scholarly journals Genetic identification of the yeast Saccharomyces kudriavzevii from European population

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Gennadiy I Naumov
Keyword(s):  
Biological Species ◽  
European Population ◽  
Hybridization Analysis ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Saccharomyces Kudriavzevii ◽  
First Time

Using genetic hybridization analysis we showed for the first time that Portuguese isolates belong to the biological species Saccharomyces kudriavzevii Naumov et al. (2000). Earlierthis species was described on Japanese isolates. Divergence of Portuguese and Japanese S. kudriavzevii populations, as well as different S. cerevisiae populations, on molecular galactose markers is discussed.

scholarly journals Genetic Relationship and Diversity in Some Ornamental Palms Based on Proteins and Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-342
Author(s):  
Antar Nasr El-Banna ◽  
Mohammed Elsayed El-Mahrouk ◽  
Mohammed Eraky El-Denary ◽  
Yaser Hassan Dewir ◽  
Yougasphree Naidoo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Electrophoretic Pattern ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Conservation Genetic ◽  
Average Similarity ◽  
Molecular Sizes ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

For the first time, genetic diversity among 14 ornamental palm accessions originating from different countries and grown in different regions in Egypt were examined. Identification of genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships in ornamental palms would be useful for its genetic identification, improvement, and conservation. Genetic polymorphism was analyzed using the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) as well as protein markers. The electrophoretic pattern of protein analysis produced 21 bands distributed in all accessions with molecular sizes ranging from 11.8 to 99.3 KDa. Some accessions possessed some bands, which were absent in other accessions and could be used for their identification. Furthermore, 10 RAPD selected primers were employed to determine genetic variation among the 14 palm genotypes as well as to test the effectiveness of RAPD primers as a genetic marker. RAPD analysis revealed a high level of polymorphism (100%) among the studied accessions. A total number of 310 amplified bands were generated across the studied genotypes with an average of 30 bands per primer. Cluster analysis using sequence alignment was done to generate a dendrogram verifying the relationship among the 14 studied ornamental palms, with an average similarity matrix range of 0.00 to 0.08 and 0.39 to 0.93 for RAPD and protein markers, respectively. It is concluded that, both SDS-protein and RAPD markers are equally important for genetic analysis and are suitable for the characterization of ornamental palm collection.

Saccharomyces paradoxus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are associated with exudates of North American oaks

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1045-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennadi I Naumov ◽  
Elena S Naumova ◽  
Paul D Sniegowski
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
North American ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Saccharomyces Paradoxus ◽  
Saccharomyces Sensu Stricto ◽  
Ty Elements ◽  
Electrophoretic Karyotyping ◽  
Retrotransposable Element ◽  
First Time

Genetic hybridization and karyotypic analyses revealed the biological species Saccharomyces paradoxus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in exudates from North American oaks for the first time. In addition, two strains collected from elm flux and from Drosophila by Phaff in 1961 and 1952 were reidentified as S. paradoxus. Each strain studied showed a unique profile of chromosomal hybridization with a probe for the retrotransposable element Ty1. The wild distribution of natural Saccharomyces sensu stricto yeasts is discussed.Key words: genetical taxonomy, Saccharomyces paradoxus, oak exudates, Ty elements, electrophoretic karyotyping.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of New Natural Hybrids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. kudriavzevii in Brewing

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 2314-2320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara S. González ◽  
Eladio Barrio ◽  
Amparo Querol
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Natural Hybrids ◽  
New Type ◽  
Saccharomyces Kudriavzevii ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
First Time ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

ABSTRACT We analyzed 24 beer strains from different origins by using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of different gene regions, and six new Saccharomyces cerevisiae × Saccharomyces kudriavzevii hybrid strains were found. This is the first time that the presence in brewing of this new type of hybrid has been demonstrated. From the comparative molecular analysis of these natural hybrids with respect to those described in wines, it can be concluded that these originated from at least two hybridization events and that some brewing hybrids share a common origin with wine hybrids. Finally, a reduction of the S. kudriavzevii fraction of the hybrid genomes was observed, but this reduction was found to vary among hybrids regardless of the source of isolation. The fact that 25% of the strains analyzed were discovered to be S. cerevisiae × S. kudriavzevii hybrids suggests that an important fraction of brewing strains classified as S. cerevisiae may correspond to hybrids, contributing to the complexity of Saccharomyces diversity in brewing environments. The present study raises new questions about the prevalence of these new hybrids in brewing as well as their contribution to the properties of the final product.

scholarly journals SSR and SNP genetic profiling of Armenian grape cultivars gives insights into their identity and pedigree relationships

OENO One ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-114
Author(s):  
Anna Nebish ◽  
Javier Tello ◽  
Yolanda Ferradás ◽  
Rouben Aroutiounian ◽  
José Miguel Martínez-Zapater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
Genetic Profiling ◽  
Genetic Pool ◽  
First Time ◽  
International Academy

The South Caucasus is recognised as the primary Vitis vinifera L. (grapevine) domestication centre and has a high diversity of wild and cultivated grapevines. Archaeological findings indicate that winemaking activities have existed in Armenia for more than 6,000 years, viticulture being one of the most important activities of the modern Armenian agricultural sector. Despite this relevance, some grapevines in local collections have not yet been properly identified, thus hindering the efficient conservation, characterisation and eventual use of autochthonous genetic resources. In the present study, a combined SNP and SSR profiling strategy was used for the genetic identification of a series of grapevine accessions from the Grape Collection of the International Academy of Viticulture and Winemaking in Nalbandyan, presumed to be autochthonous Armenian varieties. The results provided useful information for the correct identification of these genetic resources, revealing multiple cases of synonyms, homonyms and misnames. The genetic data made it possible to confirm the pedigree proposed for some of the cultivars identified in this study and to clarify the origin of others. In addition, we propose, for the first time, a series of new trios and duos involving autochthonous Armenian grapevines. The singularity of this genetic pool compared to other Western and Central European varieties, as well as the potential novel sources of variability in traits of interest (e.g., seedlessness) that were found, highlight the importance of improving knowledge of the Armenian grapevine genetic pool.

scholarly journals ALLО- AND SYMPATRIC SIBLING SPECIES OF SACCHARОMYСES CEREVISIAE: DNA-DNA REASSOCIATION

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliya V Mikhailova ◽  
Sofia Castello ◽  
Elena S Naumova ◽  
Gennadiy I Naumov
Keyword(s):  
Sibling Species ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Dna Homology ◽  
Reciprocal Translocations ◽  
Dna Reassociation ◽  
First Time

Precise DNA-DNA reassociation data were obtained for new biological species S. cariocanus, S. kudriavzevii and S. mikatae, for the first time. The three species showed 25-51 % - of DNA-DNA reassociation with one another and with the known species S. cerevisiae, S. bayanus and S. paradoxus.Only in the combination S. paradoxus × S. cariocanus there was 99 % DNA-DNA homology. Despite high DNA-DNA reassociation value, the two yeasts are genetically isolated: their hybrids are sterile forming non-viable meiotic products (ascospores). Having four reciprocal translocations in its karyotype, S. cariocanus represents species in statu nascendi.

scholarly journals Heterologous Expression of Mutated Eburicol 14α-Demethylase (CYP51) Proteins of Mycosphaerella graminicola To Assess Effects on Azole Fungicide Sensitivity and Intrinsic Protein Function

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 2866-2872 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Cools ◽  
J. E. Parker ◽  
D. E. Kelly ◽  
J. A. Lucas ◽  
B. A. Fraaije ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Function ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Mycosphaerella Graminicola ◽  
European Population ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Intrinsic Protein ◽  
Western European ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT The recent decrease in the sensitivity of the Western European population of the wheat pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola to azole fungicides has been associated with the emergence and subsequent spread of mutations in the CYP51 gene, encoding the azole target sterol 14α-demethylase. In this study, we have expressed wild-type and mutated M. graminicola CYP51 (MgCYP51) variants in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant carrying a doxycycline-regulatable tetO7 -CYC promoter controlling native CYP51 expression. We have shown that the wild-type MgCYP51 protein complements the function of the orthologous protein in S. cerevisiae. Mutant MgCYP51 proteins containing amino acid alterations L50S, Y459D, and Y461H and the two-amino-acid deletion ΔY459/G460, commonly identified in modern M. graminicola populations, have no effect on the capacity of the M. graminicola protein to function in S. cerevisiae. We have also shown that the azole fungicide sensitivities of transformants expressing MgCYP51 variants with these alterations are substantially reduced. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that the I381V substitution, correlated with the recent decline in the effectiveness of azoles, destroys the capacity of MgCYP51 to complement the S. cerevisiae mutant when introduced alone. However, when I381V is combined with changes between residues Y459 and Y461, the function of the M. graminicola protein is partially restored. These findings demonstrate, for the first time for a plant pathogenic fungus, the impacts that naturally occurring CYP51 alterations have on both azole sensitivity and intrinsic protein function. In addition, we also provide functional evidence underlying the order in which CYP51 alterations in the Western European M. graminicola population emerged.

National estimate of multiple sclerosis incidence in France (2001–2007)

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 1108-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Fromont ◽  
C Binquet ◽  
EA Sauleau ◽  
I Fournel ◽  
R Despalins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
European Population ◽  
Geographic Variations ◽  
Notification Rate ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
National Estimates ◽  
The Alps ◽  
First Time ◽  
Care Costs

Background: In France, the incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not well known, and MS is one of the 30 long-term illnesses for which patients are covered for 100% of their health care costs. Objective: To estimate the incidence of MS in France and its geographic variations. Methods: We estimated the national rate for notification of MS to the main French health insurance system, and its confidence interval (CI), between November 2000 and October 2007, which covers 87% of the population. We analysed geographic variations using a Bayesian approach. Results: Between November 2000 and October 2007, among a covered population of 52,449,871, some 28,682 individuals were registered as having MS. After age standardization according to the European population, the notification rate for MS was 6.8 per 100,000 (6.7–6.9), 9.8 (9.7–10.0) in women and 3.7 (3.6–3.8) in men. When the under-notification rate (11.5% and 29%) was taken into account, the notification rate per 100,000 inhabitants was estimated between 7.6 and 8.8. The notification rate was higher in north-eastern France, and lower on the Atlantic coast and in the Alps as well as on both sides of the Rhône River. Conclusions: This study, conducted on a representative French population, provides for the first time national estimates of MS incidence between November 2000 and October 2007.

scholarly journals Upper and lower bounds of the first exit time of Brownian motion from The Minimum and Maximun Parabolic Domains with variable dimension to research the variation of biological species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Liu ◽  
Wenbin Che ◽  
Jingjun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Lower Bounds ◽  
Exit Time ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Integral Function ◽  
Upper And Lower Bounds ◽  
First Exit Time ◽  
Variable Dimension ◽  
First Time ◽  
Exact Constants

Abstract Consider a Brownian motion with variable dimension starting at an interior point of the minimum or maximum parabolic domains Dmax t and Dmin t in Rd(t)+2, d(t) ≥ 1 is an increasing integral function as t →∞,d(t) →∞, and let τDmax t and τDmin t denote the first time the Brownian motion exits from Dmax t and Dmin t , respectively. Upper and lower bounds with exact constants for the asymptotics of logP(τDmax t > t) and logP(τDmin t > t) are given as t → ∞, depending on the shape of the domain Dmax t and Dmin t . The methods of proof are based on Gordon’s inequality and early works of Li, Lifshits and Shi in the single general parabolic domain case.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document