scholarly journals Assessment of relevant and exchange acidity of cespitose-podsolic sandy loamy soil when the Hotynetsky field zeolite is used

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Alevtina Hristoforovna Kulikova ◽  
Andrey Vladimirovich Kozlov ◽  
Irina Pavlovna Uromova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Solution System ◽  
Main Mode ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Positive Action ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Plough Layer ◽  
Nizhny Novgorod Region ◽  
Exchange Acidity ◽  
Action Force

The following paper considers influence extent of zeolite breed of the Hotynetsky field on indicators of relevant and exchange acidity of the cespitose-podsolic sandy loamy soil in the Nizhny Novgorod Region. A three-year experiment, representing microfield experiment, was started in 2014 in the Borsky District Elitkhoz. Zeolite was brought in the plough-layer once in high doses - 3, 6 and 12 t/hectare. During the research (2015-2017) on allotments the main crops of the region were grown up. The acidity of the soil was estimated on рН indicators, defined from water and salt extracts which were selected during the autumn period after cultural plants harvesting. As a result of the conducted researches positive action of all doses of the studied zeolite on indicators of the acid and main mode of the cespitose-podsolic soil was established. The essential effect was traced already at the minimum dose of material: 12,0% increase of рНwater indicator and 6,3% increase of рНsalt indicator on average during the research time. Application of 6 t/hectare of zeolite breed in the greatest measure promoted reduction of the relevant acidity of the soil by 20%, exchange acidity - for 13% and also for 60% - to increase in an ionic exchanging of the soil solution system with preservation of the action force during the research time.

Influence of fertilizers and of the autumn tillage method on potato yield and phytopathologiс characteristics of tubers

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-400
Author(s):  
V. I. Titova ◽  
E. T. Akopdzhanyan
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Pest Damage ◽  
Tillage Method ◽  
Nizhny Novgorod Region ◽  
Production Conditions

The field experiment on identifying differences in the effect of the herbicide and foliar feeding of plants with liquid nitrogen fertilizer (UAN-32) against the background of autumn tillage with a cultivator or plow on potato yield and phytopathologic characteristics of tubers during storage was carried out in 2019-2020 in the Nizhny Novgorod region. The experiment was laid on sod-podzolic sandy loamy soil in production conditions on two varieties of potato ‒ the super-early Сolomba variety and the medium-early Innovator variety grown for seeds. The variants under study were surface application of the soil herbicide Gezagard in a tank mixture with UAN-32 and foliar feeding of plants with UAN-32 (N42) during the growing season against the background of N42P42K169 (calcium chloride in autumn + ammonium nitrate phosphate in spring). The results indicate that the background fertilization provides the yield of Colombа variety potato of 20.7-29.0 t/ha, the Innovator variety – 17.4-23.1 t/ha. The use of the herbicide is more effective during autumn tillage with a cultivator, providing an increase in yield of 28-37 % on both potato varieties, feeding of plants with UAN-32 contributes to an increase in yield (8-10 %) only on the Сolomba variety. Plowing the soil for potatoes helps to avoid the pest damage of tubers and to reduce their susceptibility to rhizoctonia by 6-27 %, to wet rot ‒ up to 55 %. In general, it has been established that due to autumn plowing with fertilization at a dose of N42P42K169, it is possible to obtain an increase in potato yield exceeding the increase provided both by herbicides and the use of foliar feeding of potatoes.

Effect of an attendant anion on the balance of cations in the soil-solution system with an ordinary chernozem as an example

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 772-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Minkina ◽  
D. L. Pinskii ◽  
S. S. Mandzhieva ◽  
T. V. Bauer ◽  
S. N. Sushkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
Solution System

Soil sorption characteristics of benzobicyclon hydrolysate and estimated leaching risk in soils used for rice production

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Cammy D. Willett ◽  
Erin M. Grantz ◽  
Matthew G. Sena ◽  
Jung Ae Lee ◽  
Kristofor R. Brye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Soil Sorption ◽  
Regression Parameters ◽  
The Us ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Plough Layer

Environmental contextThe behaviour of herbicides in the environment is largely determined by the partitioning of the compounds between soil solids and soil solution. We determined that the rice herbicide-metabolite benzobicyclon hydrolysate partitions more into soil solution, and does so increasingly as pH increases. These results indicate that benzobicyclon hydrolysate is a risk for leaching in much of the rice-producing area in the US mid-South. AbstractBenzobicyclon hydrolysate (BH) is the major metabolite and active molecule in the pro-herbicide benzobicyclon (BZB), which is pending registration for use in US mid-Southern rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. The current study objectives were to (i) determine BH soil sorption coefficients; (ii) quantify relationships among BH sorption and soil properties; and (iii) estimate leaching potential using calculated retardation factors (RFs). Sorption coefficients for 10 representative Arkansas rice-production soils were determined by batch-equilibration experiments. Soil sorption (KD=0.25–44.3mLg−1), soil organic carbon partitioning (KOC=28.2–7480mLg−1), and soil organic matter partitioning (KOM=17.9–2580mLg−1) coefficients were negatively correlated with soil pH (r=−0.93 – −0.94). Clay and silt were significant secondary regression parameters, accounting for up to 93% of the variation in KD in combination with pH. Clay and silt effects on sorption coefficients increased when regression analyses excluded the lowest pH soil. Soil sorption coefficients were greater in soils with clay ≥27%, which may be a useful parameter for informing herbicide-use rates. Using the calculated RF’s, the estimated depth of leaching over the growing season exceeded the assumed 15-cm plough layer depth in eight of the 10 soils, and only two of the 10 soils had an estimated time to plough layer breakthrough less than the typical six-month growing season (April–September) under average water flux conditions. The results suggest that BH leaching below the plough layer is a potential risk for much of the rice-producing area in the US mid-South.

Control of lead solubility in soil contaminated with lead shot: effect of soil moisture and temperature

Soil Research ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. McLaren ◽  
C. P. Rooney ◽  
L. M. Condron
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Temperature Limit ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Solution System ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Soil Solid Phase

An incubation experiment was carried out to assess the rate of oxidation of lead (Pb) shot and subsequent transfer of Pb to the soil under different soil moisture and temperature regimes. Lead was readily released from Pb shot into the soil environment due to rapid corrosion of the Pb shot; however, the rate of Pb shot dissolution was slower at 70% than at 100% field moisture capacity. The corrosion and development of crust material on Pb shot, and corresponding increases in soil solution Pb and Pb associated with the soil solid phase, were also slower at 10°C than 25 or 30°C. Soil moisture and temperature also influenced the speciation of soil solution Pb as modelled using WHAM 6, mainly through the effects of moisture and temperature on soil pH, total soluble Pb, and dissolved organic C. The rate of approach to equilibrium of the Pb shot–soil–soil solution system will be much slower where soil moisture and temperature limit Pb shot corrosion. Calculated free ion Pb2+ concentrations suggest that after 6 months, almost all samples contaminated with Pb shot exceeded soil critical limits for Pb toxicity.

scholarly journals Change of gydrolase and oxide reductase fermental complex activity and indicators of fertility to sod-podsolic soil under action of bentonite clay

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-78
Author(s):  
A.V. Kozlov ◽  
A.H. Kulikova ◽  
O.V. Selitskaya ◽  
I.P. Uromova
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Phenol Oxidase ◽  
Complex Activity ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Bentonite Clays ◽  
Nizhny Novgorod Region ◽  
Enzymatic Activity Of Soil

In aspect of modern direction of potential impact assessment of alternative fertilizer materials on properties of soils variability of activity of the main gydrolase and oxide reductase enzymes in sod-podsolic sandy loamy soil (by WRB Retisols) and indicators of its effective fertility under influence of meliorative doses of bentonite clay is determined. Microfield research was conducted during 2015–2017 in conditions of the Nizhny Novgorod Region. Breed was brought once (2014) in an arable layer of earth in doses at rate of 3, 6 and 12 t/hectare. In years of carrying out research grew up winter wheat (Moskovskaya 39), barley (Veles) and peas of sowing campaign (Chishminsky 95). When determining enzymatic activity of soil and maintenance of batteries of plants in it used classical biochemical and agrochemical methods used in soil science. Under influence of bentonite clay high doses in soil observed considerable activization of enzymatic activity (protease (to 90%), cellulase (almost twice), phosphatase (up to 140%), phenol oxidase (up to 30%) and catalase (up to 70%)). As result, improvement of its agrochemical indicators is revealed, including increase in content of mobile compounds of phosphorus (on 21–31 mg/kg), exchange forms of potassium (on 32–41 mg/kg), available silicates (by 2–8 times in α-form and at 1,5–3,0 time in β-form), strengthening of nitrifying ability (on 2,6–4,1 mg/kg) and also relative persistence of maintenance of humic substances at level of control is established. Received results can be basis for introduction of bentonite in production field experiments and in subsequent for development of technology of bentonite clays use in agriculture of the Non-chernozem zone as meliorative substance, optimizing enzymatic activity of soils.

scholarly journals Distribution and mobility of137Cs,90Sr,239,240Pu and241Am in solid phase-interstitial soil solution system

2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (C1) ◽  
pp. C1-259-C1-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Sokolik ◽  
S. Ovsiannikova ◽  
I. Kimlenko
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Solution System

scholarly journals Ecological status assessment of microbic population from cespitose-podsolic soil basic saprothrophic microbic pool at the Inzensky field diatomite biochemical destruction

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Andrey Vladimirovich Kozlov ◽  
Alevtina Hristoforovna Kulikova ◽  
Irina Pavlovna Uromova
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Status ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Active Reaction ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Biochemical Degradation ◽  
Dynamics Of Number ◽  
Nizhny Novgorod Region

The following paper considers reaction of the saprothrophic and ammoniphycal microbic populations, allocated from the cespitose-podsolic sandy loamy soil of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, to the Inzensky field diatomite substance. On this basis the ecological status of these microorganisms in relation to the studied high-siliceous breed is estimated subsequently. 7-day accumulative cultures of general saprothrophic and ammoniphycal bacteria were used in the study. Living cells were emitted from the cespitose and podsolic soil selected from the Borsky district field Elitkhoz by the standard rules in microbiological biotechnology. The result of the research was 30-day dynamics of the breed culture system regarding change of living cells number and proteolytic enzymatic activity of bacterial suspension at biochemical degradation of diatomite substance. The described reaction of microbic complexes in the form of positive dynamics of number and protease activity demonstrates direct destruction interaction of bacterial cultures with diatomite breed that, in turn, can assume their active reaction with this breed and organic substance of the soil with the subsequent release in soil solution of various nutritious elements and in general - stabilization of bacterial L-strategists in the general ecological status of soil microbiocenosis.

scholarly journals IONIC SPECIATION IN A DYSTROPHIC RED LATOSOL UNDER COFFEE CROP AND HIGH DOSES OF GYPSUM

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Barbara Zini Ramos ◽  
Jose Maria De Lima ◽  
Milson Evaldo Serafim ◽  
Aline Renee Coscione ◽  
Raul Magalhaes Ferraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Red Latosol ◽  
High Doses

The cultivation of coffe crops in Brazil, especially on Latosols, has been increasing over the years, despite limitations such as aluminum toxicity, low fertility and very long drought periods. In this scenario, soil amendments to mitigate these restraints are necessary. Since these limitations are not restricted to the arable layer, application of gypsum becomes an efficient alternative to sustain soil fertility and deepen the root system to get water from the deeper layers of soil. However, high doses of gypsum can cause unbalance among Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup>. The objective of this work was to evaluate these bases as well as their ionic pairs, and the presence of sulfate along the soil profile 16 months after the application of high gypsum doses in a Latosol under coffee crops. An inicial dose of gypsum was applied in the entire area, followed by four treatments, in triplicate and randomized blocks, set as follows: G0 - zero gypsum applied over the planting line after the initial soil preparation; G7- 7 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of gypsum in the planting line (1.75 kg m<sup>-1</sup>); G56 - 56 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of gypsum in the planting line (14 kg m<sup>-1</sup>), all with brachiaria between the coffee planting lines; and CV7 - 7 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of gypsum in the line and no brachiaria between the planting lines. The soil profile was sampled in layers up to 2.40 m depth and the soil solution was extracted by suctioning the sample-saturated paste. Following this extraction, the soil solution was analyzed by combustion for total carbon contents, ion chromatography and ICP-OES/flame photometry, for chemical species, and speciation was done using Minteq software. After 16 months of gypsum application, 96% of K<sup>+</sup> in soil solution was at 0.35 to 0.45 m in its free form. Leaching of Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> occurred predominantly in their free forms, although a more significant contribution of CaSO<sub>4</sub> <sup>0</sup> and MgSO<sub>4</sub> <sup>0</sup> ionic pairs was observed when compared to K2SO<sub>4</sub><sup>0</sup>.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document