CXCL10, 565.90 vs 196.60, p < 0.001; CXCL11, 230.20 vs 121.10, p = 0.018; CX3CL1, 56.99 vs 5.16, p < 0.001. Peripheral blood chemokine CCL11 levels were significantly lower in patients compared to the group of healthy volunteers: 77.58 vs 124.70, p = 0.022. The features of the cytokine profile in patients with sarcoidosis may indicate their important role in the processes of formation and outcomes of granulomas. These issues require an additional detailed study, comparison with phenotypes, differential course and outcomes of the disease.

Sarcoidosis

Chest Imaging ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 441-446
Author(s):  
Juliana Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Asymptomatic Patient ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Epithelioid Cell ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Pathological Confirmation ◽  
Necrotizing Granulomas

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown etiology, characterized by noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas. Patients with sarcoidosis are frequently asymptomatic and may be diagnosed incidentally because of an abnormal imaging study. Sarcoidosis is a diagnosis of exclusion that warrants pathological confirmation in all cases. The distribution of granulomas in the lungs is characteristic and correlates with imaging findings; non-necrotizing granulomas classically exhibit a perilymphatic distribution. On chest radiography, the presence of bilateral hilar and right paratracheal lymphadenopathy, particularly in a young asymptomatic patient, should raise the possibility of sarcoidosis. On CT, a perilymphatic distribution (peribronchovascular, subpleural, septal) of abnormalities in the appropriate clinical context is highly specific for sarcoidosis.

scholarly journals Chronic Inflammatory Arthropathy Preceding Acute Systemic Manifestations of Sarcoidosis: A Possible Overlap of Idiopathic Juvenile Arthritis and Sarcoidosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Campello Vieira ◽  
Priscilla Gomes Tosta ◽  
Fernanda Morello Nicole ◽  
Lucas Enock V. Roberto ◽  
Júlia Guasti P. Vianna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disease ◽  
Juvenile Arthritis ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Multisystem Disease ◽  
Idiopathic Juvenile Arthritis ◽  
Diagnostic Hypothesis ◽  
Liver Surface ◽  
Systemic Manifestations ◽  
Noncaseating Granulomas

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease with unknown etiology, marked by T lymphocytes and macrophages agglomeration, which leads to the formation of noncaseating granulomas in the affected tissues. We describe a case of a 40-year-old black patient referred to our service for evaluation of nephrolithiasis and persistent elevation of plasma creatinine. He reported important weight loss, fever episodes, and abdominal and low back intermittent pain in the past 6 months. The investigation revealed elevated serum calcium level, hepatosplenomegaly, retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and nephrolithiasis. The initial diagnostic hypothesis was lymphoproliferative disease, but the laparoscopic propaedeutic showed multiple white lesions on the liver surface, which biopsy identified as noncaseating granulomas with asteroid corpuscles, suggestive of sarcoidosis. He was treated with corticosteroids with significant improvement in symptoms and in calcium and creatinine levels. Besides, the patient presented a long-term large joints arthropathy, especially on the knees (with bilateral prosthesis), wrists, and ankles, of unknown etiology. We discuss the systemic manifestations of sarcoidosis related to the reported case, as well as the possible overlapping of idiopathic juvenile arthritis with sarcoidosis.

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