scholarly journals Assessment of ecological and geochemical condition of soils and dust content of atmospheric air in the residential zone of the mining industry center

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Rezeda Firgatovna Khasanova ◽  
Irina Nikolaevna Semenova ◽  
Yuliya Samigullovna Rafikova ◽  
Yalil Tukhvatovich Suyundukov ◽  
Irina Valerievna Ilyina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Geochemical Condition ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Industry Center ◽  
The City

The research studies the content of heavy metals (HM) in soils of residential zones of Sibay - the mining industry center of the South-East of the Republic of Bashkortostan. It is shown that in soils under herbaceous vegetation there is an increased content of a number of HMS, such as copper, zinc and cadmium. At the same time the areas located under the crown of Betula pendula Roth. are less contaminated with HM compared to open areas. Reduced content of a number of metals (iron, cadmium, cobalt and mobile forms of Nickel) in soils under the crown of the Roth confirms the barrier role of woody plants that protect the soil from airborne toxicants. The study showed the prospects of using a birch as a type of accumulator-phytoremediant in the greening of the mining region urban areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Studies of TM content in organs and tissues have shown that representatives of the species growing in Sibay can accumulate a significant amount of phytotoxicants, especially zinc, the content of which ranged 1041-1855 mg/kg. One of the sources of the increased TM content in the leaves and the bark of trees is dust. The paper presents a comparative study of the dustiness of birch leaves growing in the Central part of the city with heavy traffic and in the vicinity of the Sibay quarry, developing a Deposit of copper-zinc ore. The amount of dust on the leaves collected near the dumps of the Sibay quarry was 3,53 0,64 g/m, which is less than in the Central part of the city, where this figure reached 41,04 10,38 g/m. Obviously, this is due to the fact that the dumps of the Sibay quarry are located in an open and intensively ventilated area, which explains the strong dispersion of dust. At the same time dust particles near the quarry dumps are much more contaminated with manganese, cobalt and cadmium than in the Central part of the city.

scholarly journals The integrated assessment of socio-ecological tension in urbanized territories

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Rezeda Firgatovna Khasanova ◽  
Yalil Tukhvatovich Suyundukov ◽  
Irina Nikolaevna Semenova ◽  
Yuliya Samigullovna Rafikova ◽  
Munira Basimovna Suyundukova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mining Industry ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The City ◽  
Geochemical State

The paper examines environmental problems of a city with a developed mining industry. Their influence on social stability, public health and demography, labor activity, migration, etc. was revealed. The methodology for assessing social and ecological tension for the city of Sibay in the Republic of Bashkortostan was tested, based on the approaches developed by I.A. Sosunova for the regions of Russia. The main materials for calculating the socio-ecological tension of the city were data from the analysis of information on the socio-economic and ecological state of the territory, conducting a sociological survey of the population, as well as assessing the ecological and geochemical state of the environment by a set of ecological indicators. All indicators were assessed using five-point scales. The final indicator was the index of social and ecological tension, which was determined by dividing the sum of points for the indicators under consideration by their number. As a result of a comprehensive analysis, it was revealed that the socio-ecological tension of the city of Sibay includes: Gorny (3,7) Yuzhny (3,2) Center (2,7) Gold (2,6) Eastern (2,4) Fishermans House (2,3) Arkaim (1,6). The use of the category of socio-ecological tension in the proposed interpretation makes it possible to identify sociological problems of behavior and society. The results of the study are recommended to be used for a comprehensive analysis of indicators for monitoring urbanized territories of a mining region, which determine its environmental safety and sustainable development, ranking the territory as well as a set of economically justified measures to include them in the programs of strategic development of the region.

scholarly journals Social and ecological problems of a small town with a developed mining industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 04023
Author(s):  
Reseda Khasanova ◽  
Yalil Suyundukov ◽  
Irina Semenova ◽  
Munira Suyundukova ◽  
Gulnaz Ilbulova
Keyword(s):  
Small Town ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The City

The article presents the results of a study of the social and environmental problems of a small town with a developed mining industry. The authors have tested the methodology for assessing social and ecological tension for the city of Sibay in the Republic of Bashkortostan based on the approaches by I.A. Sosunov for the regions of Russia. The key indicators of the analysis were the data of official information on the socio-economic and ecological state, a sociological survey and a comprehensive assessment of the state of the environment. As a result, the index of social and ecological tension of the city was calculated in the context of settlements: Gorny (3.7) - Yuzhny (3.2) - city center (2.7) -Zoloto (2.6) - Vostochny (2.4) - Dom Rybaka (2.3) - Arkaim (1.6). The use of the category of social and environmental tension in the proposed interpretation allows for a comprehensive analysis of the urbanized territories of the mining region, which determine its environmental safety and sustainable development, their ranking, and also development of a set of economically justified measures to be included in the programs of the strategic development of the region.

Hygienic assessment of learning environment conditions (by the example of higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa)

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Elena Ju. Gorbatkova
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The City

Introduction. The important factors affecting health and performance of young people are the conditions of education, in particular, a comfortable microclimate in the classrooms of higher educational institutions. Materials and methods. In view of the urgency of this problem, an analysis was made of the microclimate parameters of educational organizations of different profiles (Ufa city, the Republic of Bashkortostan). 294 classrooms were studied in 22 buildings of 4 leading universities in Ufa. A total of 3,822 measurements were taken to determine the parameters of the microclimate. The analysis of ionizing radiation in the aerial environment of classrooms. There was performed determination of radon and its affiliated products content. In order to assess the conditions and lifestyle of students of 4 higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa, we conducted an anonymous survey of 1,820 students of I and IV years of education. Results. The average temperature in the classrooms of all universities studied was 23.9±0.09 C. The average relative humidity in all classrooms was 34.2 ± 0.42%. Analysis of ionizing radiation (radon and its daughter products decay) in the aerial environment of the classrooms and sports halls located in the basement determined that the average annual equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of the radon daughter products (EROA ± Δ222Rn) ranged from 28 ± 14 to 69 ± 34.5 meter, which meets the requirements established by SanPiN. Conclusion. The hygienic assessment of the microclimate parameters of educational institutions of various profile revealed a number of deviations from the regulated norms. The results indicate the need to control the parameters of the microclimate, both from the administration of universities, and from the professors. According to the results of the study, recommendations were prepared for the management of higher educational institutions in Ufa.

PHYTOMONITORING AS A METOD OF THE ASSESSMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION BY URBAN ENVIRONMENT BY FINE DUST

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Irina Glinyanova ◽  
Valery Azarov ◽  
Valery Fomichev
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Fine Dust ◽  
Control Zone ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Random Functions ◽  
The City

Fine dust: (PM2.5, PM10) is a priority pollutant that contributes to the development of numerous dis-eases in urban areas. The purpose of this scientific work is to study the dispersed composition of dust parti-cles on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) in the residential zone of Volgograd. The novelty of the work lies in the study of the dispersed composition of dust particles on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) in the residential zone in the city of Volgograd near the construction industry enterprise, me-chanical engineering, leather production and railway transport line in comparison with the conditionally clean (control) zone of the SNT “Orocenets” ”(Sovetsky District, Volgograd) from the standpoint of random functions expressed by integral distribution curves of the mass of particles over their equivalent diameters. As a result of the research, the dispersed composition of dust on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus ar-meníaca) in the residential area of Volgograd was revealed. Fine particles were found: PM2.5, PM10 in each of the studied points, which by their values, both in their number and mass fraction, significantly exceed the data on fine dust in a conditionally clean area (control) in the SNT “Oroshanets” (Sovetsky district Volgo-grad), which creates certain environmental risks for local residents. The dispersed analysis of particles from the standpoint of random functions in the future will allow with a sufficiently high degree of accuracy to pre-dict the dust content of urban atmospheric air in the range of monthly and / or seasonal average values compared to the traditional measurement of fine dust concentration in atmospheric air of the urban environ-ment as the maximum single or daily average. At the same time, further studies of dust on the leaves of plants in an urban environment, namely, the study of the density of its sedimentation, will also reveal a group of ur-ban plants that are best suited to retain PM2.5 and PM10 on leaf plates in this region, which can significantly increase the quality of the atmospheric air of the urban environment and be of a recommendatory nature for the state-owned landscaping services of the city of Volgograd when improving the green areas of a megacity.

scholarly journals The importance of changing urban scenery in the assessment of citizens’ soundscape perception. On the need for different time-related points of view

Noise Mapping ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-161
Author(s):  
Jerónimo Vida Manzano ◽  
José Antonio Almagro Pastor ◽  
Rafael García Quesada
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Noise Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Abstract The city of Granada is experimenting a big urban transformation, attending national and international commitments on clean air, energy efficiency and savings linked to greenhouse gases reduction strategies and sustainable development action plans. This situation constitutes a good scenario for new noise control approaches that take into account the sound variable and citizens empowering in urban design, such as the soundscape assessment of urban territory. In this way, soundscape tools have been used in Granada as a complementary method for environmental noise characterisation where traditional noise control techniques are difficult to be carried out or give limited results. After 2016 strategic noise map and in the preparation of the new noise action plan, the city came across a great acoustic challenge in a new area located outskirts characterised by growing urbanisation, still under development, the greatest legal protection because of sensitive teaching and hospital buildings and the greatest noise exposure from nearby ring-way supporting heavy traffic flow. As quiet urban areas are not characterised by the absence of noise but for the presence of the right noise, this research intended to provide the local administration with results and proposals to transform this conflict area in a pleasant or quiet urban place. Main results came from important and significative differences in morning and evening characterisation, as great differences appear in soundscape assessment over the day and along the soundwalk path, indicating the importance of time and local issues to adequately characterised citizens perception to be considered by administration in the development of strategies and effective noise control actions.

INTANGIBLE HERITAGE AS A SOCIAL FACTOR OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN AREAS IN A SERVICE ECONOMY

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Светлана Хуснутдинова ◽  
Svetlana Khusnutdinova ◽  
Мария Сафонова ◽  
Mariya Safonova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
General Level ◽  
Intangible Cultural Heritage ◽  
Intangible Heritage ◽  
City Tourism ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to study the role of intangible cultural heritage in the development of modern urban areas. Modern cities are experiencing a transformational load associated with the transition from industry to the post-in- dustry – service industry comes on the place of the plants, and one of the leading sectors becomes tourism. Social and environmental factors on the one hand, reflect the general level of development of the city and, on the other hand, in a post-industrial economy are the main actors in the development of all areas, including city tourism. Intangible cultural heritage is seen as a social factor, the formation of which is related to the environment (natural- ecological spheres), and history of the city. Intangible cultural heritage serves as a catalyst for the creative economy and the events of the city, which in turn have a positive impact on city tourism. The city squares, streets, parks are becoming the immediate territorial areas, where the intangible cultural heritage are demonstrated to the citizens and tourists and their level of status, comfort and attractiveness depends largely on the implementation of the tourism potential of the intangible heritage. Cities skillfully combining the intangible heritage, creative industries, event and educational tourism receive an additional impulse for the development of city tourism and the whole economy of the city. The Republic of Tatarstan last decade is actively moving towards the formation of territorial attractive tourism product. Kazan has ranked among the leading cities of domestic tourism sector. Moreover, any tourism city is interested in attracting more tourists for longer periods, which is possible due to the diversity of the program in the city or region. Intangible cultural heritage can play an important role in solving this problem. In the article using the example of the three cities of the republic – Kazan, Chistopol and Elabuga – is shown as a combination of social factors, such as intangible cultural heritage, and natural factors can create an attractive tourism route. Publication of the article was supported by Russian Humanitarian Research Foundation and government of the Republic of Tatarstan as part of scientific project № 15–13–16004.

scholarly journals Spatial Assessment of Seasonal Changes in Pollution of the Air Ground Layer with Aerosol Particles in School Yards of Tiaret city (Algeria)

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Khadidja Naceur ◽  
Mhamed Maatoug ◽  
Lazreg Benaichata ◽  
S. А. Stankevich ◽  
O. V. Titarenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
The North ◽  
The City ◽  
North Western

According to the data obtained in the autumn-winter period, the excess of PM2.5 in air during the schoolday after a short stay by pupils in the school yards was 1.5 –2 times. The PM2.5 concentration in the autumn - winter period was up to 1.5 times higher than that of the spring – summer time. High concentrations of dust particles are observed in areas close to heavy traffic in winter in the South-Eastern part of the city. Low concentrations were recorded in the autumn-winter time in areas adjacent to forests in the North –Western part of the city of Tiaret. However, the protective function of forest stands in the spring – summer period in the North-Western part of the city of Tiaret is less evident. The need for introduction of several nature protection measures in the city is obvious. Among them: fuel quality control and fines for the use of low-grade fuel, increasing the density of trees and shrubs in the city in the areas uncovered by vegetation.

scholarly journals Directions and tendencies of migration of the population into urban areas of the republic of Srpska

2021 ◽  
Vol XXII (2021) ◽  
pp. 9-25
Author(s):  
Tanja Mišlicki Tomić ◽  
Vesna Rajcevic
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Internal Migrations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

This paper covers internal migrations in the Republic of Srpska, in the period 2007-2015 and their impact to urban and peri-urban development of urban areas of the Republic. Migration directions show a continuity of permanent abandonment of rural areas and settlement of urban and peri-urban areas of the Republic, also including the migrations (immigration) from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The scope of migrations has the trend of decrease as result of decrease in the rural population of the Republic of Srpska and its aging. Urban centres of the northern part of the Republic of Srpska (Banja Luka, Doboj, Bijeljina, Prijedor and Gradiška) have the largest scope of immigration, due to a number of attractive factors. In the southern part of the Republic, in the sub-Mediterranean area, the City of Trebinje is the main immigration area for the population of eastern Herzegovina, but also, more and more, for the population of the rest of the Republic of Srpska, as well for the wider regional environment. Spatial scope of research consists of eight cities in the Republic of Srpska, which defined the status of the city in the period from 1995 to 2019. Those cities are: Banjaluka, Bijeljina, Prijedor, Gradiška, Doboj, Istočno Sarajevo, Zvornik and Trebinje. The specificities in the territorial organization of the Republic of Srpska are the result of complex socio-political processes and the formation of the entity line of demarcation in post-war period (1992-1995), between the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republic of Srpska. Given the physiognomy of space and developmental processes, the Republic of Srpska has complex settlement function. In four urban areas, Istočno Sarajevo, Doboj, Zvornik and Trebinje, the settlements are divided by the entity line, which caused the migrations. In 2014, population migration was also affected by administrative separation of the municipality of Stanari from the Doboj city area. Due to the above mentioned, compared to other cities of the Republic, Doboj has the highest negative values of the migration balance in the observed period (2007-2016). Statistical data from the Federal Bureau of Statistics of BiH and the Republic Institute of the Republic of Srpska were used in research related to migrations, as well as other relevant statistical material produced in the period from 1991 to 2016. The key demographic indicators, internal migrations, immigration and emigration and migration balance were taken into consideration. In order to compare the research areas, data were prepared on the basis of demographic indicators. Conclusions on spatial integration of migration, as well as its direction, have been drawn based on internal migration, spatial distribution of population and change in number of inhabitants in urban and suburban settlements.

scholarly journals Hygienic assessment of learning environment conditions (by the example of higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa)

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Елена Юрьевна Горбаткова
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The City

Introduction. The important factors affecting health and performance of young people are the conditions of education, in particular, a comfortable microclimate in the classrooms of higher educational institutions. Materials and methods. In view of the urgency of this problem, an analysis was made of the microclimate parameters of educational organizations of different profiles (Ufa city, the Republic of Bashkortostan). 294 classrooms were studied in 22 buildings of 4 leading universities in Ufa. A total of 3,822 measurements were taken to determine the parameters of the microclimate. The analysis of ionizing radiation in the aerial environment of classrooms. There was performed determination of radon and its affiliated products content. In order to assess the conditions and lifestyle of students of 4 higher educational institutions of the city of Ufa, we conducted an anonymous survey of 1,820 students of I and IV years of education. Results. The average temperature in the classrooms of all universities studied was 23.9±0.09 C. The average relative humidity in all classrooms was 34.2 ± 0.42%. Analysis of ionizing radiation (radon and its daughter products decay) in the aerial environment of the classrooms and sports halls located in the basement determined that the average annual equivalent equilibrium volumetric activity of the radon daughter products (EROA ± Δ222Rn) ranged from 28 ± 14 to 69 ± 34.5 meter, which meets the requirements established by SanPiN. Conclusion. The hygienic assessment of the microclimate parameters of educational institutions of various profile revealed a number of deviations from the regulated norms. The results indicate the need to control the parameters of the microclimate, both from the administration of universities, and from the professors. According to the results of the study, recommendations were prepared for the management of higher educational institutions in Ufa.

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