Consumo de Nutrientes e Perfil Metabólico de Cordeiros Confinados com Diferentes Teores de Soro de Leite em Pó na Dieta

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Cano Serafim ◽  
Fabiola Cristine De Almeida Rego ◽  
Jéssica Taboni Fabris ◽  
Janaina Fabbris Molina ◽  
Camila Roberta Lupo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Different Levels

O soro de leite em pó é um coproduto lácteo, que pode ser aproveitado na dieta de cordeiros recém-desmamados, com o intuito de estimular consumo de alimentos sólidos, por ser palatável e por possuir alto teor de carboidratos solúveis, que são rapidamente degradados no rúmen. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da inclusão de diferentes níveis de soro de leite em pó, em dietas de cordeiros confinados da raça Santa Inês, sobre o consumo dos nutrientes e os parâmetros sanguíneos desses animais. Os tratamentos realizados foram: 0, 5, 10 e 15% de níveis de inclusão na alimentação dos cordeiros, na matéria seca total da dieta. O tempo experimental foi de 69 dias. O delineamento experimental foi um quadrado latino, quatro por quatro, sendo quatro tratamentos e quatro períodos. Foram utilizados 4 animais. A dieta foi composta de volumoso e concentrado à base de milho e soja. Foram realizadas análises bromatológicas do alimento ofertado, sobras e fezes dos animais. As amostras de sangue para análise laboratorial foram colhidas no quinto dia de cada período. Os dados foram analisados pelo pacote estatístico SAS (versão 9.2). O consumo de matéria seca, em função do peso vivo animal não variou entre tratamentos (p>0,05), com média de 4,22%. O consumo de proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido foram diferentes entre os tratamentos (p<0,05), com as seguintes médias 222, 40, 326 e 176g/dia, respectivamente. A inclusão alterou consumo de nutrientes e, também, os parâmetros sanguíneos dos animais.Palavras-chave: Consumo de Matéria Seca. Coproduto Lácteo, Triglicerídeos. Ureia.AbstractWhey powder is a dairycoproduct that can be used in the diet of recently weaned lambs in order to stimulate consumption of solid foods because it is palatable and has a high content of soluble carbohydrates that are rapidly degraded in the rumen. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of different levels of whey powder in confined lamb diets of Santa Inês breed on the nutrient intake and blood parameters of these animals. The treatments were: 0, 5, 10 and 15% inclusion levels in the lambs’ diet, in the total dry matter of the diet. The experimental time was 69 days. The experimental design was a Latin square, four by four, with four treatments and four periods. Four animals were used. The diet was composed of bulky and concentrated corn and soybean. Bromatological analyzes of the food offered, leftovers and the animals’ feces were carried out. Blood samples for laboratory analysis were collected on the fifth day of each period. The data were analyzed by the statistical package SAS (version 9.2). Dry matter intake as a function of live weight did not vary among treatments (p> 0.05), with an average of 4.22%. Crude protein, ethereal extract, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were different among treatments (p <0.05), with the following means 222, 40, 326 and 176g / day, respectively. The inclusion altered nutrient intake and also the animals’ blood parameters.Keywords: Dry Matter Intake, Milk Coproduct, Triglycerides, Urea.

Beef production from formic acid-treated and wilted silages

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Hinks ◽  
I. E. Edwards ◽  
A. R. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Live Weight Gain

SUMMARY1. Herbage was ensiled, fresh at 17% DM or wilted to 32% DM, with and without the addition of formic acid (19·2 kg/tonne DM). The silages were fed individually ad libitum to 36 fifteen-month-old British Friesian steers of about 280 kg initial live weight (nine animals per treatment).2. Wilting and the application of formic acid both inhibited fermentation, resulting in silages with higher levels of water-soluble carbohydrates, lower concentrations of volatile nitrogen and lower organic acid contents.3. There were no significant dry matter × formic acid interactions in dry-matter intake or daily live-weight gain.4. Treatment with formic acid did not enhance significantly either dry-matter intake or daily live-weight gain. Furthermore, it had little effect on digestibility, nitrogen retention or metabolizable energy (ME) concentration.5. Wilting before ensiling increased dry-matter intake from 5·0 to 8·3 kg/head per day with consequent marked increases in ME intake, nitrogen retention and live-weight gain. Wilting, however, had little effect on digestibility, ME concentration, or the efficiency with which dietary nitrogen intake was retained.

scholarly journals RETENSI N, Ca DAN P PADA KAMBING YANG DIBERI DEDAK HALUS YANG DIAUTOCLAVE DENGAN LEVEL BERBEDA

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
E Pudjihastuti
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Brachiaria Mutica ◽  
Range Test

RETENTION OF N, Ca and P in GOAT GIVEN FINE BRAN THAT OUTOCLAVED WITH DIFFERENT LEVEL. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of autoclaved fine bran use at different levels on the retention of nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) in goats. This study used four goats at age of 7-8 months old with body weight of 8-10 kg. Basic feed used was Brachiaria mutica grass, which added with autoclaved fine bran at different levels, as follows: R0 = Brachiaria mutica grass R1 = Brachiaria mutica grass+ 10% autoclaved fine bran R2 = Brachiaria mutica grass+ 20% autoclaved fine bran R1 = Brachiaria mutica grass+ 30% autoclaved fine bran This study used an experimental method based on the 4 x 4 Latin square design, where livestock served as row and experimental method as a line, followed by Duncan's multiple range test analysis. Results of analysis of variance showed that the treatment effect is highly significant (p <0.01) on dry matter intake, consumption and retention of N, consumption and retention of Ca and P. With Duncan's multiple range test showed that the treatment R3 was higher (p <0.01) than treatments of R2, R1 and R0 on consumption and retention of N, Ca and P. From these results, it can be concluded that the use of autoclaved fine bran up to 30% can improve the retention of N, Ca and P in goats.   Keywords: Fine bran, Autoclave, Retention, Goat

scholarly journals Milk production and dry matter intake of lactating Holstein cows fed low fiber diets in the tropics

1969 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Teodoro M. Ruiz ◽  
Jaime Moyá ◽  
Luis Viera
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Diet Intake

Three stargrass silage (SGS)-based diets formulated to contain 20, 26 and 32% neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were compared as to their effect on dry matter intake (DMI) and milk production. Twelve lactating Holstein cows averaging 110 days in milk were arranged in four replications of a 3 x 3 Latin Square design. Treatments did not affect DMI or DMI as percentage of body weight (BW); mean values for these parameters were 15.4 kg/cow/day and 3.06%, respectively. However, cows consuming 32% NDF diet had a tendency toward lower (8.6%) intake of organic matter (OM) as percentage of BW than cows on the 20% NDF diet. Intake of NDF as a percentage of BW increased (P < 0.01) linearly (0.62 to 0.93%) as dietary NDF concentration increased. Milk production averaged 21.0 kg/cow/day and was not affected by dietary treatment. Reducing dietary NDF from 32 to 20% resulted in a reduction (P < 0.01) in milk fat from 3.09 to 2.66%.This reduction resulted in a 1.3 kg/cow/day increase (P < 0.05) in 3.25% fat-corrected milk (3.25% FCM) as the percentage of dietary NDF increased. Gross efficiency of energy (NEL) use for milk production and 3.25% FCM increased linearly with dietary NDF by 9.7 and 17.3%, respectively. Results point out that for mid-lactation cows at the observed level of production, diets lower than 32% NDF will not result in higher DMI and milk production, and will be less efficient in the use of energy for milk production.

scholarly journals Nutrients intake and digestibility in sheep fed with residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Juliano Valério Geron ◽  
Fabiana Gomes Costa ◽  
Jocilaine Garcia ◽  
Anderson Moura Zanine ◽  
Edmiar Barbosa de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Total Carbohydrates

<p>This study aimed to evaluate nutrient intake and digestibility by sheep fed diets containing residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp (RETP). We used four sheep with a mean body weight (BW) of 40.38 kg, whose pens were distributed in a Latin square design. The diet treatments contained 0, 5, 10 and 15% of RETP. The variables were subjected to analysis of variance and the differences observed were tested using regression equations at 5% significance. The intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), total carbohydrates (TC), and non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC),expressed in g day-1, % BW and g kg0,75-1, were not significantly affected (p&gt;0.05) by the inclusion of RETP. The intake of ether extract (EE) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) showed a linear increase (p&lt;0.05) as RETP content rose. However, the digestibility of DM, CP, TC, and total digestible nutrients (TDN) decreased linearly (p&lt;0.05), while the digestibility of EE, NDF, ADF, and NFC, with average values of 62.12%; 79.95%; 41.59%; 37.12%, and 91.57%, respectively, were not significantly affected (p&gt;0.05) when RETP was included in the diet. The inclusion of up to 15% of the residue from the extraction of tamarind pulp changes the intake of ether extract and neutral detergent fiber, and reduced dry matter, crude protein, and total carbohydrates in the sheep’s diet.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of replacing Tifton Hay with Guandu Hay on intake, digestibility and ingestive behavior of dairy goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e50840
Author(s):  
Priscila Bernardo de Andrade ◽  
Erica Beatriz Schultz ◽  
Bruno Joaninho de Assis Villar ◽  
Ana Caroline Ramos Teles da Silva ◽  
Letícia dos Santos Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Fiber Digestibility

The purpose was to evaluate the effect of replacement of Tifton 85 hay with Guandu hay on the intake, digestibility and ingestive behavior of dairy goats. Five Saanen goats with average milk production of 2.26 ± 0.10 kg d-1, around 123 ± 4 days of lactation were assigned to a 5 x 5 Latin square design. The treatments consisted of five levels of replacement with Guandu: 0, 8.4, 16.8, 25.2, or 36.4 %. We sampled the food offered, leftovers and feces to calculate intake and digestibility, and the ingestive behavior was monitored for 24 hours. Regression analysis was applied with 5% significance. The nutrient intake and the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and protein decreased linearly with increasing levels of Guandu hay in the diet (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the neutral detergent fiber digestibility increased linearly, without change the water intake and ingestive behavior with replacement levels of Tifton hay with Guandu hay in the diet (p < 0.05). The replacement of up to 36.4% Tifton hay with Guandu hay in the dairy goat diet reduces the intake and digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and protein, and increasesfiber digestibility, without changing the ingestive behavior and water intake.

The effect of dried grass and cereal-based concentrate on the voluntary intake of unwilted grass silage

1977 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. McIlmoyle ◽  
J. C. Murdoch
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Levels

SUMMARYTwo 7 × 7 Latin square experiments were carried out with British Friesian steers (mean initial live weight 360 kg). In Experiment 1 the effects of different levels of dried grass or concentrate on the intake of silage dry matter (DM) were compared, and in Experiment 2 the effect of a supplement containing various proportions of dried grass: concentrate on the intake of silage DM was examined. In both experiments the digestibility of the ration and the rate of passage of digesta were measured.In Experiment 1, supplementation depressed intake of silage DM, the difference being significant (P<0·05) at 5·0 and 7·5 kg/day, but there were no significant differences in silage intake between supplements given at the same level. Intake of silage was also significantly lower (P<0·05) in Experiment 2 when a supplement was offered, but differences between supplements were not significant. Total DM intake was increased significantly (P<00·5) by supplementation in both experiments. Supplementation increased energy digestibility but decreased crude fibre digestibility. In Experiment 1 nitrogen digestibility was significantly lower (P<0·05) with dried grass than with concentrate supplementation, but in Experiment 2 supplementation increased the digestibility of nitrogen. In both experiments the mean retention time was shorter, the time for the highest rate of excretion of stained particles was lower, and the maximum rate of excretion higher for dried grass than for silage.

scholarly journals Native and introduced forage cacti in Saanen dairy goat diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e51029
Author(s):  
Pedro Etelvino de Góes Neto ◽  
José Geraldo Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Emerson Moreira de Aguiar ◽  
Airon Aparecido Silva de Melo ◽  
Guilherme Ferreira da Costa Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Total Carbohydrates

This study aimed to assess the nutrient intake and milk production of dairy goats fed with total mixed rations with different species of forage cacti. Five pluriparous Saanen goats (50 ± 4 kg) at nine weeks of lactation were allocated in a Latin square (5 x 5) with five diets and five periods. Each period was composed of 10 days for adaptation and seven days for collection. The treatments were composed of 473.0 to 501.0 g kg-1 of forage cacti: xiquexique (Pilosocereus gounellei), mandacaru (Cereus jamacaru), facheiro (Pilosocereus chrysostele), cactus cladodes cv. miúda (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm-Dyck) and cactus cladodes cv. orelha de elefante mexicana (Opuntia stricta); plus sabiá hay (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia) (188.0 to 198.0 g kg-1) and concentrate (311.0 to 329.0 g kg-1). The intake of dry matter, organic matter, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, total carbohydrates, and water intake through diet components were unaffected by experimental diets. For milk production and feed efficiency, no difference was observed among the diets. All diets containing different species of forage cacti can be used for dairy goats feed.

scholarly journals Grass and Legume Hays for Sheep: Intake, in vivo Digestibility, and in situ Degradability

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Iana Mara Medeiros Otoni ◽  
Janaina Lima Da Silva ◽  
Karina Guimaraes Ribeiro ◽  
Odilon Gomes Pereira ◽  
Thiago Carvalho Da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Bermuda Grass ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Male Sheep

The objective of this study was to evaluate nutrient intake, in vivo digestibility, and in situ degradability of different cultivars of hay (i.e., [Jiggs] and [Tifton-85] bermuda grass (Cynodon spp.) and [alfalfa] (Medicago sativa) and [stylo] Campo Grande (Stylosanthes sp.)) and nitrogen balance in sheep. We used eight rumen-cannulated F1 Santa Ines × Dorper castrated male sheep with body weights of 35.0 kg in a double 4 × 4 Latin Square experimental design. The intake and total apparent digestibility of nutrients were higher (P<0.05) for alfalfa than for stylo hay. The in vivo dry matter (DM) digestibility of Jiggs (47.6%), Tifton-85 (53.4%), stylo (29.3%), and alfalfa (53.2%) hays and in situ DM degradability were equivalent in the range of 7.6 to 63.2 h of degradation. The in vivo neutral detergent fiber (NDFap) digestibility of Jiggs (53.7%), Tifton-85 (64.4%), stylo (42.2%), alfalfa (56.2%), and in situ NDFap degradability were equivalent from 37.3 h. Nitrogen balance was negative only in animals fed stylo hay. Alfalfa hay provides a higher nutrient intake than other hays. The alfalfa and bermuda grass hays used in sheep diets presented better digestibility than stylo hay. The results are suitable to predict in vivo digestibility from in situ degradability parameters.

scholarly journals Forage quality and beef cow preference is affected by wrap type of conventional and reduced-lignin alfalfa round bales stored outdoors

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda S Reiter ◽  
Alfredo DiCostanzo ◽  
Megan Webb ◽  
Josh Zeltwanger ◽  
Craig C Sheaffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
Hay Waste

Abstract Storing hay outdoors can result in detrimental changes in forage quality. Additionally, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivar may influence dry matter intake (DMI) and hay waste when feeding livestock. The objectives were to determine the effects of conventional or reduced-lignin alfalfa round bales stored outdoors and wrapped with plastic twine, net wrap, or B-Wrap on forage quality, beef cow preference, and hay waste. Round bales made from reduced-lignin (n = 12) or conventional (n = 12) alfalfa cultivars were baled and stored outdoors for 16 mo. Within each cultivar, four bale replicates were bound with plastic twine, net wrap, or B-Wrap. After storage, bales were fed in a switchback design with period confounded with alfalfa cultivar to 18 lactating Angus cows (Bos Taurus L.). The pairs had ad libitum access to three round-bale feeders where bales of each wrap type were placed for eight 48 h periods. Position of round bale wrap type was rotated according to a Latin Square arrangement. Bales were weighed and waste surrounding each feeder was collected at 24 and 48 h to calculate DMI and hay waste. Statistical significance was set at P &lt; 0.05. Alfalfa cultivar did not impact any of the response variables (P &gt; 0.05). At feeding, round bales wrapped in net wrap had greater (P &lt; 0.015) moisture content (16.4%) compared with those wrapped with B-Wrap (12.8%). Neutral detergent fiber was lower (P = 0.03) in bales wrapped in B-Wrap (46%) compared with twine-tied bales (49%) while net wrapped bales were not different. Total digestible nutrients (P = 0.02), and relative feed value (P = 0.04) were lower in twine-tied bales compared with B-Wrap while net wrapped bales were not different. Twine (7.1 × 106 colony forming units [CFU]/g) and net wrap (4.7 × 106 CFU/g) bales had greater (P &lt; 0.0001) mold counts than B-Wrap bales (4.8 × 104 CFU/g), while concentrations of other forage components and yeast counts were not different among wrap types (P &gt; 0.05). Total DMI, and DMI during the first 24 h, were greater (P ≤ 0.032) for B-Wrap bales compared to twine-tied bales indicating preference for hay wrapped in B-Wrap; net wrapped bales were not different. Dry matter intake in the first 24 h was negatively associated with the mold count (r = −0.52; P = 0.02), and hay waste was not affected by wrap type (P &gt; 0.05). These results confirm that wrap type affected forage quality and mold counts, which in turn influenced beef cattle preference of round bales stored outdoors.

Beef production from additive-treated silages

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Hinks ◽  
A. R. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Fresh Material

SUMMARY1. Wilted (32% dry matter) Italian ryegrass was conserved: (A) untreated; (B) with 16·3 g/kg dry matter (4·6 1/t of fresh material) of an 85% w/w formic acid additive; (C) 12·1 g/kg dry matter (2·3 1/t fresh material) each of 85% formic acid additive and formalin (40% w/v formaldehyde); (D) 5·8 g/kg dry matter (1·3 1/t fresh material) each of 85% formic acid additive, formalin and a 96% w/v solution of propionic acid. The silages were individually fed ad libitum to 40 15-mo-old British Friesian steers of about 350 kg initial live weight.2. Treatment with additives inhibited fermentation, resulting in silages with higher levels of water soluble carbohydrates and lower levels of organic acids than untreated material. Lower levels of ammonia N and higher levels of true protein indicated that some protein protection resulted from the formaldehyde treatment.3. Formic acid alone (B) had little effect on digestibility but significantly (P<0·05) enhanced dry-matter intake, live-weight gain and nitrogen retention relative to the control (A)4. Whereas the application of formaldehyde (Treatments C and D reduced the digestability in vivo of nitrogen, significant increases in nitrogen retention were recorde relative to the control (A). Dry matter intake was not affected significantly by treatment with formaldehyde, but at the higher level of application (Treatment C) daily gain was significantly reduced compared with the control (A). These effects are discussed in relation to possible changes in VFA patterns within the rumen and to the levels of formaldehyde used.

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