scholarly journals Análise temporal de combates de Muay-Thai de nível nacional: Efeitos da fase competitiva

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Boscolo Del Vecchio ◽  
Jerônimo Jaspe Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Charles Bartel Farias
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
National Level ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Combat Sport ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Preparation Time ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Time Motion

<em>Introduction:</em><strong> </strong>Temporal analysis of matches allows the study of fighting patterns in combat sports. With this procedure, we can recreate the efforts in specific training. However, up to date have no information concerning temporal analysis considering competitive level in Muay-Thai. <em>Objective:</em><strong> </strong>To investigate temporal characteristics of Muay-Thai athletes in official competition from national level, considering round, and to compare preliminary combats with those that had medal disputes. <em>Material and methods:</em> Were recorded 65 matches in a Brazilian championship. We conducted <em>in loco</em> recording. To time-motion analysis, Software Kinovea™ was used. Were considered Observation, Preparation and Interaction periods, as well as high intensity and low intensity ratio (HI:LI). The average duration of the rounds between competitive phases (preliminary or finals) was compared with a <em>t</em> test. A generalized linear model was applied considering effort duration as dependent variable and competitive level, round and effort type as independent. Significant level was set in 5%. <em>Results:</em> Were registered 7 to 8 s of Observation, near from 3 s of Preparation and 4 to 5.5 s of Interaction effort type, and the duration of Observation effort was significantly superior the others. Significant differences were observed in the Interaction between preliminary and finals (respectively 5.5 ± 0.3 s and 3.7 ± 0.5 s; p &lt; 0.05). Pooling the Observation and Preparation time as low intensity (LI), and Interaction as high intensity (HI) efforts, the HI:LI ratio was 1:2in eliminatory and 1:3 in the final matches. <em>Conclusions:</em><strong> </strong>Muay-Thai is an intermittent combat sport, the duration of Interaction effort type is lower in final in comparison to preliminary matches.

scholarly journals Repeated High-Intensity Running and Sprinting in Elite Women’s Soccer Competition

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim J. Gabbett ◽  
Håvard Wiig ◽  
Matt Spencer
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Match Play ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Sport Competition ◽  
Women's Soccer

Background:To the authors’ knowledge, no study has investigated the concurrent repeated, high-intensity (RHIA) and repeated-sprint activity (RSA) of intermittent team-sport competition.Purpose:In this study, they report on the RSA of elite women’s football competition. In addition, they describe the nature of RHIA (eg, striding and sprinting activities) that involve a high energy cost and are associated with short (ie, ≤20 s) recovery periods.Methods:Thirteen elite women soccer players underwent video-based time–motion analysis on 34 occasions during national and international standard matches. RSA and RHIA were defined as successive (ie, 2) sprints or striding and sprinting efforts that occurred with ≤20 s between efforts.Results:The number of RSA and RHIA bouts performed was similar between the first and second halves of matches. Sprinting and striding/sprinting durations tended to remain relatively stable irrespective of the number of efforts in an RSA or RHIA bout or the period of play. However, recovery duration between efforts increased in the second half, when a greater number of efforts were performed per bout.Conclusion:These findings suggest that first- to second-half reductions in RHIA and RSA do not occur in elite women’s soccer competition. However, players increase the amount of low-intensity recovery undertaken between RHIA and RSA efforts, most likely in an attempt to maintain RHIA and RSA performance. These findings emphasize the importance of RSA and RHIA to elite women’s soccer and highlight the importance of training this quality to prevent reductions in performance during competitive match play.

scholarly journals Time-motion analysis in elite female Wushu Sanda athletes according to competitive phases and weight categories

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Breno Berny Vasconcelos ◽  
Fabrício Boscolo Del Vecchio
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Slow Motion ◽  
Combat Sport ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Motion Structure ◽  
Observation Times ◽  
Mean Time

Introduction: Wushu Sanda is a Chinese combat sport. Objective: To measure the time-motion structure of elite female wushu sanda athletes during the 13th World Wushu Championships in different weight divisions (light, middle, and heavy categories) and competition phases (eliminatory, quarterfinals, semifinals and finals). Material and methods: Fifty-five female athletes from 31 countries participated in 46 matches during the competition. All 46 matches, accounting 95 rounds, 35 in light, 25 in middle and 35 in heavyweight divisions, took part in the study. Matches were analyzed using the software Kinovea™. Each match was reproduced in slow motion (50%) twice; therefore, one athlete was observed each time to ensure that all activities would be registered, totalizing 92 observations (46 matches, 2 observations per match). We registered the time in observation, preparation, interaction, effort, pause, high-intensity and low-intensity activities. Results: Descriptive data showed an effort:pause ratio of 2.2:1, a high:low intensity efforts ratio of 1:1.3, and mean observation-preparation-interaction times of 4.5-1.2-4.2 seconds. When comparing by weight category, heavyweight categories had higher total fighting time per round than the light and middle categories. Also, heavyweight categories had longer preparation and interaction mean-time; and referee interruption time frequency, total and mean times than the light and middle categories. Total pause time was also higher for heavyweights. According to the competitive phase, semifinal matches had shorter observation times than eliminatory and final matches. Also, semifinal matches had lower low-intensity time than quarterfinals and finals. Conclusions: Wushu sanda is an intermittent combat sport, and female athletes present some time-motion differences according to weight division and competitive phase.

Combined Effect of Number of Players and Dribbling on Game-Based-Drill Demands in Basketball

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 825-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Ferioli ◽  
Diego Rucco ◽  
Ermanno Rampinini ◽  
Antonio La Torre ◽  
Marco M. Manfredi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Perceptual Response ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
Analysis Technique

Purpose: To examine the physiological, physical, and technical demands of game-based drills (GBDs) with regular dribble (RD) or no dribble (ND) involving a different number of players (3 vs 3, 4 vs 4, and 5 vs 5). Methods: Ten regional-level male basketball players performed 6 full-court GBD formats (each consisting of 3 bouts of 4 min and 2 min rest) on multiple occasions. The physiological and perceptual responses were measured through heart rate and rating of perceived exertion. Video-based time–motion analysis was performed to assess the GBD physical demands. The frequencies of occurrence and the duration were calculated for high-intensity, moderate-intensity, low-intensity, and recovery activities. Technical demands were assessed with a notional-analysis technique. A 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to assess statistical differences between GBD formats. Results: A greater perceptual response (rating of perceived exertion) was recorded during 3 versus 3 than 5 versus 5 formats (P = .005). Significant interactions were observed for the number of recovery (P = .021), low-intensity activity (P = .007), and all movements (P = .001) completed. Greater time was spent performing low-intensity and high-intensity activities during RD than ND format. Greater technical demands were observed for several variables during 3 versus 3 than 4 versus 4 or 5 versus 5. A greater number of turnovers (P = .027), total (P ≤ .001), and correct passes (P ≤ .001) were recorded during ND than RD format. Conclusions: The number of players predominantly affected the perceptual response to GBD, while both the number of players and rule modification (RD vs ND) affected activities performed during GBD. Reducing the number of players increases the GBD technical elements, while ND format promotes a greater number of turnovers and passes.

High-Intensity Interval Training Prescription for Combat-Sport Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 767-776
Author(s):  
Emerson Franchini
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Sprint Interval Training ◽  
Combat Sport ◽  
Sprint Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Short Intervals ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Context: Combat sports are composed of high-intensity actions (eg, attacks, defensive actions, and counterattacks in both grappling and striking situations depending on the specific sport) interspersed with low-intensity actions (eg, displacement without contact, stepping) or pauses (eg, referee stoppages), characterizing an intermittent activity. Therefore, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is at the essence of combat-sport-specific training and is used as complementary training, as well. HIIT prescription can be improved by using intensity parameters derived from combat-sport-specific tests. Specifically, the assessment of physiological indexes (intensity associated with the maximal blood lactate steady state, maximal oxygen consumption, and maximal sprint) or of time–motion variables (high-intensity actions, low-intensity actions, and effort:pause ratio) is a key element for a better HIIT prescription because these parameters provide an individualization of the training loads imposed on these athletes. Purpose: To present a proposal for HIIT prescription for combat-sport athletes, exemplifying with different HIIT protocols (HIIT short intervals, HIIT long intervals, repeated-sprint training, and sprint interval training) using combat-sport-specific actions and the parameters for the individualization of these protocols. Conclusions: The use of combat-sport-specific tests is likely to improve HIIT prescription, allowing coaches and strength and conditioning professionals to elaborate HIIT short intervals, HIIT long intervals, repeated-sprint training, and sprint interval training protocols using combat-sport actions, providing more specificity and individualization for the training sessions.

Time–Motion Analysis and Physiological Responses to Karate Official Combat Sessions: Is There a Difference Between Winners and Defeated Karatekas?

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmi Chaabène ◽  
Emerson Franchini ◽  
Bianca Miarka ◽  
Mohamed Amin Selmi ◽  
Bessem Mkaouer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
National Level ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Key Success Factors ◽  
Time Motion ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Cardiovascular Strain

Purpose:The aim of this study was to measure and compare physiological and time–motion variables during karate fighting and to assess eventual differences between winners and defeated elite karatekas in an ecologically valid environment.Methods:Fourteen elite male karatekas who regularly participated in national and international events took part in a national-level competition.Results:There were no significant differences between winners and defeated karatekas regarding all the studied variables. Karatekas used more upper-limb (76.19%) than lower-limb techniques (23.80%). The kisami-zuki represented the most frequent technique, with 29.1% of all used techniques. The duration of each fighting activity ranged from <1 s to 5 s, with 83.8% ± 12.0% of the actions lasting less than 2 s. Karatekas executed 17 ± 7 high-intensity actions per fight, which corresponded to ~6 high-intensity actions per min. Action-to-rest ratio was about 1:1.5, and high-intensityaction- to-rest ratio was ~1:10. The mean blood lactate response at 3 min postcombat (Lapost) elicited during karate fighting was 11.18 ± 2.21 mmol/L (difference between Lapre and Lapost = 10.01 ± 1.81 mmol/L). Mean heart rate (HR) was 177 ± 14 beats/min (91% ± 5% of HRpeak). Karatekas spent 65% of the time exercising at HR >90% of the individual HRpeak.Conclusion:Karatekas predominantly use upper-limb karate techniques. Karate’s nature is intermittent, with fighting activities representing ~6% of total combat’s duration and ~84% of actions lasting less than 2 s, with ~21-s mean time interval in between. Kumite combat sessions induced high La and near-maximal cardiovascular strain. Other key success factors should be investigated to properly discriminate winners and defeated athletes.

scholarly journals Evolution and Efficiency Assessment of Pesticide and Fertiliser Inputs to Cultivated Land in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3771
Author(s):  
Xuesong Zhan ◽  
Chaofeng Shao ◽  
Rong He ◽  
Rongguang Shi
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
National Level ◽  
Value Added ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Application Efficiency ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Fertiliser Application

Excessive use of pesticides and fertilisers has been a key issue limiting sustainable agricultural development. China is a typical pesticide- and chemical-fertiliser-dependent agricultural production area. We have matched the target indicators related to sustainable agricultural development (SDG1 and SDG2) and analysed the gap between China and four developed countries in terms of fertiliser and pesticide use intensity and efficiency from 2002 to 2016. We have used an improved Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index model and cluster analysis to identify the factors and effects driving increased pesticide and fertiliser inputs in China, and we discuss the exploratory effects of different provinces in reducing pesticide and fertiliser application and increasing efficiency. The findings reveal that (1) China is a typical pesticide- and fertiliser-dependent agricultural production area. The average combined fertiliser application efficiency in China from 2002 to 2016 was only 28% of that of the Netherlands, and the country’s average combined pesticide application efficiency was only 35% of that of the USA. (2) The most important of the three main drivers of the increase in pesticide and fertiliser inputs in China is the value added of the primary industry, contributing 56% for the period 2007–2016. (3) Further analysis at the provincial level according to four types—high-intensity high-yield type, high-intensity low-yield type, low-intensity high-yield type, and low-intensity low-yield type—clarified the provinces that should be focused on at the national level in terms of pesticide and fertiliser application reduction and efficiency increase in the future.

Inhibition rather than Enhancement of Hemostatic System Activation during Initiation of Oral Anticoagulant Treatment

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (04) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A Kyrle ◽  
Johannes Brockmeier ◽  
Ansgar Weltermann ◽  
Sabine Eichinger ◽  
Wolfgang Speiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant Treatment ◽  
Shed Blood ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Hemostatic System ◽  
System Activation

SummaryCoumarin-induced skin necrosis is believed to be due to a transient hypercoagulable state resulting from a more rapid decline of the protein C activity relative to that of coagulation factors (F) II, IX and X during initiation of oral anticoagulant therapy. We studied hemostatic system activation during early oral anticoagulant treatment with a technique that investigates coagulation activation in the microcirculation.We determined in 10 healthy volunteers the concentrations of prothrombin fragment F1+2 (f1.2) and thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) in blood emerging from an injury of the microvasculature (bleeding time incision) before and after initiation of both high-inten- sity and low-intensity coumarin therapy. In addition, f1.2, TAT, activated F VII (F Vila) and the activities of FII, F VII, F X and protein C were measured in venous blood.A rapid decline of F VII and protein C was observed in venous blood with activities at 24 h of 7 ± 1% and 43 ± 2%, respectively, during the high-intensity regimen. A 20 to 30% reduction of f1.2 and TAT was seen in venous blood at 72 h with no major difference between the high- and the low-intensity regimen. F Vila levels were substantially affected by anticoagulation with a >90% reduction at 48 h during the high-intensity regimen. Following high-intensity coumarin, a >50% decrease in the fl.2 and TAT levels was found in shed blood at 48 h suggesting substantial inhibition of thrombin generation during early oral anticoagulation. An increase in the f1.2 and TAT levels was seen neither in shed blood nor in venous blood.Our data do not support the concept of a transient imbalance between generation and inhibition of thrombin as the underlying pathomechanism of coumarin-induced skin nekrosis.

Contralateral training effects of low-intensity blood-flow restricted and high-intensity unilateral resistance training

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goncalo V. Mendonca ◽  
Carolina Vila-Chã ◽  
Carolina Teodósio ◽  
André D. Goncalves ◽  
Sandro R. Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Effects ◽  
Low Intensity

scholarly journals Comparison of two different models of rehabilitation programs following total knee replacement operations

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabab S. Zaghlol ◽  
Sahar S. Khalil ◽  
Ahmed M. Attia ◽  
Ghada A. Dawa
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Replacement ◽  
Knee Replacement ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Functional Gain

Abstract Background Total knee replacement operation (TKR) is the treatment of choice in severe knee osteoarthritis (OA). Rehabilitation post-TKR is still not well studied. The aim of this study was to compare between the high-intensity (HI) rehabilitation program and the low-intensity (LI) rehabilitation program following TKR. Results At 1 month following the TKR operations, significant improvements were found in the first group compared to the second group in all the measured parameters except for the knee range of motion (ROM). At 3 and 12 months follow-up periods, there were statistically significant differences between both groups in all the evaluated parameters except for the numeric pain rating scale and the knee ROM. Conclusions Both high-intensity and low-intensity rehabilitation programs are effective; however, HI program had superior functional gain and patient-reported outcomes compared to the LI program. Moreover, HI group has a long-term functional gain.

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