scholarly journals Disasters, Memory and Liturgy

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 194-207
Author(s):  
Giulia De Lucia
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Structural Vulnerability ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
High Level ◽  
Earthquake Reconstruction

Seismic events demonstrated the high level of structural vulnerability of Italian ecclesiastical heritage. This paper investigates liturgical reordering applied (or not applied) in the post-earthquake reconstruction of churches. The aim is to analyze if the tragic circumstance of a post-earthquake reconstruction has been taken as an opportunity to renovate the sacramental space as a whole, and above all, to evaluate in which way the memory of the disaster and mourning may have influenced the celebratory aspects. The paper focus on the several criteria that may support choices for churches reconstruction, with or without the assimilation of the liturgical modifications introduced by the Second Vatican Council.If fifty years later, the process of the liturgical modification continues to be problematic in churches with a high heritage or historical value, the issue is event more complex for those buildings affected by catastrophic event and where communities are wounded by traumatic event as an earthquake.

Interpersonal Trust and Ability of Elderly Victims to Perform Activities of Daily Living in the Ya’an Earthquake Reconstruction Area, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 739-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Liang ◽  
Wei Ju
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
High Level ◽  
Earthquake Reconstruction

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the effect of the socioeconomic status and interpersonal trust of elderly victims of the Ya’an earthquake on their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs).MethodsRandom sampling was done in the 8 counties of Ya’an in Sichuan, China (N=691). A multistage random sampling method was used. Samples were selected from counties, towns, and villages, respectively. The Faith in People Scale was used to measure interpersonal trust, and the Barthel ADL Index was used to measure ADLs. Both scales have strong reliability.ResultsA total of 37.34% of elderly earthquake victims relied on others moderately to live, and their self-rating of interpersonal trust was relatively unfavorable. Factors such as being female, being widowed, having a low educational level, and income negatively affected ADLs, among which education had the greatest influence. Interpersonal trust was vital in enhancing the level of ADLs of elderly victims.ConclusionsA high level of interpersonal trust can significantly improve the ADLs of elderly persons. However, this may be achieved by weakening the negative effect of deteriorating social structure of victims. Attention should be focused on elderly victims whose social network worsens to improve their ADLs. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;page 1 of 7)

scholarly journals CONSERVATION AFTER EARTHQUAKE OF MINIMAL URBAN FRAMEWORK HISTORICAL HERITAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 907-911
Author(s):  
S. D’Avino
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
The Past ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Widespread Agreement ◽  
The Face ◽  
Critical Understanding ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
High Level

Abstract. Three years after the earthquake that struck central Italy, a number of pressing points need to be addressed as part of a far-ranging discussion that seeks to identify the steps to be taken in response, including: the widespread agreement on the need for reconstruction efforts which ensure a high level of security; the importance of preserving the urban fabric of ‘minimal’ population centres that are unquestionably intertwined with their surrounding landscapes; the need to acknowledge the most valuable features of historic downtown areas, including their undeniable fact of their intrinsic fragility in the face of seismic events, even though construction techniques developed and refined over time have provided them with a certain resilience. While use is made of a frankly contemporary idiom, when needed to remedy shortcomings, a reconstruction grounded in a critical understanding of the ‘sense of place’ must guarantee that the identifying features of historic downtown areas remain in place (at least in terms of the lay of the land and spatial relations) while, at the same time, ensuring that the constantly evolving memories which render such areas unique are also preserved, so as to allow the past to play its rightful role in the planning of the future.

scholarly journals Seismicity induced by hard coal mining in the vicinity of faults

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 01008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Burtan ◽  
Jerzy Cieślik ◽  
Dariusz Chlebowski
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Activity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Rockburst Hazard ◽  
Inherent Feature ◽  
Hard Coal Mining ◽  
High Level ◽  
Time And Energy

An inherent feature of Polish collieries within the Upper Silesia Coal Basin is the high level of mining induced seismicity, resulting in elevated rockburst hazard levels. One of the major causes of high-energy seismic events is that mining operations are continued in the vicinity of major faulting zones. The study summarises the results of geo-mechanical and statistical analysis of mining-induced seismic activity in the region of major faults, in a selected section within a colliery. Seismic activity assessment involves the categorisation of seismic events due to tectonic movements in the context of various face development systems with respect to the faulting zone: perpendicular (advancing towards the faulting zone or retreating) or parallel (along the faulting zone). Registered seismic activity was analysed in the context of epicenter locations and variations of seismic activity in relation to the developing face operations in the function of time and energy ratings (Gutenberg-Richter formulas). Results have demonstrated that increased levels of seismic activity in the strata can be attributable to mining operations in the vicinity of major faulting zones.

Development of an Implicit Overall Well-Being Measure Using the Implicit Association Test

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 604-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darío Díaz ◽  
Javier Horcajo ◽  
Amalio Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Traumatic Memories ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
High Level

Usually, well-being has been measured by means of questionnaires or scales. Although most of these methods have a high level of reliability and validity, they present some limitations. In order to try to improve well-being assessment, in the present work, the authors propose a new complementary instrument: The Implicit Overall Well-Being Measure (IOWBM). The Implicit Association Test (IAT) was adapted to measure well-being by assessing associations of the self with well-being-related words. In the first study, the IOWBM showed good internal consistency and adequate temporal reliability. In the second study, it presented weak correlations with explicit well-being measures. The third study examined the validity of the measure, analyzing the effect of traumatic memories on implicit well-being. The results showed that people who remember a traumatic event presented low levels of implicit well-being compared with people in the control condition.

scholarly journals The Finnish National Seismic Network: Toward Fully Automated Analysis of Low-Magnitude Seismic Events

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Veikkolainen ◽  
Jari Kortström ◽  
Tommi Vuorinen ◽  
Ilmo Salmenperä ◽  
Tuija Luhta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Background Activity ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Crystalline Bedrock ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Anthropogenic Seismicity ◽  
Seismic Networks ◽  
High Level ◽  
Seismic Background

Abstract We present an overview of the seismic networks, products, and services in Finland, northern Europe, and the challenges and opportunities associated with the unique combination of prevailing crystalline bedrock, low natural intraplate seismic background activity, and a high level of anthropogenic seismicity. We introduce national and local seismic networks, explain the databases, analysis tools, and data management concepts, outline the Finnish macroseismic service, and showcase data from the 2017 M 3.3 Liminka earthquake in Ostrobothnia, Finland.

scholarly journals U.PH.O AND MAGO: TWO USEFUL INSTRUMENTS IN SUPPORT OF PHOTOGRAMMETRIC UAV SURVEY

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W13 ◽  
pp. 289-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gagliolo ◽  
D. Passoni ◽  
B. Federici ◽  
I. Ferrando ◽  
D. Sguerso
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Mesh ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
High Level ◽  
Survey Planning ◽  
Historical Centre

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In emergency and critical scenarios, the UAV could play a key role in accessing unreachable sites in a safe and rapid way, guaranteeing at the same time the necessary accuracy and precision of the survey. In this context, UAV survey campaigns have been performed by the authors in Norcia (Italy), hit by tragic seismic events in August and October 2016. The surveys were motivated by the artistic and historical value of monuments, the need to plan and design the restoring and retrofitting of buildings, and also to quantify and manage the ruins. Goal of such surveys was the description of the structures geometry with a centimetric precision and a high level of reliability. Recently, the authors have conceived two tools, U.Ph.O (Unmanned Photogrammetric Office) and MAGO (Adaptive Mesh for Orthophoto Generation), dedicated to the planning and restitution phases of the survey, respectively. U.Ph.O. and MAGO are here applied to two different buildings in Norcia, i.e. the Civic Tower of Norcia and San Salvatore Church of Campi di Norcia. The former is a standing-out structure, surrounded by the complex of the historical centre, while the latter is located in an isolated site in the countryside. These features make the survey planning and the orthophoto reconstruction completely different, mainly due to the different optimal shooting geometry and the presence or absence of obstructions.</p>

Islamic Tombstones Reused during the Early Islamic Period from Ramla, Capital of Jund Filastin

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Gorzalczany ◽  
Hagit Torgë
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
Islamic Period ◽  
Secondary Use ◽  
Natural Catastrophes ◽  
Terminus Post Quem ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Early Islamic Period ◽  
The City ◽  
Early Islamic

In different excavations in Ramla, fragmented Muslim tombstones were uncovered in secondary use, providing a terminus post quem in the mid or late 10th-century AD for their reuse. As showed by the ceramic evidence, the time elapsed between the last interments and the reusing of the tombstones stones as building material was at the most 70 years. Reusing of tombstones is a common archeological occurrence. In most cases, the reutilizing is carried out after a time enough to cut the emotional link between the burial and the builders, or when an ethnical replacement occurred, and new dwellers had no emotional relationship with the previous ones. The phenomenon in Ramla is then an exception. What were the circumstances that led to such an unusual comportment? One possible explanation is the occurrence of a traumatic event, such an earthquake. Following the dates on the stones, it is evident that the event could have occurred only after 961 AD. This could fit the tremor in 1033 AD, two generations after the erection of the tombstones. As for the lifespan of the reconstruction layers, the pottery assemblages related to them, show ceramic types diagnostic to the Fatimid period, not in use in the Crusader period. This, together with the simultaneous abandonment of sites in the city, suggest that the destruction of the reconstruction strata was caused by another catastrophic event, perhaps the 1068 AD tremor. If so, we have a hatch to a well-defined period, limited by two powerful natural catastrophes, that provide termini ante and post quem for the ephemeral reconstruction of the city.

Benefits of EMDR therapy on the memory in the treatment of PTSD

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S359-S359
Author(s):  
S. Sassi Andrade Vieira ◽  
M. Di Giorgio ◽  
E. Cohen ◽  
M. Caurand ◽  
A. Manchon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Saccadic Eye Movements ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Stress Axis ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Level ◽  
Emdr Therapy

According to some studies, 80% of subjects suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) present twice the risk of developing an insanity as they age because of the high level of stress that has been induced. Indeed, the triggered trauma has a deleterious effect on the establishment of the stress’ axis (the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis) which is then not able to regulate itself. As a consequence, the hippocampal neurons will be attacked by an excess of cortisol. Memory's dysfunction is central in the symptomatology of PTSD, particularly in respect to encoding and recall. The hippocampus is able to transfer information to the prefrontal cortex. Actually, subjects with PTSD present less activity in the prefrontal cortex triggered by a decrease of encoding and recall capacities. EMDR therapy (eye movement desensitization and recruitment) allow for a fast relief of symptoms by a bilateral alternate stimulation (SBA). Indeed, saccadic eye movements stem affect related to the traumatic event and process the associated cognitions. During the desensitization phase in EMDR, we noticed an increase in activity of the brain's prefrontal, ventromedial, amygdala and thalamic regions. Indeed, the recall of traumatic memories goes through implicit emotional valence regions and associative areas for which the experience is already deeply integrated. After comparing cerebral activity before and after the therapy, researches on EMDR shows that a reduction of stress’ symptoms has some sensitive link to PTSD (in prevention to dementia).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Logotherapy for mothers threatened with in-validus condition of their child .

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Marcin Białas
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Psychological Care ◽  
Value System ◽  
Therapeutic Aspect ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
High Level ◽  
Child With A Disability

The birth of a child with a disability is often related to as a traumatic event experienced by the parents. It causes disorders in functioning of the family as a system, and also has influence on health of the parents. Chronic stress which is experienced by the parents leaves an imprint, especially on the health of the mother. The mother being overwhelmed by responsibilities resulting from care and rehabilitation of her disabled child, burdened by an unjustified feeling of guilt for the child’s condition, and living in a constant fear, exhibits symptoms which reveal the status of her health condition. In-validus of a child, in this case, emerges as a constant stressor which causes a high level of permanent and chronic stress experienced by the mother. In such situations, an adequate support offered to the mother of a child with disability, must not be limited only to medical and psychological care. If the problems also affect the spiritual sphere, an additional therapeutic aspect should be taken into account. This fact justifies applying logotherapy treatment, main aim of which is to help the mother to distance herself from the problems, make changes in value system, neutralize medication, control the stress, set new goals, and to find the sense of her own existence. In this meaning, logotherapy treatment as a complement of medical and psychological care, seems to be justified because it broadens the spectrum of support dedicated to the mother by taking care of a spiritual aspect of the treatment, which constitutes a foundation for an adequate and efficient therapy and its success.

scholarly journals Intracranial arachnoid cyst rupture after mild TBI in children: have we underestimated this risk?

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. e228790
Author(s):  
Leopoldo Mandic Ferreira Furtado ◽  
José Aloysio Costa Val Filho ◽  
Raquel Ida Ferreira ◽  
Italo Guilherme Giarola de Freitas Mariano
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Chronic Headache ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Subdural Space ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
Football Match ◽  
Intracranial Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Cyst Rupture

The association between intracranial arachnoid cyst rupture and mild brain trauma is infrequently reported. The purpose of this case report is to describe the case of a child with a left temporal arachnoid cyst who suffered rupture with haemorrhage after mild trauma during a football match. The child presented with chronic headache of mild intensity that progressed to a more intense headache after a traumatic event. He underwent surgical intervention after diagnosis of chronic haemorrhage in an arachnoid cyst in the ipsilateral subdural space. The risk of intracranial arachnoid cyst rupture should be considered during the evaluation of oligosymptomatic patients because it is a potentially catastrophic event.

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