scholarly journals EPIDEMIC AND EPIZOOTIC CYCLICAL EXACERBATIONS OF ANTHRAX

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Arutyunov ◽  
Yu. G. Kireev
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Disease Rate ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Maximum Phase ◽  
Minimum Solar Activity ◽  
Repetition Time ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Maximum Solar Activity

In the paper the epidemic and epizootic periods of exacerbations of anthrax outbreaks were analyzed. The repetition time of such outbreaks has been shown to be equal 9-11-years, depending on solar activity. The greatest number of permanently disadvantaged anthrax points was found to be recorded in the phase of minimum solar activity in the minimum solar activity year and the preceding two years (m, m-1, m-2), and in the maximum phase - in the maximum solar activity year and a in the second year after it (M, M +2). The greatest number of human and animal disease rate, in addition to these terms takes place also in two following years (m +1, m +2 and M +3, M +4).

scholarly journals Attenuation of Earth’s radiation belt electrons with protective shields based on composite W-Cu

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-495
Author(s):  
H. S. Yakushevich ◽  
Y. V. Bogatyrev ◽  
N. A. Vasilenkov ◽  
S. S. Grabchikov ◽  
S. B. Lastovskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Local Protection ◽  
Minimum Solar Activity ◽  
Radiation Belt Electrons ◽  
Radiation Shields ◽  
Maximum Solar Activity ◽  
Earth’S Radiation Belt

For decreasing the radiation effects of the cosmic environment on the electronic components of spacecraft, local protection shields are used. They are manufactured on the basis of materials with high density and large atomic numbers (tungsten, tantalum, the W-Cu composite etc.) and then integrated into the ceramic-and-metal package of electronic components with an insufficient level of radiation resistance. On the basis of the Monte Carlo approach we considered the methods of decreasing the level of the dose absorbed by the crystals of active elements if using the radiation shields based on the W-Cu composite in hybrid metal cases under the action of electrons of a circular orbit with an inclination angle of 30° and an altitude of 8000 km. The electron spectra at the maximum and minimum solar activity were obtained using OMERE 5.3 software. It was established that an increase in the mass thickness of the base and cover of cases with shields up to 1.67 g / cm2 makes it possible to reduce the dose load by 3.5–3.7 times at the minimum and by 3.9–4.1 times at the maximum of solar activity. The optimization of protection by lowering the upper layer of the W-Cu composite to the base to a height of 1.2 mm reduces the absorbed dose by 6.8–9.3 times at the minimum and by 7.6–10.7 times at the maximum solar activity.

Diurnal and seasonal variations of ionospheric plasma parameters at maximum solar activity period

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Lyashenko ◽  
◽  
L.F. Chernogor ◽  
Yu.V. Chernyak ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Ionospheric Plasma ◽  
Activity Period ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Solar Activity Period ◽  
Maximum Solar Activity

The Heights of Solar Radio Sources at 1424 MHz and 696 MHz

1969 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 192-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Cole ◽  
R. F. Mullaly
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Solar Disk ◽  
Previous Investigation ◽  
Solar Radio ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Grating Interferometer ◽  
Maximum Solar Activity

The heights of solar radio sources at 1424 MHz and 696 MHz have been measured during the years 1965 and 1966. Solar activity at this time was near minimum. The number of radio sources appearing on the solar disk rarely exceeded three at any time and it thus was possible to resolve the majority of these with a high resolution grating interferometer. Many of the previous height measurements at these frequencies have been made near times of maximum solar activity and the confusion of sources within the beam has limited their accuracy. The number of sources studied here is quite considerably higher than in any previous investigation at these frequencies, and the period of observation has been continuous.

scholarly journals A great space weather event in February 1730

2018 ◽  
Vol 616 ◽  
pp. A177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Hayakawa ◽  
Yusuke Ebihara ◽  
José M. Vaquero ◽  
Kentaro Hattori ◽  
Víctor M. S. Carrasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Magnetic Storm ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Magnetic Storms ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Maximum Phase ◽  
Weather Event ◽  
Space Weather Event

Aims. Historical records provide evidence of extreme magnetic storms with equatorward auroral extensions before the epoch of systematic magnetic observations. One significant magnetic storm occurred on February 15, 1730. We scale this magnetic storm with auroral extension and contextualise it based on contemporary solar activity. Methods. We examined historical records in East Asia and computed the magnetic latitude (MLAT) of observational sites to scale magnetic storms. We also compared them with auroral records in Southern Europe. We examined contemporary sunspot observations to reconstruct detailed solar activity between 1729 and 1731. Results. We show 29 auroral records in East Asian historical documents and 37 sunspot observations. Conclusions. These records show that the auroral displays were visible at least down to 25.8° MLAT throughout East Asia. In comparison with contemporary European records, we show that the boundary of the auroral display closest to the equator surpassed 45.1° MLAT and possibly came down to 31.5° MLAT in its maximum phase, with considerable brightness. Contemporary sunspot records show an active phase in the first half of 1730 during the declining phase of the solar cycle. This magnetic storm was at least as intense as the magnetic storm in 1989, but less intense than the Carrington event.

scholarly journals 27-Day Recurrence of Cosmic-Ray Intensity at the Minimum Solar Activity

1959 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Masahiro KODAMA
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Cosmic Ray Intensity ◽  
Minimum Solar Activity

Seasonal behavior of H component during solar cycle 24

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmina Bouderba ◽  
Ener Aganou ◽  
Abdenaceur Lemgharbi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Horizontal Component ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Seasonal Behavior ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Earth Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Cycle 24 ◽  
Minimum Solar Activity ◽  
Cycle 24

<p>In this work we will show the behavior of the horizontal component H of the Earth Magnetic Field (EMF) along the seasons during the period of solar cycle 24 lasting from 2009 to 2019. By means of  continuous measurements of geomagnetic components (X, Y) of the EMF, we compute the horizontal component H at the Earth’s surface. The data are recorded with a time resolution of one minute at Tamanrasset observatory in Algeria at the geographical coordinates of 22.79° North and 5.53° East. These data are available from the INTERMAGNET network. We find that the variation in amplitude of the hourly average of H component at low latitude changes from a season to another and it is greater at the maximum solar activity than at the minimum solar activity.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Solar cycle 24, Season, Horizontal component H. </p>

scholarly journals Exploring the role of ionospheric drivers during the extreme solar minimum of 2008

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2147-2156 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Klenzing ◽  
A. G. Burrell ◽  
R. A. Heelis ◽  
J. D. Huba ◽  
R. Pfaff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Solar Minimum ◽  
Wind Model ◽  
Ion Density ◽  
Density Data ◽  
Early Afternoon ◽  
Minimum Solar Activity ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Electric Field Instrument

Abstract. During the recent solar minimum, solar activity reached the lowest levels observed during the space age, resulting in a contracted atmosphere. This extremely low solar activity provides an unprecedented opportunity to understand the variability of the Earth's ambient ionosphere. The average E × B drifts measured by the Vector Electric Field Instrument (VEFI) on the Communications/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) satellite during this period are found to have several differences from the expected climatology based on previous solar minima, including downward drifts in the early afternoon and a weak to non-existent pre-reversal enhancement. Using SAMI2 (Sami2 is Another Model of the Ionosphere) as a computational engine, we investigate the effects of these electrodynamical changes as well as the contraction of the thermosphere and reduced EUV ionization on the ionosphere. The sensitivity of the simulations to wind models is also discussed. These modeled ionospheres are compared to the C/NOFS average topside ion density and composition and Formosa Satellite-3/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate average NmF2 and hmF2. In all cases, incorporating the VEFI drift data significantly improves the model results when compared to both the C/NOFS density data and the F3/C GOX data. Changing the MSIS and EUVAC models produced changes in magnitude, but not morphology with respect to local time. The choice of wind model modulates the resulting topside density and composition, but only the use of the VEFI E × B drifts produces the observed post-sunset drop in the F peak.

Space radiation impact on smallsats during maximum and minimum solar activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan W. Samwel ◽  
Esraa A. El-Aziz ◽  
Henry B. Garrett ◽  
Ahmed A. Hady ◽  
Makram Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Space Radiation ◽  
Minimum Solar Activity

scholarly journals THE POSSIBILITY OF GENERALIZED PROTEST AND SOCIAL EXPLOSION IN THE YEARS OF MAXIMUM SOLAR ACTIVITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
V. Souponitsky
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Solar Cycle ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Ecological Industry ◽  
Social Management ◽  
Program Creation ◽  
Russian Program ◽  
Maximum Solar Activity ◽  
Protest Activity

The article has been devoted to the analysis and substantiation of the possibility of using the regularities of behavior of society and its individuals during the solar cycle, discovered by A. L. Chizhevsky, in the planning and implementation of social management. It has been proposed to exclude the negative development of events in our country during the 25th solar cycle to use the potential of the protest activity of society for the creation and development of the country, deploying the all-Russian program “Creation of modern ecological industry of Russia”, which requires the mobilization of efforts of the whole country and can create up to 10 million jobs for the youth.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document