scholarly journals SOME ASPECTS OF LOWER AND MIDDLE VOLGA POPULATION INTERACTION IN NEOLITHIC AGE

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Konstantin Mihailovich Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Neolithic Age ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Population Interaction

The article analyses the problem of different Neolitization origins in specified regions. In early Neolithic Age the contacts had a small coverage. Wide-ranging penetration of Lower Volga pin- scratched pottery ornamentation tradition carriers into forest steppe refers to VI and V centuries BC. It was caused by natural and climatic reasons. Up to the late Neolithic Age the influence was one-way - from south to north.

scholarly journals Novoilyinskaya culture sites of the Lower Kama region: current state of the research

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-199
Author(s):  
Viktor Vladimirovich Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Copper Age ◽  
Stone Age ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Neolithic Culture ◽  
Current State ◽  
Small Series ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Clear Idea

The paper deals with the analysis of the Novoilyinskaya culture sites existed in the Lower Kama region between the Kama Neolithic culture collapse and the Copper Age cultures with porous (shell tempered) ceramics appearance. The analysis of the ceramic complex of the Novoilyinskaya culture shows its similarity with the comb ornamented pottery of the Kama Neolithic culture according to a number of indicators. A lack of clear data on stratigraphy and spatial distribution of finds as well as a small series of absolute dates do not give a clear idea of the formation time and the development of the Novoilyinskaya culture. Currently available data show that the Samara collar (Ivanovskaya) traditions disappeared until the last quarter of the 5th Millennium cal BC. Specific ceramics of the Neolithic-type shape is formed in the Lower Kama region. At the same time the Novoilyinskaya culture ceramics of the Ik and Belaya Rivers interfluve has some features which are the reminiscences of the Levshinskaya stage which are not characteristic for the Middle and Upper Kama region. These features are: thickening on the inner side of the rim; rows of pits and bulges (formed by pits imprinted from the inner side) under the rim; closed forms of the pots and an ornamentation - stepping comb impressions. The proximity of the ceramic complexes of the Novoilyinskaya culture sites to the Late Neolithic ceramics of the Kama culture as well as the radiocarbon dates and the absence of the metalworking evidences prove the functioning of the Novoilyinskaya culture sites of the Lower Kama region during the border of the Stone Age and the period of Early Metals. Another important question is - which southern components took part in the formation of the Novoilyinskaya type or influenced it. Researchers of the forest-steppe Copper Age cultures supposed that in the process of forest Copper Age cultures formation - the Garin and Bor cultures as well as the Middle Volga variant of the Volosovo culture - the Tok and even Altata elements took part. In our opinion, the influence of the Tok traditions is already clearly visible on the Novoilyinskaya culture ceramics. This conclusion is supported by the ⁴C dates which established the synchronicity of the Tok and Novoilyinskaya sites.

scholarly journals The Late Neolithic of Trans-Urals: Poludenka issues

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-225
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Sergeevna Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural Influence ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Transitional Stage ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Geographical Factor ◽  
Late Stages

The paper examines the Poludenka discourse in the context of historiography and modern research practices. It analyzes changes in attributive characteristics and essential interpretation of Poludenka ceramics (culture, traditions) and the associated empirical and theoretical difficulties. It is noted that the problem of typological criteria is associated with the periodization paradigm the use of three- or two-stage periodization, which includes or excludes a transitional stage in the material culture of the Trans-Urals Neolithic between the early and late stages of development. The issue of the genesis of the Poludenka tradition and foreign cultural influence, as well as its local isolation on the southern periphery of culture, is also considered. It is assumed that the ornamental originality of the Poludenka pottery in the forest-steppe Pre-Tobol Region is associated with the interaction of the Trans-Urals population at the end of the Early Neolithic with the bearers of the Makhanjar tradition; emphasizes the participation of the Koshkino component in the Poludenka tradition creation at the previous stage. As a solution, it is proposed to return to the notion of a transitional stage between the Early and Late Neolithic, probably at the interval that coincides with the period of coexistence of all traditions, using the established term Kozlovo-Poludenka; the author also notes the perspective of material complexes analysis taking into account the geographical factor.

scholarly journals Cherkasskaya-5 site and its place in the Early Neolithic on the Middle Don River

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-189
Author(s):  
Andrey Mikhailovich Skorobogatov
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Neolithic Age ◽  
Don River ◽  
The Neolithic Age ◽  
Technological Analysis

The paper introduces materials of Cherkasskaya-5 site, located on the Middle Don River in the Pavlovsky district of the Voronezh Region. Under the two-meter thickness of the lake-alluvial layers, more than a thousand pieces of finds have been ceramics, stone, bone products and osteology. While analyzing the materials of the monument a ceramic and flint complex of the Early Neolithic appearance have been distinguished (7-6 thousand BC). The received radiocarbon dates, the data of technical and technological analysis and the features of ornamentation, ceramics, the typology of stone and bone inventory, help to find one of the possible ways of Neolithization of the Middle Don, in which the leading role belongs to the steppe component. Paleozoological analysis showed that the osteological collection is dominated by the bones of birds (64,4% of all bones), there are mammals (21,8%), fish (9,7%), turtle marsh (4,1%). Among domestic mammals domestic species (dog, horse, pig, sheep) are identified. However, the presence of late Neolithic and Eneolithic (srednedonskaya, dnepro-donetskaya, nizhnedonskaya, and srednestogovskaya cultures) in the ceramics layer leaves open the question of the domestic animal species belonging to the early Neolithic. The material of the site makes it possible to characterize this place as a series of seasonal short-term specialized sites intended for conducting network fishing, hunting for waterfowl, catching turtles and collecting shellfish as well as for processing the products of fishing and hunting in the Neolithic age.

scholarly journals Traces of Mahanjar culture in the forest-steppe Tobol region

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Sergeevna Yakovleva
Keyword(s):  
Social Ties ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
The North ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Cultural Genesis ◽  
Neolithic Cultures

The paper summarizes all currently known source data on the Neolithic Mahanjar culture in the forest-steppe Tobol region. Both scattered archival data - materials from Ubagan 2,3,5, Ust-Suerka 4 and several others - and the results of new archaeological works on such settlements as Kochegarovo 1 and Tashkovo 1 are published, which allows a significant expansion of the periphery of the Mahanjar culture to the north boundaries of the forest-steppe zone of the Tobol region. The western boundary of the periphery requires further work. The author traced geographical dependence in the distribution of materials in the composition of monuments with other Neolithic cultures. Based on the available absolute dates and the fixation of some facts of ceramics stratification, conclusions are drawn about the coexistence of Mahanjar complexes in the Tobol region with carriers of early Neolithic - Kozlovskaya and Koshkinskaya - and Late Neolithic - Poludenskaya and Boborykinskaya ceramic traditions from the end of early Neolithic to the mid of late Neolithic. It is assumed that the spread of the Mahanjar culture in the forest-steppe zone proceeded by including its carriers among the local inhabitants through social ties. The inclusion of the Mahanjar antiquities of the forest-steppe Tobol region in the corpus of sources allows us to expand our understanding of cultural genesis and migrations at the end of the early Neolithic.

scholarly journals Absolute chronology of ceramics of the Lugovskoy type

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-135
Author(s):  
Konstantin Mikhailovich Andreev ◽  
Alexander Alekseevich Vybornov ◽  
Marianna Alekseevna Kulkova ◽  
Dmitriy Yurievich Khramov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Existence Time

The ceramics of the Lugovskoy type is represented by small straight-walled, weakly profiled or rounded canals with a flat or flat-concave bottom. The surface of the vessels is carefully smoothed, the external one is clogged. The fragments of ceramics have a visually dense molding material; the original plastic raw materials are silty clay, which sometimes contain an admixture of sand, shell or organic matter. The bulk of the vessels are ornamented only with horizontal bands of pits or pearls, sometimes along the neck of the vessels. The formation of the Lugovskoy type is associated with the interaction of the Elshanskaya and Lower Volga populations, while the Elshanskaya component was dominant. The existence of the Lugovskoy type dishes belongs to the end of the early Neolithic period of the forest-steppe Volga region and characterizes the second stage of the development of the Elshanskaya culture. The problem of the absolute chronology of the Lugovskoy ceramics hasnt been studied yet. As a rule, the dating obtained for vessels of this type were considered in the context of the general chronology of the Elshanskaya culture and did not receive an appropriate interpretation in special works. To fill this gap is the main task of this paper. During the analysis of a representative series of radiocarbon determinations, it was established that the existence time of the dishes of the Lugovskoy type can be determined within the end of the first - second quarter of the 6th millennium BC. At the same time, with an increase in the radiocarbon date bank, the expansion of the chronological framework for the development of the final stage of the early Neolithic of the forest-steppe Volga region cannot be ruled out.

scholarly journals Novoilyinskaya Post-Neolithic culture in the Middle and Upper Kama River region

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Leonidovna Lychagina ◽  
Alexander Alekseevich Vybornov ◽  
Olga Vladimirovna Zhukova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Neolithic Culture ◽  
Neolithic Age ◽  
River Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology

This paper deals with the analysis of the materials from the Novoilyinskaya culture monuments in the Middle Kama River region, traces the issue history and determines how much is known about it. The main sources of the issue are given and their reliability is determined here. The location of the sites and the characteristic parameters of dwellings are recorded. Their similarity with the Neolithic is stated. The ceramic and stone tools are described. The characteristic and special features are distinguished. A comparative analysis of the complexes with the materials of the late Neolithic is carried out, that reveals a certain similarity. The paper considers the issue of the metalwork residues presence at the Novoilyinskaya culture monuments. It is concluded that there is no evidence of the Eneolithic character of the Novoilyinskaya culture sites. The database on radiocarbon chronology of the Novoilyinskaya culture complexes is analyzed. The most valid values are highlighted. Their chronological interval of existence is determined: 5200-4500 BP. The issue of the genesis of the Novoilyinskaya culture in the Middle Kama River region is covered. The proximity with the culture of the local Neolithic is stated, as well as the role of cultures of adjacent territories is assumed. A comparative analysis with materials of the Krasnomostovsky type of the forest Middle Volga region is given. The conclusion about their chronological correlation is made. The authors also come to the conclusion about the Post-Neolithic age of the Novoilyinskaya culture. This culture is included in the range of the forest Middle and Upper Volga region cultures.

scholarly journals Dwellings of the Elshan Early Neolithic culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
Konstantin M. Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Systematic Change ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Neolithic Culture ◽  
Short Time ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Late Stages

Dwelling is the most important source, revealing the details of social structure, economy, technical traditions and is of key importance for understanding society. Only a limited number of dwelling complexes which can be reliably interpreted as early Neolithic and classified as the Elshan culture have been identified. Moreover, the cultural and chronological attribution of some interpreted as early Neolithic dwellings, in our opinion, is not sufficiently reasoned. In this paper data on all Elshan residential buildings is combined and a brief interpretation is given, as well as some of the previously mentioned provisions are disclosed in more detail. To the early Neolithic in the forest-steppe Volga region, with a high degree of probability, only dwellings identified on the sites of Vyunovo ozero I, Imerka VII and Utyuzh I, with certain reservations, the dwelling of the Lugovoe III site, with the same reservations, the residential structure investigated at the Lebyazhinka IV site, can be classified with a high probability. Most likely, it belongs to the developed and late Neolithic of the region. In general, the dwellings of the Elshan culture were light frame structures, slightly deepened into the mainland, such as a hut, without a visible system in the location of pillar holes. Probably, but not doubtfully, the area of residential buildings of the Elshan culture increased from early to late stages of its development. In connection with the specific life support model of the Elshan population, which implied a systematic change of place of residence, they functioned for a short time. Judging by the available data, the use of a limited number of dishes (13 vessels) is associated with a period of Elshan population residence in one place, and, therefore, settlements with relatively large collections of ceramics were most likely visited many times by the Neolithic population.

scholarly journals STEPPE AND FOREST-STEPPE VOLGA REGIONS IN THE EARLY NEOLITHIC PERIOD: THE PROBLEM OF CONTACTS

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Viktorovich Viskalin
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
External Character ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
Tripolye Culture

According to the radiocarbon chronology formation of the Neolithic communities acquainted with manufacturing baked clay pottery takes place in the Steppe and Forest-steppe Volga region in the early Atlantic period about 6000 BC. Weakly ornamented Yelshanka point-bottomed pottery borrowed from Transurals was developing in the Forest-steppe Volga region at this period. As for the Steppe Volga region, plain-bottomed richly ornamented Cairshak pottery influenced by the traditions of the Transcaucasus Neolithic centers was spreading. Establishing close contact between Steppe and Forest-steppe Volga regions population dates as far back as the last quarter of the 6 th millennium BC which caused extrinsic for the Asiatic region features of the Yelshanka pottery such as smoothed body rib, crown bulge, geometrized ornament of drawn lines and dimples forming triangles, punctured zigzags. In the early 5 th millennium BC latitudinal contacts tended to substitute longitudinal ones which is proved by differences having appeared between the Steppe and Forest-steppe Volga region pottery. Tradition of producing ribbed vessels with crown bulge continued in the steppe was lost in the forest-steppe. Distribution of the non-ornamented plain-bottomed pottery of the Lugovskoy type in the Middle-Volga area also confirms the fact of developing latitudinal contacts. There is no such pottery in the Steppe Volga region but it can be found in numerous cultures south of the Russian Plain. As the most ancient sets of such pottery were found in the Bugo-Dnestr culture so it could be supposed that its dispersion beyond the original territory happened under the eastward pressure of the Tripolye culture. External character of the non-ornamented plain-bottomed pottery of the Lugovskoy type is proved by its typological heterogeneity. Vessels with body rib and crown bulge are characteristic for some of the pottery sets with sporadic ones having dimple-pearly girdle (e.g. Ust-Tashelka). In other sets the number of vessels with dimple-pearly girdles is much bigger while there are much less vessels with body rib and crown bulge (e.g. Krasny Gorodok, Lugovoye III) which reflects the process of assimilating the new-comers by the descendants of the Yelshanka culture.

Social organization in the Orcadian Neolithic: identification of elite domestic structures and settlements through analysis of excavation data

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
David MacInnes
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
The Subject

The nature of social organization during the Orcadian Neolithic has been the subject of discussion for several decades with much of the debate focused on answering an insightful question posed by Colin Renfrew in 1979. He asked, how was society organised to construct the larger, innovative monuments of the Orcadian Late Neolithic that were centralised in the western Mainland? There are many possible answers to the question but little evidence pointing to a probable solution, so the discussion has continued for many years. This paper takes a new approach by asking a different question: what can be learned about Orcadian Neolithic social organization from the quantitative and qualitative evidence accumulating from excavated domestic structures and settlements?In an attempt to answer this question, quantitative and qualitative data about domestic structures and about settlements was collected from published reports on 15 Orcadian Neolithic excavated sites. The published data is less extensive than hoped but is sufficient to support a provisional answer: a social hierarchy probably did not develop in the Early Neolithic but almost certainly did in the Late Neolithic, for which the data is more comprehensive.While this is only one approach of several possible ways to consider the question, it is by exploring different methods of analysis and comparing them that an understanding of the Orcadian Neolithic can move forward.

scholarly journals Genome diversity in the Neolithic Globular Amphorae culture and the spread of Indo-European languages

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1867) ◽  
pp. 20171540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Tassi ◽  
Stefania Vai ◽  
Silvia Ghirotto ◽  
Martina Lari ◽  
Alessandra Modi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Approximate Bayesian Computation ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Genome Diversity ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Demographic Models ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Complete Sequences ◽  
Approximate Bayesian

It is unclear whether Indo-European languages in Europe spread from the Pontic steppes in the late Neolithic, or from Anatolia in the Early Neolithic. Under the former hypothesis, people of the Globular Amphorae culture (GAC) would be descended from Eastern ancestors, likely representing the Yamnaya culture. However, nuclear (six individuals typed for 597 573 SNPs) and mitochondrial (11 complete sequences) DNA from the GAC appear closer to those of earlier Neolithic groups than to the DNA of all other populations related to the Pontic steppe migration. Explicit comparisons of alternative demographic models via approximate Bayesian computation confirmed this pattern. These results are not in contrast to Late Neolithic gene flow from the Pontic steppes into Central Europe. However, they add nuance to this model, showing that the eastern affinities of the GAC in the archaeological record reflect cultural influences from other groups from the East, rather than the movement of people.

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