Comparison of laboratory diagnostic methods for urogenital infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
K. V. Shalepo ◽  
E. V. Shipitsina ◽  
A. M. Savicheva ◽  
M. Domeyka
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Chlamydial Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Urogenital Infections ◽  
Group I ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Polymerase Chain

According to the Russian-Swedish project there was performed a comparison of methods used for Chlamydia trachomatis detection in cervical samples, obtained from 397women and urethral samples from 253 men. All specimens were examined by direct immunofluorescence (DIF), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cell culture (CC). In high-prevalence group (group I) chlamydiae were detected in 17,8% and 28,0% of cases in men and women, respectively. Ingroup II containing patients who were subjected to screening examination, chlamydiae were found in 5% of cases both in men and women. PCR was shown to be the most sensitive when cervical samples in group I and cervical and urethral samples in group II were investigated. When urethral samples in group I were tested, DIF proved to have the highest sensitivity. All the methods used were found to be high specific. The search for standards of genital chlamydial infection diagnosis is in progress.

scholarly journals Chlamydia Trachomatis detection in different urogenital samples

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
К. V. Shalepo ◽  
E. V. Shinitsyna ◽  
A. N. Savitsheva ◽  
M. Domeika
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Immunofluorescence Test ◽  
Female Urethra ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The results of Chlamydia trachomatis detection in different urogenital samples (vagina, cervix, urethra, urine) are presented in this report. The study was carried out for the period of 1999 to 2000. A total of 397 women and 253 men were examined. Cervical, urethral and vaginal swabs from women, and urethral, first voided urine (FVU) specimens from men were tested. For diagnosis of Chlamydia, trachomatis the following methods were used: polymerase chain reaction (PCR), direct immunofluorescence test (DIF) and cell culture (CC). In male samples, more often chlamydiae were detected in the urethra (11,6%), more rarely - in the FVU (6%). When female samples were tested, more often C. trachomatis was found in the vagina (18,4%), and less often - in the cervix (14. 4) and the urethra (8. 8%). The sensitivity and specificity of the methods used to test urogenital samples were determined. The PCR sensitivity and specificity was shown to be 75 and 100% for C. trachomatis detection in the cervix, 75 and 97. 5% - in the female urethra, and 63 and 99% - in the vagina, respectively. The PCR sensitivity and specificity was found to be 78 and 100% in the male urethral specimens and 100 and 99. 6% in the FVU, respectively. The sensitivity of cell culture method used for chlamydiae detection in cervical, female and male urethral samples was low - 33. 9, 47. 1 and 50% respectively. The CC specificity was 100%.

scholarly journals Combining diagnostic procedures for the management of leishmaniasis in areas with high prevalence of Leishmania guyanensis

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1141-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ednelza de Almeida Benicio ◽  
Ellen Pricilla Nunes Gadelha ◽  
Anette Talhari ◽  
Roberto Moreira da Silva Jr ◽  
Luis Carlos Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Species Discrimination ◽  
Leishmania Braziliensis ◽  
Hsp 70 ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Leishmania Guyanensis

BACKGROUND: The Amazon region corresponds to approximately 40% of the cases of leishmaniasis in Brazil. We report a prospective study with 180 patients conducted in a health care unit that diagnoses 10% of the cases of leishmaniasis in the Brazilian Amazon. The study addresses how a combination of procedures improves diagnosis in areas with high prevalence of Leishmania guyanensis. OBJECTIVES: to evaluate diagnostic methods in areas with high prevalence of Leishmania guyanensis. METHODS: All subjects were amastigote-positive by direct microscopic examination of lesion scarifications. We conducted skin biopsy and histopathology, polymerase chain reaction and parasite cultivation. RESULTS: Polymerase chain reaction detected almost ninety percent of infections when two amplification protocols were used (mini-exon and HSP-70). HSP-70 specific polymerase chain reaction matched the sensitivity of parasite cultivation plus histopathology. CONCLUSION: The best combination was polymerase chain reaction plus histopathology, which increased diagnostic sensitivity to 94%. Species discrimination by polymerase chain reaction disclosed prevalence of human infections with Leishmania guyanensis of 94% and with Leishmania braziliensis of 6% for this region

High Prevalence Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Endocervical Samples of Infertile Women Attending University Hospital in Manaus-Amazonas, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Suely de Lima Freitas ◽  
Cristina Maria Borborema-Santos ◽  
Dária Barroso Serrão das Neves ◽  
Cintia Mara Costa de Oliveira ◽  
Júnia Raquel Dutra Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL CHANGES OF NON-GONOCOCCAL URETHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Gadoev Maruf ◽  
◽  
Bakhromuddin Saidzoda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Immunological Disorders ◽  
Gonococcal Urethritis ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Objective: To study the clinical features and the state of general immunological reactivity in non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) in men. Methods: Examined 100 men between the ages of 20 and 48 years: 75 patients of NGU (main group) and 25 healthy (control group). The average age of the patients was 26.7±1.7 years, and the male of control group was 27.9±1.7 years. Clinical, microscopic, immunological research methods were used, including direct immunofluorescence (DIF), polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Ureaplasma urealyticum was found in 37 (49.3%) patients, 33 (44%) had Chlamydia trachomatis, 23 (30.7%) had Mycoplasma genitalium, 16 (21.3%) had Trichomonas vaginalis. In 24 (32%) of NGU patients had a mixed infection: in 14 (18.7%) had a combination of two STIs and in 10 (13, 3%) had three infections. In 51 (68%) of patients the process passed in the form of monoinfection. Various complaints (dysuric disorders, pain, discomfort and agglutination of the labium urethra) were presented by 51 (68%) of sick patients. The excretions from the urethra were marked in 46 (61.3%) of patients, reproductive disorders are 3 times less common. Immunological disorders were manifested by a decrease in CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes, PHA, PN and IL-10, increase – IgM, IgG, CIC, TNFα, IL-1β. Conclusions: The most common cause of NGU is Ureaplasma urealyticum and Chlamydia trachomatis. In most cases NGU proceeds in the form of monoinfection. Subjective and objective symptoms occur in 64% and 59% of patients, respectively. Immunological disorders were detected in 71% of patients. Keywords: Non-gonogococcal urethritis, direct immunofluorescence, immunoenzyme method, polymerase chain reaction

scholarly journals The use of direct immunofluorescence and nested polymerase chain reaction in diagnosing perinatal infections of Chlamydia trachomatis

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1711-1716
Author(s):  
Magdalena Frej-Mądrzak ◽  
Dorota Teryks-Wołyniec ◽  
Piotr Jankowski ◽  
Paulina Krochmal ◽  
Jolanta Sarowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals THE PREVALENCE OF Chlamydia trachomatis AMONGST ASYMPTOMATIC PREGNANT WOMEN IN FOUR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF DELTA STATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
H. T. Bamikole ◽  
I. B. Idemudia ◽  
E. E. Imariagbe ◽  
F. O. Ekhaise
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis among asymptomatic pregnant women in four Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Delta State, Nigeria was investigated in this study. The four LGAs were Ethiope West, Sapele, Warri South and Warri North. A total of 200 pregnant women who visited the Primary Health Care Centres for antenatal care aged between 16 and 45 years were sampled across the four LGAs comprising 50 pregnant women from each of the LGAs between October 2017 and February 2018. The women were categorized into six age groups: 16 – 20, 21 – 25, 26 – 30, 31 – 35, 36 – 40 and 41 – 45. Collected urine samples were examined in the laboratory for the presence of C. trachomatis using sedimentation and microscopy. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to identify the DNA of the isolated bacteria specimens. Results from the four LGAs showed that 93 pregnant women (46.5%) tested positive for C. trachomatis. Prevalence was highest in the subjects from Warri North LGA (27/93) (29.03%), while the least prevalent was the subjects from Warri South (19/93) (20.04%). Women aged 26 – 30 had the highest prevalence (38/93) (40.86%), while prevalence was least in women aged 41 – 45 (3/93) (3.23%). There was no significant difference in number of infected pregnant women in the four Local Government Areas (p>0.05). Findings from this study are important, considering the growing concern of cases of infertility and death of newborn. Thus, there is a need for sexually active men and women to embark on routine check up to ascertain their health status.

Cost-Effectiveness of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Screening with Epstein-Barr Virus Polymerase Chain Reaction or Serology in High-Incidence Populations Worldwide

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob A Miller ◽  
Quynh-Thu Le ◽  
Benjamin A Pinsky ◽  
Hannah Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Screening Strategies ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract Background The incidence of endemic Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) varies considerably worldwide. In high-incidence regions, screening trials have been conducted. We estimated the mortality reduction and cost-effectiveness of EBV-based NPC screening in populations worldwide. Methods We identified 380 populations in 132 countries with incident NPC and developed a decision-analytic model to compare ten unique onetime screening strategies to no screening for men and women at age 50 years. Screening performance and the stage distribution of undiagnosed NPC were derived from a systematic review of prospective screening trials. Results Screening was cost-effective in up to 14.5% of populations, depending on the screening strategy. These populations were limited to East Asia, Southeast Asia, North Africa, or were Asian, Pacific Islander, or Inuit populations in North America. A combination of serology and nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was most cost-effective, but other combinations of serologic and/or plasma PCR screening were also cost-effective. The estimated reduction in NPC mortality was similar across screening strategies. For a hypothetical cohort of patients in China, 10-year survival improved from 71.0% (95%CI = 68.8%–73.0%) without screening to a median of 86.3% (range = 83.5%–88.2%) with screening. This corresponded to a median 10-year reduction in NPC mortality of 52.9% (range= 43.1%–59.3%). Screening interval impacted absolute mortality reduction and cost-effectiveness. Conclusions We observed decreased NPC mortality with EBV-based screening. Screening was cost-effective in many high-incidence populations and could be extended to men and women as early as age 40 years in select regions. These findings may be useful when choosing among local public health initiatives.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Clinical performance of the Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 combined in an algorithm with two specific anti-IgG immunoassays for the evaluation of the serological response of patients with COVID-19 in a population with a high prevalence of infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 000456322110380
Author(s):  
Xavier Gabaldó-Barrios ◽  
Simona Iftimie ◽  
Anna Hernández-Aguilera ◽  
Isabel Pujol ◽  
Frederic Ballester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Test ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Automated Assay ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies have been used in the study of the immune response in infected patients. However, differences in sensitivity and specificity have been reported, depending on the method of analysis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of an algorithm in which a high-throughput automated assay for total antibodies was used for screening and two semi-automated IgG-specific methods were used to confirm the results, and also to correlate the analytical results with the clinical data and the time elapsed since infection. Methods: We studied 306 patients, some hospitalized and some outpatients, belonging to a population with a high prevalence of COVID-19. One-hundred and ten patients were classified as SARS-CoV-2 negative and 196 as positive by polymerase chain reaction. Results: The algorithm and automated assay alone had a specificity and a positive predictive value of 100%, although the sensitivity and negative predictive value of the algorithm was higher. Both methods showed a good sensitivity from day 11 of the onset of symptoms in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. The absorbance of the total antibodies was significantly higher in severely symptomatic than in asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients, which suggests the antibody level was higher. We found 15 patients that did not present seroconversion at 12 days from the onset of symptoms or the first polymerase chain reaction test. Conclusion: This study highlights the proper functioning of algorithms in the diagnosis of the immune response to COVID-19, which can help to define testing strategies against this disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document