Onland and Offshore Extrinsic Fabry–Pérot Optical Seismometer at the End of a Long Fiber

ABSTRACT We report here the design, performance, and in situ demonstration, on‐land and offshore, of an innovative high‐resolution low‐cost optical (laser) seismometer. The instrument was developed within the Laser Interferometry for Earth Strain project (French Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR] program), and first tested at the low‐noise underground laboratory Laboratoire Souterrain à Bas Bruit (LSBB, France). It is based on Fabry–Pérot optical interferometry between the extremity of a probing optical fiber and a reflecting mirror secured to the mobile mass of a passive 2 Hz geophone. The detection technique is based on the wavelength modulation of the laser diode (1310 nm), which allows the separation of the optical power into two signals in quadrature, thanks to an heterodyne technique. The relative displacement of the mobile mass is retrieved in real time by the phase unwrapping of these two signals. At LSBB, the fiber was 3 km long. It recorded many teleseismic earthquakes and a few regional ones, and resolves the low‐seismic noise of the Earth for periods up to 6 s, presenting an acceleration noise floor lower than 1 ng/Hz in the 0.3–5 Hz range. A three‐component version of this fiber‐based interferometric 2 Hz geophone has been recently constructed, shielded in a hyperbaric container, and installed offshore for test in Brittany (France) in April 2018, with an improved control system. Its record of the marine ambient noise matches those of a collocated commercial broadband seismometer for periods up to 50 s. This opens promising perspectives for large‐scale ocean bottom instrumentation with up to 50‐kilometer‐long optical lines; an installation is planned for 2020, off Guadeloupe, with a 5‐kilometer‐long fiber cable. It may also prove useful for installations in other challenging and exposed environments, such as deep hot boreholes, active volcanoes, unstable landslides, for real‐time monitoring in regions with high natural hazard, but also for seismic monitoring of geoindustries.

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Low-Cost IoT Remote Sensor Mesh for Large-Scale Orchard Monitorization

Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks ◽

10.3390/jsan9030044 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Leonor Varandas ◽

João Faria ◽

Pedro Gaspar ◽

Martim Aguiar

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Large Scale ◽

Low Cost ◽

Experimental Tests ◽

Remote Measurement ◽

Land Protection ◽

Remote Monitoring System ◽

Solar Powered ◽

The Individual ◽

System Nodes

Population growth and climate change lead agricultural cultures to face environmental degradation and rising of resistant diseases and pests. These conditions result in reduced product quality and increasing risk of harmful toxicity to human health. Thus, the prediction of the occurrence of diseases and pests and the consequent avoidance of the erroneous use of phytosanitary products will contribute to improving food quality and safety and environmental land protection. This study presents the design and construction of a low-cost IoT sensor mesh that enables the remote measurement of parameters of large-scale orchards. The developed remote monitoring system transmits all monitored data to a central node via LoRaWAN technology. To make the system nodes fully autonomous, the individual nodes were designed to be solar-powered and to require low energy consumption. To improve the user experience, a web interface and a mobile application were developed, which allow the monitored information to be viewed in real-time. Several experimental tests were performed in an olive orchard under different environmental conditions. The results indicate an adequate precision and reliability of the system and show that the system is fully adequate to be placed in remote orchards located at a considerable distance from networks, being able to provide real-time parameters monitoring of both tree and the surrounding environment.

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Fast and low-cost detection of SARS-CoV-2 peptides by tandem mass spectrometry in clinical samples

10.21203/rs.3.rs-28883/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Karina Helena Morais Cardozo ◽

Adriana Lebkuchen ◽

Guilherme Goncalves Okai ◽

Rodrigo Andrade Schuch ◽

Luciana Godoy Viana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Large Scale ◽

Low Cost ◽

Large Population ◽

Virus Detection ◽

Standard Test ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽

Fast Processing

Abstract The current outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome associated with coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is pressing public health systems around the world, and large population testing is a key step to control this pandemic disease. Real-time reverse-transcription PCR (real-time RT-PCR) is the gold standard test for virus detection but the soaring demand for this test resulted in shortage of reagents and instruments, severely limiting its applicability to large-scale screening. To be used either as an alternative, or as a complement, to real-time RT-PCR testing, we developed a high-throughput targeted proteomics assay to detect SARS-CoV-2 proteins directly from clinical respiratory tract samples. Sample preparation was fully automated by using a modified magnetic particle-based proteomics approach implemented on a robotic liquid handler, enabling a fast processing of samples. The use of turbulent flow chromatography included four times multiplexed on-line sample cleanup and UPLC separation. MS/MS detection of three peptides from SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein and a 15N-labeled internal global standard was achieved within 2.5 min, enabling the analysis of more than 500 samples per day. The method was validated using 562 specimens previously analyzed by real-time RT-PCR and was able to detect over 83% of positive cases. No interference was found with samples from common respiratory viruses, including other coronaviruses (NL63, OC43, HKU1, and 229E). The strategy here presented has high sample stability and low cost and should be considered as an option to large population testing.

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Vertical MEMS Resonators for Real-Time Clock Applications

Journal of Sensors ◽

10.1155/2010/362439 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2010 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Pomarico ◽

A. Morea ◽

P. Flora ◽

G. Roselli ◽

E. Lasalandra

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

High Performance ◽

Large Scale ◽

Low Cost ◽

Frequency Stability ◽

Equivalent Resistance ◽

Real Time Clock ◽

Mems Resonator ◽

Mems Resonators ◽

Frequency Tunable

MEMS resonators are today widely investigated as a desirable alternative to quartz resonators in real-time clock applications, because of their low-cost, integration capability properties. Nevertheless, MEMS resonators performances are still not competitive, especially in terms of frequency stability and device equivalent resistance (and, then, power consumption). We propose a new structure for a MEMS resonator, with a vertical-like transduction mechanism, which exhibits promising features. The vertical resonator can be fabricated with the low-cost, high performance THELMA technology, and it is designed to be efficiently frequency tunable. With respect to the commonly investigated lateral resonators, it is expected to have lower equivalent resistances and improved large-scale repeatability characteristics.

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Low-Cost Real-Time 3D Reconstruction of Large-Scale Excavation Sites

Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage ◽

10.1145/2770877 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Zollhöfer ◽

C. Siegl ◽

M. Vetter ◽

B. Dreyer ◽

M. Stamminger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Reconstruction ◽

Real Time ◽

Large Scale ◽

Low Cost

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Quasi real-time electromagnetic and greenhouse gases monitoring station at Seymour - Marambio Island, Antarctica

Czech Polar Reports ◽

10.5817/cpr2021-1-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Juan Manuel Solano ◽

Carlos Alberto Vargas ◽

Adriana Maria Gulisano

Keyword(s):

Greenhouse Gases ◽

Real Time ◽

Time Synchronization ◽

Global Climate ◽

Low Cost ◽

Low Noise ◽

Tectonic Activity ◽

Regional Tectonic ◽

Electromagnetic Signals ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2

A new permanent geophysical station was installed in the Seymour-Marambio Island, Antarctica, for monitoring electromagnetic, CO2, and CH4 gas signals. Those signals require specialized low noise instruments and the survey shall be carried out in places far away from cultural noise, such as populated human settlements. The most suitable place would be near the Earth's poles, where noise is the lowest possible. To measure these variables, the Geophysical Instrumentation Laboratory (Laboratorio de Instrumentación Geofísica - LIG) of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, in a partnership with the Instituto Antártico Argentino (IAA) under the Argentinean National Antarctic Direction (Dirección Nacional del Antártico - DNA), deployed the COCOAonMEAT project, oriented to design, built and install a low-cost station with time synchronization via GPS and data transmission in almost real-time. Since January 2020, the project monitors continuously (24/7) seven variables: three magnetic components, two electric dipoles, methane (CH4), and carbon dioxide (CO2) gas. Due to operative facilities and its low electromagnetic noise, the place chosen for its installation was the Argentinean Marambio Scientific Base in the Antarctic Peninsula, with the Multidisciplinary Antarctic Laboratory's collaboration (Laboratorio Multidisciplinario Antártico en la Base Marambio - LAMBI). This station provides valuable information on electromagnetic signals and greenhouse gases related to regional tectonic activity and local perturbations associated with global climate change.

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Fast and low-cost detection of SARS-CoV-2 peptides by tandem mass spectrometry in clinical samples

10.21203/rs.3.rs-28883/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Karina Helena Morais Cardozo ◽

Adriana Lebkuchen ◽

Guilherme Goncalves Okai ◽

Rodrigo Andrade Schuch ◽

Luciana Godoy Viana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Large Scale ◽

Low Cost ◽

Large Population ◽

Virus Detection ◽

Standard Test ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽

Fast Processing

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The development of real-time communication network based on Zigbee and Ethernet for Photovoltaic systems

Science and Technology Development Journal ◽

10.32508/stdj.v17i1.1265 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 5-15

Author(s):

Dung Quoc Phan ◽

Dat Ngoc Dao ◽

Hiep Chi Le

Keyword(s):

Communication Network ◽

Real Time ◽

High Speed ◽

Large Scale ◽

Low Cost ◽

Photovoltaic System ◽

Solar Inverter ◽

Ethernet Controller ◽

Controller Board ◽

High Level

In a large system with a lot of distribution solar sources which are all connected to the national grid, a communication system becomes the important part for data acquisition in order to control the whole system stable and efficiency. To deal with this challenge, this paper presents a solution based on Zigbee and Ethernet communication standard. Zigbee standard was created to be a specification of a high level wireless communication protocol which is not only secure, reliable, simple but also low cost and low power. With Zigbee, we can create a communication network for hundreds to thousands of mini solar sources in a large scale of photovoltaic system. Ethernet is a high speed wired communication technology that is used widely in industrial and automatic applications. Together Zigbee and Ethernet bring to us a real-time communication solution for the system. In the experiment prototype of this paper, we use the CC2530ZNP-Mini Kit to create a simple network includes one coordinate and one end device for the first step. The end device was configured to get current and voltage values from a 3-phase grid-connected solar inverter 800Wpk and then sends the values to the coordinate. After the coordinate received data, it would send them to an Ethernet controller board. To display the data through Ethernet, we embedded a web server on the Ethernet controller board. By this way, the data was easy to visualize and supervised by using any web browser.

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Low-Cost Distributed Acoustic Sensor Network for Real-Time Urban Sound Monitoring

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics9122119 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 2119

Author(s):

Ester Vidaña-Vila ◽

Joan Navarro ◽

Cristina Borda-Fortuny ◽

Dan Stowell ◽

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Sensor Network ◽

Large Scale ◽

Learning Algorithm ◽

Low Cost ◽

Individual Performance ◽

Sound Recognition ◽

Continuous Exposure ◽

Acoustic Sensor ◽

Deep Learning Algorithm

Continuous exposure to urban noise has been found to be one of the major threats to citizens’ health. In this regard, several organizations are devoting huge efforts to designing new in-field systems to identify the acoustic sources of these threats to protect those citizens at risk. Typically, these prototype systems are composed of expensive components that limit their large-scale deployment and thus reduce the scope of their measurements. This paper aims to present a highly scalable low-cost distributed infrastructure that features a ubiquitous acoustic sensor network to monitor urban sounds. It takes advantage of (1) low-cost microphones deployed in a redundant topology to improve their individual performance when identifying the sound source, (2) a deep-learning algorithm for sound recognition, (3) a distributed data-processing middleware to reach consensus on the sound identification, and (4) a custom planar antenna with an almost isotropic radiation pattern for the proper node communication. This enables practitioners to acoustically populate urban spaces and provide a reliable view of noises occurring in real time. The city of Barcelona (Spain) and the UrbanSound8K dataset have been selected to analytically validate the proposed approach. Results obtained in laboratory tests endorse the feasibility of this proposal.

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Smart Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Technologies (SEMAT)—A New Paradigm for Low-Cost, Remote Aquatic Environmental Monitoring

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s18072248 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 2248 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jarrod Trevathan ◽

Ron Johnstone

Keyword(s):

Environmental Monitoring ◽

Real Time ◽

Large Scale ◽

Low Cost ◽

Waste Recycling ◽

Data Management System ◽

New Paradigm ◽

Analysis And Design ◽

Systems Analysis And Design ◽

Open Standard

Expense and the logistical difficulties with deploying scientific monitoring equipment are the biggest limitations to undertaking large scale monitoring of aquatic environments. The Smart Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Technologies (SEMAT) project is aimed at addressing this problem by creating an open standard for low-cost, near real-time, remote aquatic environmental monitoring systems. This paper presents the latest refinement of the SEMAT system in-line with the evolution of existing technologies, inexpensive sensors and environmental monitoring expectations. We provide a systems analysis and design of the SEMAT remote monitoring units and the back-end data management system. The system’s value is augmented through a unique e-waste recycling and repurposing model which engages/educates the community in the production of the SEMAT units using social enterprise. SEMAT serves as an open standard for the community to innovate around to further the state of play with low-cost environmental monitoring. The latest SEMAT units have been trialled in a peri-urban lake setting and the results demonstrate the system’s capabilities to provide ongoing data in near real-time to validate an environmental model of the study site.

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Real-time, selective, and low-cost detection of trace level SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein for cold-chain food quarantine

npj Science of Food ◽

10.1038/s41538-021-00094-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jian Zhang ◽

Xin Fang ◽

Yu Mao ◽

Haochen Qi ◽

Jayne Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Large Scale ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Low Cost ◽

Spike Protein ◽

Cold Chain ◽

Trace Level ◽

Interdigitated Microelectrode ◽

The Cost ◽

Virus Survival

AbstractDue to the friendly temperature for virus survival, SARS-CoV-2 is frequently found in cold-chain foods, posing a serious threat to public health. Utilizing an interdigitated microelectrode chip modified with an antibody probe and integrating dielectrophoresis enrichment with interfacial capacitance sensing, a strategy is presented for the detection of trace level spike-protein from SARS-CoV-2. It achieves a limit of detection as low as 2.29 × 10−6 ng/mL in 20 s, with a wide linear range of 10−5–10−1 ng/mL and a selectivity of 234:1. The cost for a single test can be controlled to ~1 dollar. This strategy provides a competitive solution for real-time, sensitive, selective, and large-scale application in cold-chain food quarantine.

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