Future water risks in reviewed countries in the absence of adaptation action

Global sustainability goals cannot realistically be achieved without strategies that build on multiscale definitions of risks to wellbeing. Particularly in geographic contexts experiencing rapid and complex social and environmental changes, there is a growing need to empower communities to realize self-identified adaptation goals that address self-identified risks. Meeting this demand requires tools that can help assess shared understandings about the needs for, and barriers to, positive change. This study explores consensus about risks and uncertainties in adjacent boroughs grappling with rapid social–ecological transformations in northern Alaska. The Northwest Arctic and North Slope boroughs, like the rest of the Arctic, are coping with a climate that is warming twice as fast as in other regions. The boroughs are predominantly inhabited by Iñupiat people, for whom the region is ancestral grounds, whose livelihoods are still supported by subsistence activities, and whose traditional tribal governance has been weakened through multiple levels of governing bodies and institutions. Drawing on extensive workshop discussions and survey experiments conducted with residents of the two boroughs, we developed a model of the northern Alaska region’s social–ecological system and its drivers of change. Using cultural consensus analysis, we gauged the extent of consensus across the boroughs about what key risks threaten the sustainability of their communities. Though both boroughs occupy vast swaths of land, each with their own resource, leadership, and management challenges, we found strong consensus around how risks that impact the sustainability of communities are evaluated and prioritized. Our results further confirmed that rapid and complex changes are creating high levels of uncertainties for community planners in both boroughs. We discuss the mobilizing potential of risk consensus toward collective adaptation action in the civic process of policy making. We note the contribution of cultural consensus analysis as a tool for cross-scale learning in areas coping with rapid environmental changes and complex social challenges.

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On Using Multiple Disabilities Profiles to Adapt Multimedia Documents

International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering ◽

10.4018/ijitwe.2020070103 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 34-60

Author(s):

Asma Saighi ◽

Zakaria Laboudi ◽

Philippe Roose ◽

Sébastien Laborie ◽

Nassira Ghoualmi-Zine

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Mobile Device ◽

Multiple Disabilities ◽

Multimedia Content ◽

Multimedia Documents ◽

Physical Handicap ◽

Multiple User ◽

User Context ◽

Adaptation Action ◽

Context Constraints

Currently, advanced technological hardware can offer mobile devices which fits in the hand with a capacity to consult documents at anytime and anywhere. Multiple user context constraints as well as mobile device capabilities may involve the adaptation of multimedia content. In this article, the authors propose a new graph-based method for adapting multimedia documents in complex situations. Each contextual situation could correspond to a physical handicap and therefore triggers an adaptation action using ontological reasoning. Consequently, when several contextual situations are identified, this leads to multiple disabilities and may give rise to inconsistency between triggered actions. Their method allows modeling relations between adaptation-actions to select the compatible triggerable ones. In order to evaluate the feasibility and the performance of their proposal, an experimental study has been made on some real scenarios. When tested and compared with some existing approaches, their proposal showed improvements according to various criteria.

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Plus ça change, plus c’est la même chose: Adaptation in the Paris Agreement

India Quarterly A Journal of International Affairs ◽

10.1177/0974928416672021 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 72 (4) ◽

pp. 330-342 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Vikrom Mathur ◽

Aniruddh Mohan

Keyword(s):

Global Climate ◽

Paris Agreement ◽

Legal Form ◽

Global Response ◽

Vulnerable Communities ◽

Climate Action ◽

Global Agreement ◽

Adaptation Action ◽

Developed Nations ◽

Adaptation And Mitigation

Global climate policy till date has focused on building consensus around a differentiated roadmap for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Equally important yet receiving less attention is the need to support adaptation of the most vulnerable communities to the increasingly severe impacts of climatic changes. The Paris Agreement, negotiated at the 21st COP in December 2015, ‘stitches up’ national contributions on adaptation and mitigation into a global agreement. This article first reviews the adaptation components of the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) submitted by developed, emerging and least developed nations. Second, we examine how adaptation and the related themes of loss and damage have been dealt with in the Paris Agreement in terms of: global goal, legal form, review mechanisms and financing arrangements. Finally, we look at the possibility of evolving new arrangements and opportunities for strengthening global response to adaptation by drawing on references to human rights and climate justice in the Paris Agreement. We contend that the global response cannot be relegated to action by individual nations—partly and loosely supported by global financial and technological flows. The Paris Agreement has made significant steps in raising the importance of adaptation vis-à-vis mitigation in climate action but a lot of work remains to be done. In a sense, the top-down elements of adaptation action reflect long held negotiating positions and the skepticism of developed nations with respect to adaptation. For the post-Paris climate regime to be legitimate and earn the trust of developing nations, it must focus equally on adaptation and mitigation and address the special needs of vulnerable communities across the world.

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A rising tide of adaptation action: Comparing two coastal regions of Aotearoa-New Zealand

Climate Risk Management ◽

10.1016/j.crm.2020.100244 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 100244

Author(s):

Paul Schneider ◽

Judy Lawrence ◽

Bruce Glavovic ◽

Emma Ryan ◽

Paula Blackett

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Coastal Regions ◽

Aotearoa New Zealand ◽

Adaptation Action

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Vulnerability Visualization to Support Adaptation to Heat and Floods: Towards the EXTRA Interactive Tool in Norrköping, Sweden

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12031179 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 1179

Author(s):

Tomasz Opach ◽

Erik Glaas ◽

Mattias Hjerpe ◽

Carlo Navarra

Keyword(s):

Primary Schools ◽

Climate Adaptation ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Strategic Decisions ◽

Adaptation Measures ◽

Governance Capacity ◽

Local Climate ◽

Climate Risks ◽

Digital Environments ◽

Adaptation Action

Municipal actors are increasingly expected to consider climate adaptation in operative and strategic work. Here, digital environments can support strategic decisions and planning through visual representations of local climate risks and vulnerabilities. This study targets visualization of vulnerability to heat and floods as a means of supporting adaptation action in preschools, primary schools, caring units, and municipal residential buildings in Norrköping, Sweden. Workshops with sector leaders identified vulnerability indicators used as a basis for collecting, calculating and representing self-assessed vulnerability of individual units and buildings. Informed by user inputs, a map-based interactive visual tool representing resulting vulnerability scores and risk maps was developed to support (1) planners and sector leaders in strategic prioritization and investments, and (2) unit heads in identifying adaptation measures to reduce local flood and heat risks. The tool was tested with adaptation coordinators from targeted sectors. The study finds that the tool made it possible to overview climate risks and adaptation measures, which arguably increases general governance capacity Allowing yearly updates of set scores, the tool was also found to be useful for monitoring how vulnerability in the municipality evolves over time, and for evaluating how adaptive efforts influence calculated risks.

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Adaptation, Action, Response: ‘Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse’ at the Citizens Theatre, Glasgow

New Theatre Quarterly ◽

10.1017/s0266464x00006837 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 8 (31) ◽

pp. 203-220

Author(s):

Ian Craven

Keyword(s):

Television Studies ◽

Full Account ◽

Film And Television ◽

Four Horsemen ◽

Adaptation Action ◽

The University

Several of the novels of the Spanish writer Vicente Blasco Ibanez (1867–1928) have provided the basis for theatrical adaptations: but the version of The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1916) by Peter Granger-Taylor, staged in March 1990 at the Citizens Theatre, Glasgow, was the first for sixty years. In the following feature, Ian Craven, who teaches in the Department of Theatre, Film, and Television Studies at the University of Glasgow, provides a full account of Jon Pope's production, considering questions of adaptation, performance, and response, and also paying special attention to the influence of the screen versions of 1921 and 1962. His analysis is complemented by extracts from an interview with the adapter and director. A study by Margaret Eddershaw of Philip Prowse's production of Brecht's Mother Courage, in which Glenda Jackson took the title role during the same season at the Citizens, appeared in NTQ28 (November 1991).

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Kinerja Balai Penyuluhan Pertanian (BPP) dan Dampaknya pada Perilaku Petani Padi di Sulawesi Selatan

Jurnal Penyuluhan ◽

10.25015/penyuluhan.v8i2.9885 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Muh Hatta Jamil ◽

Amri Jahi ◽

Darwis S Gani ◽

Ma'mun Sarma ◽

I Gusti Putu Purnaba

Keyword(s):

Human Resources ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Action Program ◽

South Sulawesi ◽

Ex Post ◽

Ex Post Facto ◽

Farmer Behavior ◽

Adaptation Action

<p>This research was aimed to know factors related to the action programs as a representation of BPP performance and relationship between factors that potentially increase BPP performance and their impacts to the behavioral changes of ricefield farmers in South Sulawesi. Population of this research were all BPP located in 15 districts (regencies) in South Sulawesi (176 sub-districts/150 BPP). Determination of samples used Slovin method, number of samples was 109 BPP located within 109 sub-districts. Research design was done based on the ex post facto with method design of survey and interviews using questionnaires. Design of data analysis used approach of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) model applying LISREL program. Results of the research showed that variables of BPP development, BPP management, human resources, guided farmers, BPP resources, and BPP adaptation were significantly influencing the action programs as BPP representative performances with correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.72, the remaining 28 percent was affected by other factors outside of the study. Those factors directly influenced each others both insignificant and significant at α = 0.05. Besides that, they also indirectly influenced farmer behavior as much as 0.78 unit. The influence of action program as representation of BPP performances to the farmer behavior was indicated by correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.61, the remaining 39 percent was influenced by other variables outside of the study. Strategic implication of this research become important to the farmer behaviors, and to the development of BPP performances through action programs to a better direction by considering BPP development, BPP management, human resources, guided farmers, BPP resources and BPP adaptation.</p><p>Keywords : Performances, development, management, resources, adaptation, action program, farmer behavior, BPP</p>

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