Comparative ecological and physiological characteristics of Penicillium chrysogenum Thom 1910 strains found on the territory of Surgut

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Maria V. Mantrova
Keyword(s):  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Water Weed ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Carbon Nutrition ◽  
Radish Seedlings ◽  
Test Objects

The paper deals with ecological and physiological properties of four strains of the species Penicillium chrysogenum Thom 1910, taken on the territory of Surgut from soil, water and the surface of synthetic polymers, depending on the source of carbon nutrition and temperature. The author also considers phytotoxic properties of these strains in relation to several test objects. The cultural and morphological characteristics of the strains are similar to each other in places with sucrose, lactose, mannitol, starch and cellulose, and are variable in places with sorbitol and glycerol. The highest average values of the radial growth rate were recorded in places with alcohols sorbitol and glycerine. General cultural and morphological characteristics are typical for strains when cultivated in the same temperature regime; a low temperature of +5C contributes more to the growth of colonies than a high temperature of +37C, the optimal one is +25C; the obtained data confirm that P. chrysogenum belongs to mesophilic (psychrotolerant) species. All strains are toxic to radish seedlings; variably toxic to wheat seedlings, Canada water weed and duckweed and non-toxic to wheat and radish seeds. The obtained results can be used for studying the ecology of P. chrysogenum strains, as well as for identifying this species.

Isolation and characterization of endophytic Streptomyces sp. S5 with herbicidal activity from tomato roots

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu Zhi-Qi ◽  
Cao Li-Xiang ◽  
Tan Hong-Ming ◽  
Zhou Shi-Ning
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Streptomyces Lavendulae ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Tomato Roots ◽  
Endophytic Streptomyces

AbstractFifty-eight actinomycetes were isolated from surface-sterilized tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) roots and 43 isolates were screened for herbicidal activities. Isolate S5 was found to have potent herbicidal activity against germination of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), mung bean (Phaseolus radiatus L.) and grass (Paspalum notatum and Cynodon dactylon) seeds. But the metabolites of isolate S5 showed no influence on the growth of wheat seedlings. The S5 strain was identified as Streptomyces lavendulae var. glaucescens based on its morphological characteristics and physiological properties. The highest herbicidal activity was observed when 2% inocula were applied into S medium (containing 1% glucose, 0.3% beef extract and pH 7.0) and incubated at 25°C on a rotary shaker (160 rpm).

scholarly journals Lagenidium callinectes INFECTION ON ROTIFERS Brachionus sp.

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Des Roza ◽  
Fris Johnny
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Fungus Infection ◽  
Chanos Chanos ◽  
Carbon Nutrition

Milkfish, Chanos chanos and humpback grouper, Cromileptes altivelis hatcheries have developed at Gondol, Bali since 1995 and until now still rely on rotifers, the main natural food, supply. Recent problem on mass culture of rotifer, Brachionus sp. is harvest failure caused by fungus infection. Under light microscope, infected eggs and bodies of the rotifers was filled with numerous aseptate hyphae. Two isolates of fungi were isolated from rotifer eggs and carcass on June 21st, 2004 and on June 25th, 2004 obtained from milkfish and humpback grouper hatcheries at Gondol. Based on its morphological characteristics, the pathogenic fungus was identified as Lagenidium callinectes which grows optimally at 25°C and survives in 1.0%, 2.5%, and 5.0% NaCl as well as in 1.0% and 2.5% KCl. Both of the present isolates utilize only 8 out of 26 carbohydrates and derivatives tested as carbon, nutrition and energy sources. This finding is the first report on rotifer, Brachionus sp. infected with L. callinectes causing up to 100% mortality.

scholarly journals Identification of biological characteristics and prelimilary research on genetic transformation of the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum originated from Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Xuan Tao ◽  
Tran Van Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungus ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Antibiotic Production ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Resistance Marker ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
National University

Penicillium chrysogenum is a well-known filamentous fungus for production of penicillin and some valuable secondary metabolites. In this study, we indicated that two strains VTCC-F1170 and VTCC-F1172 identified as P. chrysogenum, which are preserved at Vietnam Type Culture Collection (VTCC) of Vietnam National University Hanoi, exhibited the ability of antibiotic production to inhibit the tested bacterium Staphylococcus aureus on the agar plates by diffusion assays. Additional analyses of the morphological characteristics and the rDNA ITS (internal transcribed spacer) sequence confirmed that the identification of both strains as P. chrysogenum was completely accurate. These important evidences guaranteed that the fungal strains are reliable for the researches on genetic engineering of P. chrysogenum. Experimental assays of antibiotic susceptibility showed that the growth of both strains VTCC-F1170 and VTCC-F1172 was completely inhibited by nourseothricin at 50 μg/ml and phleomycin at 150 μg/ml. Using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation method, we have succesfully transferred the nourseothricin resistance marker into the genome of the VTCC-F1170 strain.  

scholarly journals Genetic variations among the isolates of Bipolaris Maydis based on phenotypic and molecular markers

2024 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nadeem ◽  
S. Hussain ◽  
A. Fareed ◽  
M. Fahim ◽  
T. Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Bipolaris Maydis ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Major Cluster ◽  
Minimum Genetic Distance

Abstract Maydis leaf blight, caused by Bipolaris maydis, is an important disease of maize crop in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Pakistan. Fifteen isolates of the pathogen, collected across KP, were studied for variability based on phenotypic and molecular markers. Significant variability among the isolates was observed when assessed using phenotypic traits such as radial growth, spore concentration, fungicide sensitivity and virulence. The isolates were classified into six culture groups based on colour, texture and margins of the colony. Conidial morphology was also variable. These were either straight or slightly curved and light to dark brown in colour. Fungicide test showed significant variation in the degree of sensitivity against Carbendazim. Isolate Bm8 exhibited maximum radial growth on carbendazim spiked plates. Conversely, isolate Bm15 showed the lowest radial growth. Variations in virulence pattern of the isolates were evident when a susceptible maize variety Azam was inoculated with spores of B. maydis. Genetic variability amongst the isolates was also estimated by RAPD as well as sequencing of ITS region. The RAPD dendrogram grouped all the isolates into two major clusters. Average genetic distance ranged from 0.6% to 100%, indicating a diverse genetic gap among the isolates. Maximum genetic distance was found between isolates Bm9 and Bm10 as well as Bm2 and Bm8. Conversely, isolates Bm13 and Bm15 were at minimum genetic distance. Phylogenetic dendrogram based on sequencing of ITS region grouped all the isolates into a single major cluster. The clusters in both the dendrogram neither correlate to the geographical distribution nor to the morphological characteristics.

scholarly journals Evidence of Microdochium Fungi Associated with Cereal Grains in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Yu. Gagkaeva ◽  
Aleksandra S. Orina ◽  
Olga P. Gavrilova ◽  
Nadezhda N. Gogina
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
First Record ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Toxic Metabolites ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Regions Of Russia

In total, 46 Microdochium strains from five different geographic regions of Russia were explored with respect to genetic diversity, morphology, and secondary metabolites. Based on the results of PCR, 59% and 28% of the strains were identified as M. nivale and M. majus, respectively. As a result of sequencing four genome regions, namely ITS, LSU, BTUB, and RPB2 (2778 bp), five genetically and phenotypically similar strains from Western Siberia were identified as M. seminicola, which, according to our findings, is the prevalent Microdochium species in this territory. This is the first record of M. seminicola in Russia. Attempts were made to distinguish between Microdochium species and to identify species-specific morphological characteristics in the anamorph and teleomorph stages and physiological properties. We examined the occurrence frequency of conidia with different numbers of septa in the strains of Microdochium. The predominance of three-septate macroconidia in M. majus was higher than that in M. nivale and typically exceeded 60% occurrence. Most M. majus and M. nivale strains formed walled protoperithecia on wheat stems. Only three strains of M. majus and one strain each of M. nivale and M. seminicola produced mature perithecia. The growth rate of M. seminicola strains was significantly lower on agar media at 5–25 °C than those of M. majus and M. nivale strains. Multimycotoxin analysis by HPLC-MS/MS revealed that the strains of three Microdochium species did not produce any toxic metabolites.

scholarly journals Comparative study of fungal stability between Metarhizium strains after successive subculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana H. M. Hussien ◽  
Said M. Ezzat ◽  
Ali A. El Sheikh ◽  
James W. D. Taylor ◽  
Tariq M. Butt
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Successive Subculture

Abstract Background Metarhizium species are considered one of the most outstanding powerful biological control agents that have been commercialized as biopesticides against various agricultural pests. Fungal stability with successive in vitro cultivation is a desirable trait for a large-scale production of fungal biopesticide. Main body The new Egyptian strain Metarhizium anisopliae AUMC 3262 exhibited auspicious results when compared to Metarhizium brunneum ARSEF 4556 and M. brunneum V275 based on the variations of fungal characteristics, and essential quality control parameters (radial growth rate, conidial yield, viability, and virulence) after repeated in vitro subculturing. Changes in morphological characteristics were noted at both AUMC 3262 and ARSEF 4556. Following the 5th subculture, decreased conidial yield was noted, though radial growth remained stable, confirming that there is a non-positive correlation between conidial yield and radial growth rate for these species. In contrast, V275 showed a high morphological stability, conidial yield, and radial growth rate after repeated subculture. The three tested strains manifested high viability up to 100% and displayed the same pattern of Pr1 production. A slight variation was recorded in the median lethal time (LT50) values against the great wax moth, Galleria mellonella (L.), larvae between different subcultures of the tested Metarhizium strains. Conclusion The new Egyptian strain AUMC 3262 showed a high stability with a slight difference in some parameters after the successive subculture compared to both ARSEF4556 and V275.

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