The etiology of caput obstipum musculare continues to be the subject of study

Levin (Vesti. Khir. And Pogr. Obl., Book 14, 1925), making a critical review of existing theories on this topic (congenital, traumatic, degenerative and neurogenic) and dwelling on his own observation of acquired muscle torticollis, which arose on the basis of syringomyelitic lesions the upper cervical spinal cord, tends to the etiological explanation put forward by Golding-Bird, which links the development of caput obstipum musculare with damage to the central nervous system.

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Peripheral and brain tissue catecholamine content in intact and anti-NGF-treated fetal sheep

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1987.252.1.r7 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 252 (1) ◽

pp. R7-R12 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. A. Schuijers ◽

D. W. Walker ◽

C. A. Browne ◽

G. D. Thorburn

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Adrenal Glands ◽

Matched Control ◽

Cervical Spinal Cord ◽

Fetal Sheep ◽

Catecholamine Content ◽

The Central Nervous System

Fetal lambs were treated with a single dose of anti-mouse nerve growth factor (anti-NGF) at 80 days gestational age. The catecholamine content of tissues was determined at 135 days gestational age. There was a reduction of either norepinephrine, epinephrine, or both, in the thymus, thyroid, atrium (but not ventricle), lung, liver, kidney, and jejunum when compared with age-matched control fetuses. The spleen, ileum, colon, and the adrenal glands were not affected by anti-NGF. In treated fetuses there was a reduction in catecholamine content of the thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, medulla, cerebellum, and cervical spinal cord. These results show that some tissues are sensitive to, and some are refractory to, the action of anti-NGF at 80 days gestation. Also the results suggest that NGF may play a role in the development of catecholamine-containing neurons within the central nervous system.

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Case Report: Primary Diffuse Leptomeningeal Oligodendrogliomatosis in a Young Adult Cat

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2021.795126 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Elisa Chludzinski ◽

Christina Puff ◽

Jürgen Weber ◽

Marion Hewicker-Trautwein

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Cervical Spinal Cord ◽

Round Cell ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Progressive Ataxia ◽

Proliferation Activity ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Adult Cat

A 2-year-old cat was presented with progressive ataxia. Despite treatment the animal died. Pathomorphological examination revealed a widespread leptomeningeal mass at all levels of the central nervous system accentuated on the cervical spinal cord and the medulla oblongata without presence of a primary intraaxial tumor. The neoplasm was mainly composed of round, uninucleate cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, which were immunopositive for OLIG2, doublecortin, MAP2, synaptophysin, and vimentin, indicating components of both oligodendroglial and neuronal differentiation. Ki-67 immunohistochemistry indicated a high proliferation activity of the neoplasm. Few GFAP positive and Iba-1 positive cells were interpreted as reactive astrocytes and macrophages or microglia, respectively. The tumor was immunonegative for CD3, CD20, PAX5, MUM1, pan-cytokeratin, S100, NSE, p75NTR, NeuN and periaxin. These findings led to the diagnosis of primary diffuse leptomeningeal oligodendrogliomatosis. This is the first reported case of this entity in a young cat, which should be considered as a differential diagnosis for diffuse subarachnoidal round cell infiltrates.

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Radiation-induced Cerebellar Glioblastoma Multiforme Subsequent to Treatment of an Astrocytoma of the Cervical Spinal Cord

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/00006123-199110000-00022 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 606-608 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Zvi H. Rappaport ◽

David Loven ◽

Uriel Ben-Aharon

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽

Cervical Spinal Cord ◽

Induced Tumors ◽

Cerebellar Glioblastoma ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Radiation Induced Tumors

Abstract A cerebellar glioblastoma multiforme was diagnosed in a 22-year-old woman. This originated in the zone adjacent to a field irradiated 14 years earlier after the removal of a noncontiguous astrocytoma of the spinal cord. The accepted criteria for radiation-induced tumors of the central nervous system are discussed.

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Electrical Injury to the Central Nervous System

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/00006123-198608000-00020 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 282-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Peter G. Petty ◽

Geoffrey Parkin

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

High Voltage ◽

Electric Shock ◽

Electrical Injury ◽

Spinal Cord Damage ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Subject

Abstract A case of delayed spinal cord damage due to high voltage electric shock is presented. The literature on the subject is reviewed and discussed.

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Acute Respiratory Failure due to Neuromyelitis Optica Treated Successfully with Plasmapheresis

Case Reports in Pulmonology ◽

10.1155/2016/1287690 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Massa Zantah ◽

Timothy B. Coyle ◽

Debapriya Datta

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Respiratory Failure ◽

Acute Respiratory Failure ◽

Neuromyelitis Optica ◽

Cervical Spinal Cord ◽

High Dose ◽

Pulse Dose ◽

The Central Nervous System

Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease involving the central nervous system. Acute respiratory failure from cervical myelitis due to NMO is known to occur but is uncommon in monophasic disease and is treated with high dose steroids. We report a case of a patient with NMO who developed acute respiratory failure related to cervical spinal cord involvement, refractory to pulse dose steroid therapy, which resolved with plasmapheresis.

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Observations on the Golgi Material of the Neurones of the Central Nervous System of Fowl affected with Neurolymphomatosis gallinarum.

Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Section B Biology ◽

10.1017/s0080455x00000308 ◽

1950 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 172-181

Author(s):

K. S. Chodnik

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Cerebral Cortex ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Pyramidal Cells ◽

Small Cells ◽

Spinal Ganglia ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Subject

SynopisThe Golgi material of the neurones of the central nervous system of normal fowl and of birds affected with spontaneous cases of Neurolymphomatosis gallinarum (fowl paralysis) is described. Material was prepared according to the methods of Kolatchev and of Aoyama. The Golgi material of normal pyramidal cells of the cerebral cortex, the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, the multipolar cells of the spinal cord, and the cells of the spinal ganglia, is present as rods, irregular bodies and filaments. Compact net-like Golgi material is present in the small cells of the spinal ganglia.In the neurones of fowl affected with Neurolymphomatosis gallinarum the Golgi material undergoes hypertrophy, followed by clustering of the Golgi elements and fragmentation. The intensity of the morphological changes and the number of neurones affected in a particular region of the central nervous system varies considerably, except in the spinal ganglia where all the cells examined exhibited marked changes. It was not possible to determine whether the changes were primary or secondary in nature. The literature of the subject is discussed.

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Isolated intramedullary histiocytosis-X of the cervical spinal cord

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1995.83.4.0716 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 83 (4) ◽

pp. 716-718 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Bruce Hamilton ◽

Edward S. Connolly ◽

William T. Mitchell

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Cervical Spinal Cord ◽

Histiocytosis X ◽

Content Type ◽

First Case ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Fine Print

✓ Histiocytosis-X is known to involve the central nervous system, but rarely does this disease involve the spinal cord. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of isolated intramedullary histiocytosis-X of the spinal cord to be reported.

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Balance deficit with opened or closed eyes reveals involvement of different structures of the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458513490546 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 81-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Luca Prosperini ◽

Nikolaos Petsas ◽

Eytan Raz ◽

Emilia Sbardella ◽

Francesca Tona ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Spinal Cord ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Center Of Pressure ◽

Cervical Cord ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Upper Cervical ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Balance Deficit

Objective: To evaluate whether balance deficit in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), as assessed with eyes opened (EO) and closed (EC), is associated with damage of different structures of the central nervous system (CNS). Methods: Fifty patients with MS and 20 healthy controls (HCs) underwent static posturography to calculate the body’s center of pressure displacement (COP path) with EO and EC. They were scanned using a 3.0T magnet to obtain PD/T2 and 3D-T1-weighted images of the brain and spinal cord. We determined the mid-sagittal cerebellum area (MSCA) and upper cervical cord cross-sectional area (UCCA). We also measured the patients’ lesion volumes (T2-LVs) on the whole brain and at different infratentorial levels. Results: MS patients had wider COP paths with both EO and EC ( p < 0.001), and lower values in both MSCA ( p = 0.01) and UCCA ( p = 0.008) than HCs. The COP path with EO was associated with MSCA (Beta = − 0.58; p = 0.004) and T2-LV on middle cerebellar peduncles (Beta = 0.59; p = 0.002). The COP path with EC was associated with UCCA (Beta= − 22.74; p = 0.003) and brainstem T2-LV (Beta = 0.52; p = 0.01). Conclusions: Balance deficit in MS was related to atrophy of both the cerebellum and spinal cord, but the extent of COP path under the two different conditions (EO or EC) implied different patterns of damage in the CNS.

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Neuroglial Development and Myelination in the Spinal Cord of the Chick Embryo

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.5.4.428 ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 428-437

Author(s):

J. P. M. Bensted ◽

J. Dobbing ◽

R. S. Morgan ◽

R. T. W. Reid ◽

G. Payling Wright

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Cervical Spinal Cord ◽

Demyelinating Diseases ◽

Widespread Occurrence ◽

Major Significance ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

The Many ◽

Made In

The widespread occurrence of the demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system makes the study of the events that accompany normal myelin formation one of major significance in neuropathology. In the latter part of the last century the earlier stages in the development of the nervous system in embryos were studied in detail by many investigators, but since then, in spite of its evident importance, this aspect of embryogenesis has attracted little attention from embryologists and neurohistologists. In view of the advances now being made in the chemistry of the nervous system, the time seems opportune to return to the problem of myelinogenesis with the hope of bringing together some of the many important relevant observations in neural morphology and biochemistry. In contrast to most earlier studies, the present one is restricted to some of the more outstanding features in the development of the neuroglia and myelin in the cervical spinal cord of the chicken embryo during the later stages of incubation.

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