scholarly journals A Unique Manuscript of the Shibanid Epoch from the Fund of the Center of the Written Heritage of Tajikistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-132
Author(s):  
Lola N. Dodkhudoeva
Keyword(s):  
Political Power ◽  
Political History ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Ideological Struggle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The City

The article introduces the results of a preliminary study of the unique work, the Manaqib al-khulafa (The Virtues/Excellences of the Caliphs) compiled by Qawam ad-Din Muhammad al-Husaini alSanaujiradi al-Ziyaratgahi al-Harawi in 997/1588. This is a response to the protest message of the Shiites of Herat, who survived the siege and capture of the city by the Sunnis the Shibanid troops. The Manaqib recreates the early stages of the history of Islam before the split caused by the difference in the understanding of principles of the supreme political power (elective or hereditary) transfer and reveals the virtues of the four righteous caliphs. Fragments of the Quran and hadiths cited in the treatise present irrefutable evidence of the Sunnis superiority over Shiism. The treatise is an excellent example of polemical literature of bitter ideological struggle between two orthodoxies Sunni and Shiite and contains valuable information on the religious and political history of Eurasia in the premodern period.

Prologue

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Michael A. Gomez
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Political Power ◽  
The State ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
City State ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This prologue provides an overview of the history of early and medieval West Africa. During this period, the rise of Islam, the relationship of women to political power, the growth and influence of the domestically enslaved, and the invention and evolution of empire were all unfolding. In contrast to notions of an early Africa timeless and unchanging in its social and cultural categories and conventions, here was a western Savannah and Sahel that from the third/ninth through the tenth/sixteenth centuries witnessed political innovation as well as the evolution of such mutually constitutive categories as race, slavery, ethnicity, caste, and gendered notions of power. By the period's end, these categories assume significations not unlike their more contemporary connotations. All of these transformations were engaged with the apparatus of the state and its progression from the city-state to the empire. The transition consistently featured minimalist notions of governance replicated by successive dynasties, providing a continuity of structure as a mechanism of legitimization. Replication had its limits, however, and would ultimately prove inadequate in addressing unforeseen challenges.

Land Rent, Peasant Migration, and Political Power in Yao Cun, 1911–1937

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Thaxton
Keyword(s):  
Political Power ◽  
Political History ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Modern China ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Village

In April of 1980 I was received by the Henan Province History Research Institute of the Henan Province Chinese Academy of Social Sciences to begin the first systematic oral political history project on peasant revolution in modern China. The focus of this project is on the problems of livelihood faced by the peasants of Lin county and several other counties in the pre-Liberation period, roughly 1911–49. In May I began an investigation of the history of rural Lin county and the village of Yao Cun, Lin county, Henan. In this essay I will sketch the general social and political history of Yao village in Republican years, and then draw from my preliminary field research to explain the relationship between land rent, the impoverishment of peasant smallholders, and political power in pre-Liberation China in one North China village. This relationship has received minimal emphasis in the literature on peasantry and change in pre-1949 China. One of the many reasons for this has been the tendency of past scholarship to stress the critically important role of the ‘middle peasant village’ in the Chinese revolution. The evidence from Yao cun offers a slight qualification of this middle peasant thesis.

For Ireland’s Cause

2018 ◽  
pp. 109-132
Author(s):  
Millington W. Bergeson-Lockwood
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
American Revolution ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
Mutual Support ◽  
White Racism ◽  
Shared History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

This chapter examines the successful formation of black and Irish politics coalitions in the city. It argues that interethnic coalition building was important for attaining political power and that black and Irish residents came together over ideas of a shared history of oppression, mutual support for Democratic politics, and their remembrance of sacrifice during the American Revolution. This chapter belies the assumption that Irish political power was antagonistic to the goals of African Americans or that Boston’s Irish founded political strength by wholly embracing white racism.

Dreaming dialectically: The death and life of the Mexico City charter for the right to the city

Urban Studies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2064-2079
Author(s):  
Ben Gerlofs
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Political History ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Henri Lefebvre ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

This article investigates the conceptual and political history of the right to the city in Mexico City from the late 1980s to the present, focusing especially on the Mexico City Charter for the Right to the City completed and endorsed by leading political figures in 2010. By grounding this investigation in the dialectical methods of Henri Lefebvre, the article builds on roughly 12 months of ethnographic and archival fieldwork in Mexico City to argue that all such instantiations of the right to the city are bound to commit a certain violence against the idea. What the Mexico City case also suggests, however, is that such a dialectical concept is also always radically open to revivification and reimagining, as exemplified by the return of the right to the city in Mexico City’s 2017 constitution. Analysing the right to the city and its attendant politics and history from this vantage allows two crucial and underappreciated insights to emerge from this case: that the right to the city can be and sometimes is pursued under alternative auspices, and that any apparent stasis, even political death, is best considered temporary and mutable.

The Similarities and Differences of Migraine with Aura and Migraine Without Aura: A Preliminary Study

Cephalalgia ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Ranson ◽  
H Igarashi ◽  
EA MacGregor ◽  
M Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Migraine Attack ◽  
Migraine With Aura ◽  
Migraine Without Aura ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
City Of London ◽  
The City

A preliminary study was undertaken to provide clinical evidence to support the hypothesis that: “Migraine with aura, migraine without aura and aura alone are the same condition, which differ in degree rather than pathophysiology.” At the City of London Migraine Clinic, 50 patients consecutively attending the clinic with a past or present history of migraine with aura were questioned. Of the 50 patients questioned 36 (70%) had a combination of migraine with aura, migraine without aura and/or aura alone; i.e. 70% had had more than one type of migraine attack. The duration, severity and frequency of attacks did not differ between migraine with and migraine without aura. Conclusion-the results support the hypothesis that migraine with and migraine without aura, and aura alone are not separate conditions, because: (1) most patients suffer from more than one type of migraine attack; (2) there are no significant differences in the characteristics of the migraine attacks in the different groups; (3) there are no significant differences in the characteristics of the subjects.

scholarly journals Coins of Andraba city -Study in the history of the political city-: مسكوكات مدينة أَنْدَرابَة -دراسة في تاريخ المدينة السياسي-

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hassan Suhail
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Political History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
Abbasid Caliphate ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Silver Metal

  In the Islamic era through the inscription of  he economic and political history of the city Andiraba  of the  Code of money multiplied by the city's historical information codified for the first time did not record it contemporary historical sources, the study showed that the city rotation on its local families governor the authority of the 'Abbasid caliphate under the supervision of the samanid principality that ruled the territory  is an important financial center in Andiraba what is behind the river period (261-389e/874-998m),the city  of  Islamic era, where it mines silver metal silver center Lasik dirhams in the territory of the Islamic East without the money to the princes of the city and the dates of their judgment as well as the names of the rulers of the Islamic Emirates that ruled the Islamic East in the Middle Ages     

scholarly journals El travestismo de Penteo en los rituales dionisíacos = Pentheus’ travestism in Dionysian rituals

2019 ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Domingo Plácido Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Resumen: Bacantes de Eurípides resume en cierto modo la historia de la tragedia. Los rituales más primitivos se incorporan en la figura de Penteo y el travestismo. En Tiresias y Cadmo se impone la visión civilizada con que el ritual se incorpora en la ciudad de Atenas.Ello se puede explicar al insertar la obra en las prácticas religiosas propias de los festivales dionisíacos y el proceso experimentado por ellos en la historia cultural y política de Atenas, que los obliga a interesarse por las vicisitudes propias de las preocupaciones cívicas de la democracia.Abstract: Euripides’s Bachhae contains to some extent the history of tragedy. The rituals most primitive are incorporated in the person of Pentheus and travestism. In Tiresias and Cadmus is imposed the civilized vision with the ritual that is incorporated in the city of Athens.This can be explained by inserting the work in the religious practices characteristic of the Dionysian festivals and the process experienced by them in the cultural and political history of Athens, which forces them to deal with the vicissitudes of the civic concerns of democracy.Palabras clave: Atenas, Bacantes, Eurípides, Penteo, ritual dionisiaco, travestismo.Key words: Athens, Bachhae, Dionysian ritual, Euripides, Pentheus, travestism.

scholarly journals XXVIII.—Notes on the Discoveries of Roman Remains which have taken place at various times in London

Archaeologia ◽  
1864 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-502
Author(s):  
William Tite
Keyword(s):  
Real Character ◽  
The Real ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Open Question ◽  
The City

Whatsoever may have been the real character of the Edifices of Roman London —that most unsettled and open question—it seems to be an indisputable fact, that there must have been within the city many dwellings in which were to be found ornamental pavements, varying in character and beauty, perfection and intention—no less than in the difference of the localities in which they have been brought to light. There was once in the history of the metropolis, a wonderful opportunity for ascertaining what Genuine Reliques of Londinium really existed in London: but at that unparalleled time the exigency of rebuilding a ruined city was so pressing, and the taste and understanding for antiquities so exceedingly limited and low, that almost nothing was done in respect of their discovery, their record, or their preservation. In all these particulars Dr. Woodward, John Strype, Thomas Hearne, and John Bagford, were Antiquaries incomparably in advance of their age; notwithstanding all the want of knowledge and the countless mistakes which may be charged upon them by their successors, whom they have really instructed.

Pisa

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Wickham
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Political History ◽  
The Political ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
Civic Pride ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The City ◽  
Real City

This chapter examines the development of the city commune in Pisa. Pisa had one of the earliest established communes in all of Italy, with the years around 1110 as the most likely period for its crystallization. Commerce was important in the city by the twelfth century. The chapter first considers the Pisans' civic pride before discussing the political history of the city in the period between around 1060 and 1130, showing that Pisa was run by a collective assembly known as a colloquium. It then discusses the first appearance of Pisa's consuls as real city representatives in 1109, along with the growing centrality of the communal polity. It also describes Pisa's military experiences, the stability of its ruling elite, and some families that played important roles in the affairs of the commune.

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